回答恐艾者最关心的二十个问题


回答恐艾者最关心的二十个问题
对于那些整日忧心忡忡、生活在对艾滋病恐惧中的人们来说,最佳的心理疏导办法,就是让他们更全面地了解有关艾滋病的知识。
1、急性期常见症状有哪些?

  艾滋病病毒感染早期,亦称急性期,多数无症状,但有一部分病人在感染数天至数周时,出现像流感或传染性单核细胞增多症样症状,如发热、寒战、关节疼、肌肉疼、头疼、咽痛、腹泻、皮疹等。

  2、去哪里检测?

  本市各大综合医院、北京地坛医院、北京佑安医院、市区县疾病预防控制中心、性病防治机构等都可以提供艾滋病病毒抗体检测服务。

  3、用试纸自测的准确率高吗?

  只要是正规厂家生产的试剂,并且自测时操作方法正确,一般都还是比较准确的。但建议还是去正规或者专门的检测机构进行检测。

  4、是不是快速法自测不准确呢?

  只要是检测操作方法正确,并且试剂质量有保证,大多数情况检测也是比较准确的,不过一般还是建议去正规机构检测。

  5、检测可能出现假阳或假阴吗?

  任何方法都有可能出现假阳性和假阴性。

  6、 什么是空窗期?

  人体受到艾滋病病毒感染后,病毒激发人体免疫系统产生抗体,抗体达到一定数量时,可在血液及其它体液中测出。从感染艾滋病病毒到抗体可测出这段时间称为“窗口期”或“空窗期”。

  7、窗口期一般多长时间?

  窗口期一般为2周至3个月。

  8、检测是血检还是尿检?

  常用血检,更准确。

  9、检测4周为阴可以排除吗?

  大致可以排除,建议3个月时再测一次。

  10、一般什么时候可以拿到检测结果?

  视不同的方法和检测单位的工作效率而定。对于抗体检测,快速法大约需要20—30分钟,用酶联法一般第二天可以取。确认试验和病毒载量时间要长些,一般数天。

  11、安全套可以防治艾滋病毒的传播吗?

  绝大多数情况下安全套都可以有效预防艾滋病传播,不过只针对性传播途径有效。

  12、使用了安全套,但我的包皮过长,会感染吗?

  使用了安全套,只要方法正确,安全套没有破损,很难感染,与包皮过长无关。

  13、急性期症状一般什么时候出现?

  一般在感染后数天至数周。

  14、吃药可以缓解急性期症状吗?

  比较困难。

  15、高危后吃阻断药物有效吗?

  72小时内有效,最好是24小时内服用,而且越早越好。

  16、艾滋病是不是性病?

  艾滋病属于性传播疾病的一种,但是不一定每个人的艾滋病都是性途径感染的。

  17、目前的试剂可以检测出所有类型的艾滋病毒吗?

  不能。

  18、艾滋病潜伏期或无症状期有多长?

  艾滋病病毒侵入人体后一部分人出现流感样或传染性单核细胞增多症样症状,一些人一直无症状,直接进入无症状期。艾滋病潜伏期的长短个体差异极大,一般为6-10年,但是有大约5%-15%的人在2-3年内就进展为艾滋病,称为快速进展者,另外还有5%的患者其免疫功能可以维持正常达12年以上,我们称为长期不进展者。

  19、为什么口交也较易传播艾滋病?

  因为一方难免有牙龈炎、口腔溃疡等口腔常见病;另一方的外生殖器又难免在口交时被对方的牙齿划伤。

  20、怎样预防经血液传播艾滋病?

  首先要避免使用血液或血制品,必须使用时,要使用经艾滋病抗体检测的血液和血制品;避免不必要的静脉注射,使用一次性或经过严格消毒的输液器。不使用毒品,不与他人共用牙刷、剃须刀等用品,不到消毒不严格的理发店、美容院剃须、修脚、文身等。
 

Ai replied fear were most concerned about the issue of 20
For those worried about all day, living in fear of AIDS in people, the best psychological approach, is to allow a more comprehensive understanding of their AIDS-related knowledge.
1, acute phase of common symptoms of what?

Early stage of HIV infection, also known as the acute phase, the majority of asymptomatic, but some infected patients a few days to several weeks, like influenza or infectious mononucleosis-like symptoms such as fever, chills, joint pain, muscle pain, headache, pharyngodynia, diarrhea, skin rash.

2, where detection?

The city's major general hospital, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Beijing佑安Hospital, City District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, STD prevention and control organizations and can provide services to HIV antibody testing.

3, the accuracy of self-rated paper with a high rate of it?

As long as it is formal reagent manufacturers, and self-test when the operation is correct, it is generally more accurate. However, the recommendations or to test formal or specialized institutions for testing.

4, rapid method is not self-test was accurate?

Detection method of operation as long as they are correct, and reagent quality assurance, in most cases is also more accurate detection, but generally recommend testing to formal institutions.

5, detection of possible false positive or false negative it?

Have in any way possible false positive and false negative.

6, What is the window?

The human body after infection by HIV, the virus to stimulate the body's immune system to produce antibodies to achieve a certain amount may be in the blood and other body fluids to detect. From HIV infection to the antibody can be detected during the period known as the "window period" or a "window period."

7, generally how long the window period?

Window period is generally 2 weeks to 3 months.

8, detection is a blood or urine test?

Commonly used blood tests, more accurate.

9, detection of 4 weeks you may be excluded for the negative?

Can generally be ruled out, it is recommended 3 months time when the test-retest.

10, when the general can get test results?

Depending on the method and the efficiency of detection units may be. For antibody detection, rapid method takes about 20-30 minutes, using enzyme-linked can be chosen in general the next day. Confirmed that viral load testing and a longer time, generally several days.

11, condoms can be the spread of HIV it?

The vast majority of cases, condoms are effective in preventing the spread of AIDS, but focused only effective route of transmission.

12, the use of a condom, but my foreskin is too long, you will be infected?

The use of condoms, as long as the method correctly, condoms are not broken, it is difficult to infection, has nothing to do with the foreskin is too long.

13, the acute phase when symptoms generally appear?

In general after infection a few days to several weeks.

14, medication can ease symptoms of acute phase it?

More difficult.

15, after the food blocked the high-risk drug effective?

Is valid for 72 hours, preferably within 24 hours of use, and the sooner the better.

16, AIDS is not sexually transmitted diseases?

AIDS is a sexually transmitted disease, but not necessarily everyone's AIDS infections are sexually.

17, the present reagent can detect all types of HIV virus do?

Can not.

18, incubation period of AIDS or how long asymptomatic period?

AIDS virus invaded the human body part or influenza-like infectious mononucleosis-like symptoms, some people have been asymptomatic, directly into the asymptomatic period. AIDS incubation period of great individual differences in the length, usually 6-10 years, but there are about 5% -15% of the people on the progress in the 2-3 years for AIDS, known as rapid progressors, as well as 5% of patients normal immune function can be maintained for more than 12 years, we called the long-term non-progressors.

19, why oral sex is also more prone to the spread of AIDS?

Because it is inevitable that one of gingivitis, oral ulcers and other oral diseases; the other side of the genitalia and oral sex is inevitable in each other's teeth when he was scratched.

20, How to prevent the spread of AIDS through blood?

First of all, to avoid the use of blood or blood products must be used when the use of AIDS antibody testing of blood and blood products; avoid unnecessary intravenous injection, or the use of disposable infusion set strict disinfection. Do not use drugs, do not share toothbrushes, razors and other supplies, not less than rigorous disinfection of barber shops, beauty salon shaving, pedicure, tattoos and so on.