宋圭武观点97：对于社会科学研究而言，论文应是一个主要的业绩衡量项目

目前，我们说应不唯论文，其涵义不是不要论文，而是说我们要看到论文在业绩衡量方面的弊端问题。若不要论文，会导致更糟糕结果。因为论文相对于课题、获奖等，从平均水平看，其科研含金量更高一些，而课题、获奖等，则水分更大。

在没有最优解的情况下，我们只能追求次优解。凡事不能从一个极端走到另一个极端。世界上不存在不存在问题的制度。在制度选择中，我们只能两利相权取其大，两害相权取其小。

如何回避论文在业绩衡量方面的弊端，其中关键是要衡量论文的创新问题。没有创新，论文再多，也是水货。另外，还要严厉打击假冒伪劣论文。要建立严格的惩罚制度。另外，在论文衡量上，不同专业应体现不同的要求。比如，哲学和经济学，在论文要求上，多少应有一些区别。

从长远和根本看，解决论文问题，关键还是道德建设。一个缺德的社会，要靠制度很难，因为在缺德的情况下，任何制度最终都会被机会主义所蚕食。德为本，其次才是制度。如何实现德为本，关键在文化建设。尤其文化需要有敬畏意识。没有敬畏意识的文化，必然天不怕、地不怕，制度约束作用必然很有限。在这种情况下，越是胆大投机者，利润回报越丰厚，越是诚实谨慎者，越是吃亏者，最终社会形成逆淘汰。

好，谢谢，谢谢。

Song Guiwu's opinion 97: For social science research, thesis should be a main performance measurement project

At present, we say should not only thesis, its meaning is not to do not want a thesis, but that we should see the thesis in performance measurement of the malpractice problems.If not a thesis, will lead to worse results.Because the thesis relative to the subject, awards, etc., from the average level, the scientific research gold content is higher, and the subject, awards, etc., is more water.In the absence of the optimal solution, we can only pursue sub-optimal solution.Everything can not go from one extreme to another extreme.There is no system in the world without problems.In the system selection, we can only take the greater the two benefits, the smaller the two harms.How to avoid the thesis in performance measurement of the malpractice, the key is to measure the innovative problem of the thesis.Without innovation, no matter how many papers, is also a fake goods.In addition, but also to crack down on fake papers.To establish a strict punishment system.In addition, in the thesis measurement, different majors should reflect different requirements.For example, philosophy and economics, in the thesis requirements, there should be some differences.In the long run and fundamentally, to solve the problem of thesis, the key is moral construction. In a society lacking morality, it is difficult to rely on institutions, because in the absence of morality, any institution will eventually be eroded by opportunism.Morality is the foundation, followed by institutions.To achieve morality-based, the key is cultural construction.In particular, culture needs to have a sense of awe.Without a sense of awe, a culture will be unafraid of heaven and earth, and the role of institutions will be limited.In this case, the more bold speculators, the more profitable returns, the more honest and prudent people, the more losers, and eventually the society will form negative selection.OK, thank you, thank you.