罗马尼亚吸毒青年艾滋泛滥


罗马尼亚吸毒青年艾滋泛滥
2010-09-16 10:59    来源:环球网论坛  

  照片中,这位才24岁的罗马尼亚妇女面容苍老,她说自己以偷窃为生。在布加勒斯特,70%的吸毒者都是无业游民,很多人通过从事性交易来维持自己或伴侣的吸毒费用。约有30%的妓女承认自己吸食海洛因,这使得她们更容易感染性传播疾病(STIs)。ARAS的工作人员卢卡表示:“一个晚上的突击抽查就能查出四位艾滋病检测呈阳性的女孩。”

  由于不断蔓延的注射吸毒行为,东欧已经成为世界上艾滋病传播最快的区域之一,而罗马尼亚之所以幸免遇难,大部分功劳要归功于那些为吸毒者分发清洁注射器的非政府组织。但是随着经济的不景气,相应的健康预算锐减,国际投资减少,社会活动家们担心这种清洁针具的发放工作将陷入终结

  马里安在28岁的时候因为一次痛饮而感到不适,一位朋友为了止痛给他注射了海洛因,从此以后,他便成瘾了。马里安今年已经42岁了,带着两个孩子和其他五个人同住在一间公寓里,他还有一个儿子,18岁的时候死于吸毒过量。他现在每天至少要注射四次。

  马里安的一位朋友正在注射毒品。在罗马尼亚抗艾协会(ARAS)所服务的吸毒对象中,有80%的人都被查出感染了丙型肝炎,因为这种疾病非常容易到处传播,很明显这些人都在共用吸毒工具,这其中甚至包括用来溶解海洛因的药水瓶。资金削减意味着ARAS不得不停止提供这种药水瓶、绷带以及酒精衬垫,绷带和衬垫是用来治疗因重复注射带来的肉体创伤。

  马里安表示自己有过戒毒的念头,但资金短缺意味着每年只能有几百人接受毒品替代治疗方案。马里安将这份治疗方案如同圣经一般的供在厨房桌子上,期望能从中获得一些勇气。

  2009年罗马尼亚的非政府组织一共发放了将近170万只干净的注射器。为了安抚警察和其他不吸毒的人,并降低吸毒者重复使用注射器的风险,NGO收集并销毁了已经使用过的注射器,以防止这些针具被随便扔到大街上,因为有些吸毒者捡到这些变钝的注射器后会在水泥地上磨锋利以后,再接着使用。

  在经济条件好转的时候,罗马尼亚抗艾协会每个星期会向吸毒者发放350只注射器。但随着国际捐赠者陆续撤出罗马尼亚,该组织现在只给每位使用者发放10只注射器。马里安和他的朋友们必须共用使用过的针具,但他也知道这栋楼里有很多人感染有艾滋或丙型肝炎,于是每次注射前,他必须让朋友们以孩子的性命来发誓自己是干净。

  刚开始注射毒品的瘾君子一般会选择胳膊和腿上的静脉进行注射,但随着注射次数的增多,静脉会逐渐萎缩,这时候他们被迫从头上、脚趾上和腹股沟处的功能血管进行注射,针头也会变得越来越钝,当尝试了几次还刺不进去的时候,他们就需要换一只新的注射器。对于马里安来说,他一般需要捅坏十只注射器才能找到一条能注射的血管。

  为了追求更强烈的刺激,瘾君子经常会将海洛因和一些非处方药物或甲氧麻黄酮(mephedrone)这类非法兴奋剂一起混用。照片中这位从事性服务的女性正在嚎叫着,马里安准备给她再打上一针,这已经是她两个小时内的第三次注射了。毒瘾发作时,她喜欢拉扯自己的头发,现在她头顶上的头发已经被扯掉了一大块。

  一位住在罗马尼亚费伦塔利贫民窟中的男子就当着孩子的面注射海洛因。这样的情形在这里比比皆是,很多孩子甚至将毒品视为日常生活的一部分。

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    The photo, the only 24-year-old Romanian women face old, she said that in order to steal their livelihood. In Bucharest, 70% of drug users are vagrants, many people by engaging in the sex trade to support themselves and their partner's drug costs. About 30% of the prostitutes admitted to taking heroin, which makes them more vulnerable to sexually transmitted infections (STIs).
    ARAS staff Luca said: "A night spot checks will be able to identify the four HIV-positive girls."

    As the spreading behavior of injecting drug use in Eastern Europe has become the world's fastest growing region of HIV transmission is one of the reason why Romania survived, and much credit is due those who distribute clean syringes to drug users of non-governmental organizations.
    But with the economic downturn, the corresponding sharp drop in the health budget, to reduce international investment, social activists are worried that clean needles will fall into the end of the distribution



    Marian at the age of 28 because of a swig sick, a friend gave him injections for pain heroin, since then, he addicted. Marian has been 42 years old this year, with two children and five other individuals living in an apartment, he had a son, 18 years old died from a drug overdose.
    He is now injected at least four times a day.



    Marian is a friend of injecting drug. Romanian Association against AIDS (ARAS) the service of drug targets, 80% of people have been found infected with hepatitis C, because this disease is spreading everywhere, Rong Yi, very clear that these people are Gongyongxidu tools, which including even the medicine bottle is used to dissolve heroin.
    Funding cuts mean that ARAS had to stop providing the drug bottle, bandages and alcohol pads, bandages and pads are used to treat due to physical trauma caused by repeated injections.



    Marian said he had the idea of drug treatment, but lack of funds means that only a few hundred people each year receiving drug substitution treatment.
    Marian will be the treatment as usual for the Bible on the kitchen table, hoping to get some courage from.



    2009 Romanian non-governmental organizations issued a total of nearly 1.7 million clean syringes. In order to appease the police and other people who are not drug addicts, and reducing the risks of drug re-use syringes, NGO to collect and destroy the already used syringes to prevent the needle was easily thrown the streets, because some drug users had found the
    after blunt syringe sharp grinding after the concrete floor, then went on to use.



    In a time when economic conditions improve, the Romanian Association of Anti-AI drug users each week to the payment of 350 syringes. But with the ongoing withdrawal of international donors, Romania, which is now only issued to each user 10 in the syringe. Marian and his friends must share used needles, but he also knows that this building, many people infected with HIV or hepatitis C, so each injection, he must make friends with the child's life to
    swear that he is a clean.



    The beginning of injecting drug addicts usually choose arms and legs of intravenous injections, but with the increase in the number of injections, vein will gradually shrink, this time they were forced from the head, toes and groin injecting the functions of blood vessels , the needle will become more and more blunt, when you try a number of tattoos does not go in, they will need for a new syringe.
    For Marian, he usually takes stab the bad 10 to find a syringe can be injected in the blood vessels.



    For a more intense stimulus will be heroin addicts, and some over the counter medicines regularly or methoxy Ma flavonoids (mephedrone) mixed together in such illegal stimulants. Photos of the sexual services of women are howling, Marian ready for her call back on a needle, it's her third time within two hours injected.
    Drug seizures, she likes pulling his hair, and now the hair on her head had been ripped off a chunk.



    Who lived in slums 罗马尼亚费伦 Tully man on the front of the children injected with heroin.
    Such cases abound here, many children and even drug as part of everyday life.