联合国报告说亚太地区艾滋病防治处于关键时刻
2011年08月26日 23:18:25 来源： 新华网
新华网首尔８月２６日电（记者陈怡）联合国艾滋病规划署２６日在韩国发布的报告说，尽管亚太地区防治艾滋病成果显著，但由于对高危人群关注不够充分、资金不够充裕等原因，亚太地区艾滋病防治前景依然处于关键时刻。
当天，这份题为《亚太艾滋病：清零》的报告在韩国釜山举行的第十届亚太艾滋病大会上发表。报告认为，亚太地区接受艾滋病相关服务的人数较以往大为增加，自２００１年以来新增感染病例减少了２０％，２００６年以来患者中接受抗逆转录病毒疗法的人增加至原来的３倍，但在普及预防、治疗、关爱和帮助患者等方面，许多国家距目标甚远。
联合国艾滋病规划署执行主任米歇尔·西迪贝说，如果亚太地区要实现艾滋病感染者“零增加”的目标，就应以现有的证据和科学为基础，在国家层面进行应对。艾滋病规划必须以充足的财源为后盾，并集中用于高危人群。今天的投入将会为未来带来数十倍的回报。
据统计，２００９年亚太地区共有４９０万名艾滋病病毒感染者，这个数字自２００５年以来相对稳定，感染者主要在柬埔寨、中国、印度、印度尼西亚、马来西亚、缅甸、尼泊尔、巴基斯坦、巴布亚新几内亚、泰国和越南１１个国家。
报告指出，２００１年至２００９年期间，亚太地区新增艾滋病感染病例从４５万减至３６万。其中，柬埔寨、印度、缅甸和泰国由于对性工作者实施了集中、广泛的预防措施，降幅尤为显著。自２００６年至２００９年年底，本地区感染者中接受抗逆转录病毒疗法的人数增至７４万人，新增儿童感染者则下降了１５％。
但是，到２００９年年底，亚太地区仍有６０％以上必需人群未能得到抗逆转录病毒治疗，柬埔寨是唯一能向８０％以上必需人群提供这一疗法的国家。防止新增儿童感染病例的服务依然低于全球平均水平，这个情况在南亚尤为突出。
报告说，亚太地区新增艾滋病感染者依然集中在性交易者、吸毒者、男同性恋、变性者等高危人群，针对高危人群及其伴侣的保护措施并没有充分实施。多数国家对艾滋病患者和高危人群的歧视依然非常普遍，存在着妨碍患者和高危人群接受防治的惩罚性法规。
数据显示，亚太地区相当大比例的新增艾滋病感染病例是２５岁以下的年轻人，大多数情况下，在高危年轻人中并未有效推广艾滋病预防措施。
报告认为亚太地区的艾滋病防治资金不足。２００９年，亚太３０个国家和地区的抗艾支出共计１１亿美元，仅为实现普及抗艾目标所需资金的三分之一，针对高危人群的预防支出尤其少。尽管中国、马来西亚、巴基斯坦、萨摩亚、泰国等国自行筹措大部分抗艾资金，很多国家依然严重依赖外援，尤其是抗逆转录病毒药物。
国际援助资金的减少也在威胁着亚太地区的抗艾努力，２００９年，国际抗艾援助１０年来首次“原地踏步”，２０１０年甚至减少。报告认为，亚太地区各国、尤其是中等收入国家逐步增加自筹资金比重，对本地区目前防治艾滋病十分关键。
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| 图示∶2011年5月正式出版的《中国特色医疗金鉴》登载的刘君主任及其机构事迹 |
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UN report says AIDS Asia-Pacific region at a critical juncture
August 26, 2011 23:18:25 Source: Xinhua
SEOUL, August 26 (Reporter Chen Yi) 26 UNAIDS report released in South Korea, Asia-Pacific AIDS despite remarkable achievements, but because of inadequate attention to high-risk groups, funding is not sufficient and other reasons, the Asia-Pacific Regional outlook for AIDS is still at a critical juncture.
Day report, entitled "Asia-Pacific AIDS: clear," the report in Busan, South Korea at the Tenth Asia-Pacific Conference on AIDS published. Report that the Asia-Pacific region the number of people receiving HIV-related services than in the past has greatly increased since 2001 to reduce new infections by 20% since 2006 in patients receiving antiretroviral therapy increased from the original 3-fold, However, universal access to prevention, treatment, care and help patients and so many countries far away from the target.
UNAIDS Executive Director Michel Sidibe said that if the Asia-Pacific region to achieve the AIDS "zero increase" the goal, it should be based on available evidence and scientific basis, at the national level to deal with. AIDS programs must be backed by adequate financial resources, and focused on high-risk groups. Today's investment will bring the number of times for future returns.
According to statistics, in 2009 the Asia Pacific region total 4.9 million HIV-infected persons, this figure has been relatively stable since 2005, infections were mainly in Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, Thailand and Vietnam 11 countries.
The report notes that from 2001 to 2009 period, new HIV infections in Asia Pacific from 450,000 to 36 million. Among them, Cambodia, India, Myanmar and Thailand because of the sex workers implemented a centralized, comprehensive preventive measures, a decline is particularly significant. From 2006 to the end of 2009, the region infected antiretroviral therapy increased the number of 74 million new infections of children decreased by 15%.
However, by the end of 2009, more than 60% of Asia-Pacific region still has not been necessary for people with antiretroviral therapy, Cambodia is the only necessary for people to more than 80% of the country to offer this therapy. Prevent new infections of children services is still below the global average, to highlight the situation in Nanya You.
Reported that new HIV infections in Asia Pacific is still focused on sex workers, drug users, gay, transgender and other high-risk groups, risk groups and their partners for protection and not fully implemented. Most state high-risk groups for AIDS patients and discrimination is still very common, that impeded prevention and treatment of patients receiving high-risk groups and punitive regulations.
Data show that a large proportion of the Asia-Pacific region's new HIV cases are young people under the age of 25, in most cases, not effective in high-risk young people to promote AIDS prevention measures.
Report that the Asia-Pacific AIDS underfunded. 2009, 30 countries and regions, the Asia-Pacific anti-AIDS expenditures amounted to $ 1.1 billion, achieve universal access to anti-AIDS only target one-third of the funds needed for high-risk groups, especially the prevention of spending less. While China, Malaysia, Pakistan, Samoa, Thailand and other countries raise their own funds the majority of anti-AIDS, many countries are still heavily dependent on foreign aid, especially anti-retroviral drugs.
The reduction of international aid are threatening the region's anti-Ainu force in 2009, the international anti-AIDS assistance for the first time in 10 years, "marking time" in 2010 or even declined. Report that the Asia-Pacific countries, especially middle-income countries to gradually increase the proportion of self-financing, this region is critical to the fight against AIDS.
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