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“阴滋病”、“恐艾症”与“沉默的瘟疫”
2011年04月08日 14:03:13 来源： 新华网
新华网北京４月８日电（记者张小军）近日，国内一些网络论坛出现所谓“阴性艾滋病”的网帖。发帖者说，他们的身体出现疑似艾滋病症状。虽然在血液检测中没有发现艾滋病病毒，但他们仍然担心染上了艾滋病或受到其他不明病原体侵袭。
有专家说，这些患者中可能有些人患上了“艾滋病恐惧症”，或称“恐艾症”，并且担心这种恐惧在极端情况下发展成为一种危害社会正常秩序的瘟疫。
恐惧症是一种精神官能症，发病者对某些事物或情境会产生莫名的恐惧。纵使当事者明知不会受到伤害，也无法控制恐惧的情绪。与疾病相关的恐惧症中，癌症和艾滋病是最常被提到的病种。
艾滋病是一种恶性传染病，人们对它心存恐惧是可以理解的。不过，“恐艾症”患者的担心是过激的。在美国发现的“恐艾症”病例中，有些患者的生活完全被恐惧控制。他们反复进行艾滋病病毒测试，在所有结果都是阴性后，却仍然坚信自己患上了艾滋病，并找出种种理由解释其检测结果正常的原因。美国网友“ＣＥＬＬ１１３８”就是一个例子。
在名为“医疗帮助”的一家美国网站上，每月有１２００万人咨询健康问题。“ＣＥＬＬ１１３８”在这家网站的艾滋病预防社区发帖说，自己有过艾滋病高危行为。当发现身体有小病变时，他开始担心染上了艾滋病。虽然不同医院的测试结果都是未感染艾滋病病毒，但他在帖子中详细列出身体的每一处小毛病，证明自己确有艾滋病。在帖子末尾，他写道：“请帮忙！”
“恐艾症”等恐惧症的病因至今没有确定的解释，但国际医学界对此有多种猜测。首先是基因决定说，有专家认为，部分人的基因决定了他们更容易患上“恐艾症”；其次是心理决定说，这种观点认为，部分人在参与了艾滋病高危活动后，心中感到内疚，并进而认为患上艾滋病是自己错误行为必然的结果，不可能逃避；另外还有文化决定说等。
少数人患上恐惧症对于社会来说并不可怕，真正令人担心的是更多的人在“集合行为”影响下陷入恐惧。这种集体性恐惧在严重情况下，可能发展成“沉默的瘟疫”，破坏正常的社会秩序。
“集合行为”指不受现有社会规范控制的人数众多的自发的无组织行为。前一段时间，日本核电站事故导致中国民众抢购食盐、美国民众抢购碘片，就是非理性“集合行为”的典型例子。
治疗具体某个“恐艾症”患者可能是困难的，因为目前没有特效药。但是，防止“恐艾症”瘟疫是有办法的，那就是相信科学，相信当今的艾滋病病毒检验方法非常准确，值得信赖。
艾滋病不治会早死，早治才康复 艾滋病不治会早死，早治才康复 艾滋病不治会早死，早治才康复 艾滋病不治会早死，早治才康复
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| 图示∶2010年12月即将出版的《中国特色医疗金鉴》登载的刘君主任及其机构 |
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"Yin AIDS", "fear of AIDS disease" and the "silent epidemic"
April 8, 2011 14:03:13 Source: Xinhua
Xinhua Beijing April 8 (Xinhua Zhang Xiaojun) Recently, some domestic network forum so-called "negative AIDS," the net posts. The poster said they had suspicions of physical symptoms of AIDS. Although not found in the blood of HIV testing, but they still worry about being infected with AIDS or other unknown pathogens invasion.
Some experts said that some of these patients may be suffering from "AIDS phobia", or "fear of AIDS disease", and worry about this fear, in extreme cases develop into a plague against the normal order of society.
Phobia is a kind of neurosis, the incidence of certain things or situations who will be creating a sense of fear. Even though they knew the parties would not be harmed, can not control the emotions of fear. Fear associated with the disease, cancer and AIDS are the most frequently mentioned disease.
AIDS is a vicious disease, people feel fear, it is understandable. However, the "fear of AIDS disease" patients worry is radical. In the United States found in the "fear of AIDS disease" cases, some patients fear of life is completely controlled. They repeated HIV testing, after all results were negative, but still convinced that he was suffering from AIDS, and identify a variety of reasons to explain the reasons for their test results normal. U.S. Netizen "CELL1138" is an example.
In the name of "medical help" a U.S. site, there are 1,200 people per month consulting health problems. "CELL1138" in AIDS prevention in this community posting site, said that he had AIDS in high-risk behavior. When found the body of a small lesion, he began to worry about contracting AIDS. Although the test results of different hospitals are not infected with HIV, but he listed in detail in the post every ailment of the body to prove he does have AIDS. In the post at the end, he wrote: "Please help!"
"Fear of AIDS disease" and fear has not determined the cause of the explanation, but there are several international medical community to this speculation. The first is genetically determined, said some experts believe that some people are genetically more susceptible to their "fear of AIDS disease"; followed by the psychological decision, said this view, some people involved in the AIDS high-risk activities in the post, I feel guilt, and thus that the risk of AIDS is the inevitable result of their misconduct can not escape; decided that in addition to culture and so on.
For the small number of people suffering from social phobia is not terrible, the real worry is that more people in the "collection of acts" under the influence into fear. This collective fear in serious cases, may develop into a "silent epidemic", disruption of normal social order.
"A collection of acts" against the existing social norms that control a large number of spontaneous and disorganized behavior. Some time ago, the Japanese nuclear power plant accident led to the Chinese people rush to buy salt, buy iodine American people is irrational "behavior sets" a typical example.
Specific treatment of a "fear of AIDS disease" patients may be difficult, because there is no cure. However, to prevent the "fear of AIDS disease" plague is there a way, that is, believe in science, I believe that today's HIV testing method is very accurate and reliable.
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