宋圭武观点75：皇权不下县也是一种经济均衡

个人认为，中国古代社会的皇权不下县也是一种经济均衡。主要原因是，由于小农经济的经济剩余有限，国家不可能对所有官员提供报酬，只能对部分官员提供报酬。在这种情况下，国家只能对县以下的基层官员采取不付报酬的方式，或采取减免一些税收负担的形式，同时，通过“什伍相保”“什伍连坐”等制度设计，进一步激活乡村社会内部成员互相管理的积极性，来实现对基层社会的严密控制。因此，中国古代社会的“皇权不下县”并不意味国家权力不下县，只是意味皇帝对官员的任命只到县这一级，即县以上的官员才有国家正式报酬。另外，由于经济剩余有限，虽然县以上的官员有国家正式报酬，但大多时候还是低薪。当然，这并不排斥历史上个别朝代一些官员也享受过高薪制，但从总体和平均看，是低薪制，或是中高级官员高薪，一般官员低薪，呈两级分化状态。在历史的一些时期还实行过无薪制，如鲜卑族拓跋部建立的北魏等。

好，谢谢，谢谢。

Song Guiwu's opinion 75: The imperial power is also a kind of economic equilibrium

 Personally, I think that the imperial power in ancient China is also a kind of economic equilibrium. The main reason is that due to the limited economic surplus of small-scale peasant economy, the state cannot provide remuneration to all officials, but only to some officials. In this case, the state can only take the form of not paying the grass-roots officials below the county, or taking the form of reducing some tax burdens, and at the same time, through the system design of "Shiwu Xiangbao" and "Shiwu Lianzuo", further activate the enthusiasm of the members of the rural society to manage each other, to achieve a tight control of the grass-roots society. Therefore, the "imperial power" in ancient China does not mean that the state power is not below the county, but only means that the emperor's appointment of officials only reaches the county level, that is, the officials above the county have the official state remuneration. In addition, due to the limited economic surplus, although the officials above the county have the official state remuneration, but most of the time is still low salary. Of course, this does not exclude some officials in individual dynasties in history to enjoy a high salary system, but from the overall and average point of view, it is a low salary system, or high salary for middle and senior officials, low salary for general officials, showing a bifurcated state. In some periods of history, there was also a no-salary system, such as the Northern Wei established by the Tuoba Department of the Xianbei tribe. Okay, thank you, thank you.