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北京将加大艾滋病防治力度 疫情向一般人群扩散
2009年07月24日 15:56 来源：北京晚报
据本市最新公布的疫情数据显示，北京市自1985年发现首例艾滋病病例以来，截止到2009年5月，全市累计报告艾滋病病毒感染者及艾滋病病人6383例，其中本市居民1343例、外省市居民4722例、外籍人员247例，不详71例。艾滋病疫情正在从高危人群向一般人群扩散。为进一步加大本市艾滋病防治工作力度，切实落实国家“四免一关怀”政策，降低艾滋病传播相关危险行为发生，本市进一步调整了免费自愿咨询检测点(VCT)设置，扩大了美沙酮社区药物维持治疗门诊覆盖面，提供便捷服务。
艾滋病自愿咨询检测严守私密
(一)艾滋病自愿咨询检测(VCT)是指人们在自主向专业机构人员咨询艾滋病防治等知识后，完全自主地选择在专业机构进行艾滋病病毒抗体的检测、检验。自愿咨询检测门诊服务特别强调“自愿”和“知情同意”，以便在保护受检者利益的同时，取得良好的公共卫生利益。对咨询者个人信息、咨询内容、检测结果保密。
(二)哪些人应当去做艾滋病病毒抗体检测？
(1)曾经有高危险行为的人。如多性伴者，同性恋者，卖淫嫖娼者，共用注射器吸毒者及他们的性伴等；(2)在感染者较多的地区或在血液安全没有保障的条件下接受过输血的人；(3)艾滋病病毒抗体阳性的妇女所生的婴儿；(4)配偶是艾滋病病毒抗体阳性者。
本市现有42家艾滋病免费自愿咨询检测门诊。
美沙酮社区维持治疗 有效帮助阿片类物质成瘾者
滥用阿片类物质成瘾者社区药物维持治疗，是指这类成瘾者在符合条件的医疗机构中，选用合适的药物，进行长期维持治疗，以减少对阿片类物质的依赖，减少由于滥用阿片类物质成瘾引起的疾病、死亡和引发的违法犯罪，使阿片类物质成瘾者回归社会。该治疗在我国应用最多的是美沙酮社区维持治疗。
在吸毒人群中推广安全注射观念
针对吸毒人群减低危害，指将尽量减少与吸毒相关的、对健康的危害。主要通过疾病预防控制机构人员或受过培训的社区工作者、同伴教育者从注射吸毒者那里回收他们使用过的注射器，换给他们清洁的注射器，目的是在吸毒人群中推广安全注射的观念，保证一次性注射器供应，以控制因共用注射器吸毒造成的艾滋病在吸毒人群中的传播甚至向一般人群蔓延的势头。目前本市共有针具交换站11个。
Beijing will intensify efforts to combat AIDS to the general population spread of the epidemic
At 15:56 on July 24, 2009 Source: Beijing Evening News
According to the city's latest outbreak data show that in Beijing since 1985 has been found in the first case of AIDS cases, by the end of May 2009, the city reported a total of HIV infection and 6383 cases of AIDS patients, of which 1343 cases of city residents, other provinces City residents in 4722 cases, 247 cases of foreign nationals, 71 cases of an unknown. AIDS epidemic is moving from high-risk groups to the general population proliferation. In order to further increase the city's AIDS prevention efforts, and effectively implement the national "Four Frees and One Care" policy, to reduce the risk of the spread of AIDS-related acts, the city to further adjust the point of free voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) settings, and expand community-based methadone drug maintenance treatment of out-patient coverage, and provide convenient services.
HIV voluntary counseling and testing strictly private
(A) AIDS voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) refers to people in their own advice to professional bodies, such as AIDS prevention knowledge, the complete autonomy to choose the professional bodies in the HIV antibody testing, testing. Voluntary counseling and testing out-patient services with particular emphasis on "voluntary" and "informed consent" in order to protect the interests of subjects at the same time, the interests of good public health. Personal information to consultants, consulting the contents of confidential test results.
(B) Who should do HIV antibody test?
(1) had high-risk behavior. Such as multi-sexual partners, and homosexuals, prostitution, and drug addicts sharing syringes and their sexual partners, etc.; (2) in the infected areas or more in the blood safety is not guaranteed under the conditions of those who received blood transfusion; (3) HIV-positive babies born to women; (4) the spouse is HIV-positive.
The city's existing 42 AIDS voluntary counseling and testing clinic free of charge.
Methadone maintenance therapy effective in helping communities opioid addicts
Abuse of opioid addicts maintain community-based drug treatment, refer to this type of addiction in the medical institutions in line with the conditions, the appropriate choice of drugs, long-term maintenance treatment to reduce the dependence on opiates to reduce the abuse of opioid addictive substance-related diseases, deaths and crime caused by so opioid addicts return to society. The treatment in China is the most widely used community-based methadone maintenance treatment.
In the promotion of drug users in the concept of safe injection
Harm reduction for drug users that will try to reduce drug-related health hazards. Primarily through disease prevention and control institutions of trained staff or community workers, peer educators, where injecting drug users from recycling their used syringes for clean syringes to them aimed at the promotion of drug users in the concept of safe injection to ensure that supply of disposable syringes in order to control the sharing of syringes by drug addicts caused by AIDS in the spread of drug users and even spread to the general population momentum. At present the city a total of needle exchange station 11.
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