宋圭武观点53：探索建设大经济学

个人认为，经济学应探索建立大经济学范畴，以应对世界经济大变局。下面谈点看法，供大家参考。

大经济学的目标是要追求大均衡。所谓大均衡，不仅是经济系统的均衡，更是经济、社会、自然等系统资源配置的全面均衡，不仅是短期均衡，更是可持续发展的长期均衡。

大经济学需要树立大财富观。大财富包括物质的丰裕、身体的健康、心理的舒适、精神的愉悦、美好的环境等多方面。

大经济学需要坚持劳动价值论。劳动价值论，是真正科学的价值论，体现了人的世界和财富世界最本质的联系，也为克服劳动的异化提供了正道，也是实现经济大均衡的价值论基础。

大经济学需要坚持节俭经济学。凯恩斯所谓“节俭的悖论”是一个理论误区。节俭并不是总需求减少，从长期看，只是需求在不同时间段的重新配置。

大经济学所倡导的经济发展要更加注重幸福度的提高。要把GDP目标放在次要的考虑位置。

大经济学要提倡把就业放在更重要的位置。经济政策取向要更加注重就业问题。就业均衡是比利润均衡更深刻的均衡，也是真正以人为本的均衡，更符合大均衡的要求。

大经济学需要坚持经济大动力观。不仅要注重要素层面的推动力，更要注重制度层面和人文精神层面的推动力。要素动力是表层动力，制度动力是中层动力，人文精神是深层动力。三层动力，互相耦合，互相嵌套，形成合力推动经济增长和发展。

大经济学需要以大学科为理论支撑。大经济学的学科基础是自然科学、人文科学、社会科学的有机综合。

大经济学需要更多立足于大数据分析。

在大经济学背景下，客观需要政府经济职能发挥更加精准和更加注重全局性和长期性。

在产业发展方面，大经济学需要坚持重农主义思路。

大经济学应是具有国别特色的。经济学是最离不开实践基础的学科。而各国的实践基础，本质是有差别的。各国也应有自己特殊的大经济学，用以指导本国的经济实践。

大经济学所要求的国际经济学，应体现合作、和平、共赢、自主等发展理念。面对全球化的困境和风险，大经济学也要求一个国家既要积极对外开放，反对闭关锁国，也要具有经济发展体系的相对独立性，要尽力消除依附性，以应对可能产生的各种风险。

大经济学在研究方法上需要既注重定量分析，也要注重定性分析。

大经济学所要求的经济学教材应体现开放性、简洁性、综合性等特点。

五大发展新理念是大经济学研究需要坚持的五大正确方向。

好，谢谢，谢谢。

Song Guiwu's Viewpoint 53: Explore and Build Macroeconomics

Personally, economics should explore and build the category of macroeconomics to cope with the great changes in the world economy.The following views are for your reference. The goal of macroeconomics is to pursue the great equilibrium.The so-called great equilibrium is not only the equilibrium of the economic system, but also the comprehensive equilibrium of the economic, social and natural system resources allocation, not only the short-term equilibrium, but also the long-term equilibrium of sustainable development. Macroeconomics needs to establish the concept of great wealth.Great wealth includes material abundance, physical health, psychological comfort, spiritual happiness, beautiful environment and many other aspects. Macroeconomics needs to adhere to the theory of labor values.The theory of labor values is a truly scientific theory of value, which reflects the most essential connection between the world of people and the world of wealth, and also provides a straight path to overcome the alienation of labor, as well as the theoretical basis for achieving the great economic equilibrium. Macroeconomics needs to adhere to frugal economics.The so-called "paradox of thrift" by Keynes is a theoretical misunderstanding.Thrift is not a reduction of aggregate demand, but in the long run, it is only a redistribution of demand in different periods of time. The economic development advocated by macroeconomics should pay more attention to the improvement of happiness.The goal of GDP should be put in a secondary position. Macroeconomics should advocate that employment should be put in a more important position. Economic policy orientation should pay more attention to employment.Employment equilibrium is a more profound equilibrium than profit equilibrium, and it is also a truly people-oriented equilibrium, which is more in line with the requirements of the grand equilibrium. Macroeconomics needs to adhere to the concept of economic driving forces.It should not only pay attention to the driving force at the factor level, but also pay attention to the driving force at the institutional level and the humanistic spirit level.The factor driving force is the surface driving force, the institutional driving force is the medium-level driving force, and the humanistic spirit is the deep-level driving force.The three driving forces are coupled and nested with each other, forming a synergy to promote economic growth and development. Macroeconomics needs to be supported by the theory of large sciences.The discipline foundation of macroeconomics is an organic synthesis of natural sciences, humanities and social sciences. Macroeconomics needs to be more based on big data analysis. In the context of macroeconomics, it is necessary for the government to play a more precise economic function and pay more attention to the overall and long-term nature. In terms of industrial development, macroeconomics needs to adhere to the idea of physiocracy. Macroeconomics should be characteristic of countries.Economics is the discipline that cannot be separated from the practical basis.The practical basis of each country is different in nature.Each country should also have its own special macroeconomics to guide its economic practice. The international economics required by macroeconomics should reflect the development concepts of cooperation, peace, win-win and independence. Facing the difficulties and risks of globalization, macroeconomics also requires a country to actively open to the outside world and oppose isolation, but also to have a relatively independent economic development system, and try to eliminate dependence in order to deal with all kinds of possible risks. Macroeconomics should pay attention to both quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis in research methods. Economics textbooks required by macroeconomics should embody the characteristics of openness, simplicity and comprehensiveness. The five new development concepts are the five correct directions that the study of macroeconomics should adhere to. OK, thank you, thank you.