海口艾滋病例全省第三 阻艾三防线要牢记
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http://www.hq.xinhuanet.com 2010-11-14 10:33 来源： 海口网
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| 图示∶2010年12月即将出版的《中国特色医疗金鉴》登载的刘君主任及其机构 |
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| 今年的12月1日，是第23个“世界艾滋病日”，今年的宣传主题是“遏制艾滋，履行承诺”，为了更深入、更广泛地开展艾滋病知识宣传、学习，近日，海口市防治艾滋病政策宣讲会在海口市政府召开，海口市委、市政府各部门分管领导和各区人民政府分管卫生工作的副区长以及全市副科级以上干部约450人参加了宣讲会，副市长韩美出席了宣讲会。
宣讲会由海南省疾控中心艾滋病防治所所长何启亚主讲。海口市卫生局还将制作的《预防控制艾滋病读本》以及宣讲光盘，连同《艾滋病防治条例》一同分发给了参会人员，以供各单位集体学习。
海口病例居全省第三
引起艾滋病的病毒称为“人类免疫缺陷病毒”，英文缩写为HIV，俗称为艾滋病病毒。
海南省于1991年发现首例HIV感染者，截至2010年9月30日，累计报告HIV/AIDS 896例，其中病人227例；尚存活634例。2009年使用Workbook方法估计，我省15-49岁年龄组HIV感染人数有2549人。报告病例数居前五位的市县依次为：三亚（184例）、儋州（177例）、海口（125例）、乐东（117例）和东方（109例）。
总体看来，全省疫情仍呈上升趋势，但上升速度有所减缓。海南省东部市县以经性接触传播为主，西部市县以吸毒传播为主，中部山区以输入性传播为主。
同时，注射器吸毒传播所占的比重最高；但是近年来，经性接触传播的比例明显在上升；尤其是在海口、三亚等市县，男男性接触传播呈现较快增长态势。此外，所报告的HIV/AIDS病例中，“外省籍”人员逐渐增多。
海南分区防治艾滋病
何启亚表示，针对海南省各地区艾滋病防治的实际情况，海南省相关部门也采取了“分别对待”的方式。
在海口、三亚，卫生部门重点加强对MSM（男性性接触人群的简称）人群的教育和行为干预。而在西部市县以及东部沿海一些吸毒严重的墟镇，则重点开展美沙酮药物维持治疗和清洁针具交换，以降低注射吸毒传播的风险。在东部旅游重点地区，则在娱乐场所推行使用安全套措施，在宾馆、旅馆等客房发放宣传材料，在盥洗间放置安全套。
在中部山区市县，主要建立疫情监测网络系统，加强艾滋病疫情监测，培训专业技术人员，做好后续控制疫情增长知识储备和队伍建设。
“艾滋病病毒很脆弱”
虽然不少人“谈艾色变”，但经过海南省疾控中心艾滋病防治所所长何启亚一番风趣、生动的宣讲，让参会的领导、干部在欢笑中收获了不少新知识。
何启亚指出，其实艾滋病病毒很脆弱，离开人体后在外界会很快死亡。要造成传染，必须是含有艾滋病病毒的体液离开感染者后，在很短的时间内接触被感染者。常用的消毒剂大多可以杀灭HIV。
为了让大家学会防治艾滋病，何启亚还用生动的语言分别对艾滋病病毒的三种传播方式分别列举了“三道防线”法。
预防经性接触传递，何启亚指出，第一道防线就是不要与艾滋病患者有体液交换的性交；第二道防线即忠实于健康的性伴侣；如果确实存在多性伴侣的情况，建议使用第三道防线，即使用安全套，将体液进行物理隔离。
如何预防吸毒（血液）传播呢？何启亚说，第一道防线当然是远离毒品。如果不幸接触到了毒品，建议尽量用口服毒品，而不要使用注射器，这是第二道防线；实在已经到了要注射的地步，那就一定要用自己专用的注射器，避免在交叉使用中感染艾滋病，这是最后一道防线。
预防母婴传播的三道防线非常令人为难，但何启亚表示，女性艾滋患者并非不可以“当妈妈”。已经感染艾滋病病毒的妇女应该尽量避免怀孕，这是第一道防线。已经怀孕的感染者最好考虑在医生的指导下终止妊娠，这是第二道防线。如果一定要实现“当妈妈”的愿望，选择继续妊娠，感染者应该采取抗病毒药物干预以及剖宫产分娩等措施阻断传播。
此外，拥抱、握手、打喷嚏、咳嗽、蚊虫叮咬，甚至共用游泳池、马桶、卧具、办公用品、电话、工具以及共同进餐等正常接触都不会传染艾滋病病毒，因此市民不必过于“谈艾色变”。（记者 黄敏）
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AIDS cases in the province of Haikou resistance Ai third line of defense to keep in mind three
http://www.hq.xinhuanet.com 2010-11-14 10:33 Source: Haikou Network
December 1 this year, is the first of 23 "World AIDS Day", this year's promotional theme is "Stop AIDS, Keep the Promise", to deeper and more widely publicize AIDS knowledge, learning, recently, Haikou City, the fight against AIDS Policy lectures held in Haikou City, Haikou municipal government leaders in charge of various departments and district people's government, deputy head in charge of health work, and cadres at or above the city's Fu Keji about 450 people attended the lectures will be, the Deputy Mayor attended the Korea-US The forum.
Lectures by the Hainan Provincial Center for Disease Control AIDS Ho Kai, director of Asian speakers. Haikou Municipal Health Bureau will also produce the "prevention and control of AIDS Reader," and preach the disc, together with the "AIDS Prevention Act," distributed to the participants together for collective learning units.
Case ranks third in the province of Haikou
The virus that causes AIDS is called "human immunodeficiency virus", the English abbreviation for HIV, known as the AIDS virus.
Hainan Province in 1991, the first case of HIV infection, as of September 30, 2010, the cumulative reported HIV / AIDS 896 cases, of which 227 cases of patients; 634 cases are still alive. Workbook estimated using the method in 2009, the province the age group 15-49 the number of HIV infected 2549 people. The number of reported cases of top five counties were: Sanya (184 cases), Danzhou (177 cases), Haikou (125 cases), Le East (117 cases) and the Oriental (109 cases).
Overall, the province still on an upward trend in the epidemic, but the increase has slowed. Eastern cities and counties in Hainan Province to spread mainly through sexual contact, drug abuse spread to the main cities and counties in the western and central mountains to the input of the transmission main.
Meanwhile, the proportion of syringes spread of the highest drug use; But in recent years, the proportion of transmission by sexual contact was on the rise; particularly in Haikou, Sanya and other cities and counties, MSM transmission showed faster growth. In addition, the reported HIV / AIDS cases, the "mainlanders" who gradually increased.
Hainan District AIDS
Qi-Ya, said all regions of Hainan Province for the actual situation of AIDS, relevant departments of Hainan Province, also adopted a "separate treatment" approach.
In Haikou, Sanya, the health sector focus on strengthening the MSM (sexual contact among men short) population education and behavioral intervention. In the western and eastern coastal cities and counties a number of serious drug market towns, the focus on methadone maintenance treatment and needle exchange drugs to reduce the risk of transmission of injecting drug use. Tourist attractions in the eastern region, promoting the use of condoms in entertainment places measures in hotels and hotel rooms distributing promotional material, placing condoms in the restroom.
Cities and counties in the central mountains, mainly to establish disease surveillance networks, strengthening epidemic surveillance, training of professional and technical personnel, knowledge, good follow-up to control the epidemic growth of reserves and ranks.
"HIV is very fragile"
While many people "talk about Ai mere mention of", but after Hainan Province, He Qi, director of the CDC AIDS Asia some fun, lively lectures, so that participants in the leadership, cadres in the laughter, a lot of new knowledge in the harvest .
Ho Kai Asia point out that HIV is very fragile, and leave the human body in the outside world will soon die. To cause infection, must be left with the body fluids of HIV-infected person, in a very short time contact with infected persons. Most commonly used disinfectants can kill HIV.
To let everyone learn to fight AIDS, Dr. Ho Kai Asia were also used vivid language of the three modes of transmission of HIV, respectively, cited the "three lines of defense" law.
Prevention of transmission through sexual contact, He Qi Asia, the first line of defense is not to exchange body fluids of patients with AIDS sexual intercourse; second line of defense that is faithful to the health of sexual partners; if there is indeed more sexual partners, it is recommended to use the third line of defense, that the use of condoms, the fluid physical isolation.
How to prevent drug use (blood) spread it? Qi-Ya said that the first line of defense is of course away from drugs. If, unfortunately, exposed to the drug, suggested the best use of oral drugs, but do not use the syringe, which is the second line of defense; it has come to the point of injection, it must use its own dedicated syringe, to avoid cross-infection with the AIDS This is the last line of defense.
Prevention of mother to child transmission of the three lines of defense is very embarrassing, but Ho Kai Asia that women are not HIV patients can not "when his mother." Women already infected with HIV should avoid pregnancy, this is the first line of defense. Have been infected pregnant best to consider termination of pregnancy under the guidance of a doctor, this is the second line of defense. If we must achieve "a mother" the desire, choose to continue pregnancy, infection, and interventions should take antiviral drugs and other measures to block the spread of cesarean delivery.
In addition, hugging, shaking hands, sneezing, coughing, mosquito bites, and even sharing a swimming pool, toilet, bedding, office supplies, telephone, tools, and share meals and other normal contacts are not infected with HIV, so people do not have too much "about the mere mention Ai . " (Xinhua Huang Min) |
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