生物谷Bioon.com导读：艾滋病病毒外层糖分子链结构独特,艾滋病病毒外层糖分子链结构独特。

关于艾滋病的近期研究成果：

The Lancet：鸡尾酒疗法有效降低HIV传播风险
Science：中和HIV的两种抗体
PLoS Pathog.：发现可抑制HIV传播的抑制剂
PNAS：HIV预治疗可能减少耐药株的数量
ACS Chem. Biol：预防HIV传播的新分子合成
Nature：HIV Tat复合物的晶体结构
Cell：Tetherin蛋白阻止HIV从细胞中释放机制
Nat. Biotech.：艾滋病基因治疗新进展
PLoS Comput Biol ：可快速判断HIV-1感染的电脑程序
Nature：HIV-1整合酶三维结构

近日英国牛津大学网站发布新闻公报称，该校领导的一国际研究小组研究发现，艾滋病病毒（HIV）外层包裹的糖分子链结构独特且十分稳定，这与人体其他细胞完全不同。研究人员指出，可利用这个特点开发新型艾滋病疫苗，以使人体免疫系统能够识别易变的HIV，并对抗感染。

来自英国牛津大学、美国加州斯克里普斯研究所和马萨诸塞州波士顿Ragon研究所的研究人员组成的国际研究小组，对来自世界不同地区的HIV进行了分析。他们从各种HIV-1活体病毒样本中剥离出碳水化合物层（糖衣），在对其化学结构进行分析后发现，这种糖存在于所有的HIV-1病毒及其进化枝中，其结构是独一无二的，与人体细胞中的其他糖形式完全不同。

研究人员还发现，目前开发中的艾滋病疫苗的糖结构与HIV中的糖结构并不一样，因此可能导致这些疫苗无法完全模拟HIV。

领导此项研究的英国牛津大学克里斯·斯坎伦博士指出，病毒外层包裹的紧密糖衣被称做“碳水化合物伪装层”，因为这个糖链看起来和人体细胞外层糖链一样，一般情况下很难被免疫系统识别。而新发现表明，HIV的这种伪装是有缺陷的，HIV上糖的特殊性或许提供了攻击病毒的机会。通过疫苗配方中设置的危险信号，可以迫使免疫系统注意这种特殊的糖结构，从而识别HIV。斯坎伦博士称，一些癌症疫苗的开发就是利用了这种方法。

斯坎伦博士指出，HIV极其易变，一个HIV感染者体内病毒在一天之内的变化，比整个英国一个流感季节流感病毒的变化还要多。这种病毒易变性对于开发艾滋病疫苗来说是个不小的挑战。而发现HIV外层糖链的特殊性，将有助于找到一种开发艾滋病疫苗的新方法。(生物谷Bioon.com)

• 艾滋病早期治疗是康复与延长30～60年生命的保
• 艾滋病免疫重建的重要意义是挽救生命的根本
• 从食品植物研究开发的治疗艾滋病新药三合皂甙
• 康生丹颗粒免疫实验提示符合艾滋病、肿瘤等应
• 鸡尾酒疗法并非万能，抗药性与毒副作用导致联合疗法与中药疗法应用的迫切性
• 公布几例康生丹治疗艾滋病的检测报告照片
• 康生丹配合西药治疗AIDS总结
• 三合皂甙，康生丹片
• 中药康生丹治愈艾滋病中医论析

• 艾滋病成为第一大死因病种[刘君]的对策与思考

• Sources Science and Technology Daily
  2010-7-26 10:01:00
  
  PNAS: stripped of HIV, "camouflage"
  Bio Valley
  Recommended hot
   
  Bio Valley inventory 2009
  In 2009, domestic biomedical breakthrough year. Not only new breakthroughs in stem cell found, there are new GM crops policy initiatives.
  
  More topics
  Related Reading
  
  Recommended Conference
  Conference, summit forum, exhibition
  
  More meetings
  
  
  
  Bio Valley Bioon.com Introduction: HIV outer sugar chain structure of a unique HIV outer sugar chain structure unique.
  
  Recent research on AIDS:
  
  The Lancet: cocktail therapy reduces the risk of HIV transmission
  Science: China and the two HIV antibody
  PLoS Pathog.: Find inhibitors can inhibit the spread of HIV
  PNAS: HIV pre-treatment may reduce the number of drug-resistant strains
  ACS Chem. Biol: prevention of HIV transmission Synthesis of new molecules
  Nature: HIV Tat complex crystal structure
  Cell: Tetherin protein prevents HIV from the cells release mechanism
  Nat. Biotech.: Progress in gene therapy of AIDS
  PLoS Comput Biol: quick to judge HIV-1 infection of computer programs
  Nature: HIV-1 integrase three-dimensional structure
  
  University of Oxford website has published a press release, the school led by an international research team found that AIDS virus (HIV) the outer package of sugar chain structure is unique and very stable, which is completely different from other body cells. The researchers pointed out that this feature can be used to develop new AIDS vaccine, so that the immune system can recognize volatile HIV, and combating infection.
  
  From Oxford University, California, Scripps Research Institute and the Massachusetts Institute of Boston researchers Ragon, an international research team, from different parts of the world's HIV were analyzed. They have a variety of HIV-1 live virus samples were separated from carbohydrates layer (sugar) in its chemical structure analysis found that the sugar exists in all the HIV-1 virus and its evolutionary branches, its structure is unique, and other human cells in different forms of sugar.
  
  The researchers also found that the current AIDS vaccine developed in structure and sugar in the sugar structure of HIV is not the same, and may cause these vaccines can not be completely simulated HIV.
  
  Led the study, University of Oxford 克里斯斯坎 Lunbo Shi pointed out that the virus, closely wrapped in sugar-coated outer layer is called "carbohydrate mask layer", because the sugar chain and human cells look the same as the outer sugar chain, the general and difficult to be immune system recognition. The new findings suggest that, HIV this camouflage is defective, HIV on the sugar specificity may provide an opportunity to attack the virus. Vaccine formulations set a dangerous signal to force the immune system of the sugar structure of this particular attention to identification of HIV. Dr. Scanlon said some of the development of cancer vaccines is to use this approach.
  
  Dr. Scanlon noted, HIV is extremely variable, an HIV virus infection in vivo changes in one day than the entire UK a change of influenza virus influenza season even more. Variability of this virus for the development of an AIDS vaccine is not a small challenge. The outer sugar chain found in the particularity of HIV will help to find a new method of developing an AIDS vaccine. (Bio Valley Bioon.com)