抗HIV药物可有效保护未感染者 被誉为艾滋病防治中的一项突破性进

　　http://www.gmw.cn2011-07-15 08:16:33来源：科学时报

　　在肯尼亚进行的“伙伴PrEP”项目证明了给未感染HIV的人服用抗逆转录病毒药物可能会破坏AIDS的异性性接触传播。（图片提供：华盛顿大学）

　　本报讯对于艾滋病（AIDS）病毒（HIV）来说，7月13日绝对是一个坏日子。这一天同时宣布的在撒哈拉以南非洲进行的两项研究成果第一次表明，未感染艾滋病的男性和女性每天服用抗HIV药物能够在异性性行为中防止感染这种病毒。这两项研究被公共卫生官员广泛赞誉为HIV防治中的一项“突破性进展”，它们为延缓这种致命病毒在全世界3400万艾滋病感染者中的传播增添了强有力的新工具。

　　领导其中一项大型研究的美国西雅图市华盛顿大学的流行病学家Jared Baeten表示：“我们今天提供的证据异常给力。我们非常激动。”为美国疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）协调另一项研究的流行病学家Lynn Paxton则认为：“对于这一成果而言，‘令人兴奋’这个词显得太低调了。”

　　过去的两天里，这种兴奋与激动被全世界收到这两项接触前预防（PrEP）研究结果简报的从事HIV/AIDS研究的科学家所分享。

　　CDC和华盛顿大学之所以决定在7月13日联合发布他们的研究成果，是因为Baeten和他的同事——其所从事的这项研究名为“伙伴PrEP”项目——在7月10日收获了一个意外的惊喜。为了防止偏见，研究人员在项目结束前都不会透露试验结果，其间，一个独立的委员会会间或审查数据，以确保项目的安全性和效果。该委员会建议，这项研究可以放弃安慰组研究，并为所有未被感染的受试者提供治疗。

　　“伙伴PrEP”项目于2008年7月启动，并在肯尼亚与乌干达招募了4758对一方被HIV感染的伴侣。研究人员将这些伴侣分为三组，建议第一组未感染艾滋病病毒的一方每日服用抗逆转录病毒药物泰诺福韦，第二组未感染艾滋病病毒的一方每日服用泰诺福韦与恩曲他滨合剂，第三组未感染艾滋病病毒的一方每日仅服用安慰剂。实验证明，第一组和第二组参加实验者中未感染艾滋病病毒的一方感染艾滋病病毒的几率较第三组分别低62％和73％。

　　CDC的新的PrEP数据来自于一项名为TDF2的实验。TDF2在博茨瓦纳招募了1219名彼此不是伴侣的男性和女性。经过6年的研究，科学家发现，未感染艾滋病病毒者服用抗逆转录病毒药物，感染艾滋病病毒的风险降低63％。

　　对此，联合国艾滋病规划署（UNAIDS）执行主任Michel Sidibe指出，研究证明抗逆转录病毒药物可大幅降低艾滋病病毒感染几率，这是抗艾滋病斗争的重要突破。

　　世界卫生组织（WHO）总干事陈冯富珍当天也表示，全球急需有效预防艾滋病的武器，美国有关机构的实验对预防异性间艾滋病传播起到重要作用。世卫组织将与各国一道利用这一发现保护更多男女，防止他们感染艾滋病病毒。

　　美国加利福尼亚大学旧金山分校的病毒学家Robert Grant强调，人们需要更多的选择以预防HIV的传播，而最近取得的这些研究成果必须尽快付诸实施。Grant说：“我们需要有更多的资源投入到与HIV的战争中去。与其他防务和安全问题相比，这项行动所需的资金要少得多。这是一场我们能够打赢的战争，我们应当尽全力而为之。”（赵路）

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　　图示∶2011年5月正式出版的《中国特色医疗金鉴》登载的刘君主任及其机构事迹

　　

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　　Anti-HIV drugs can effectively protect the uninfected person known as a breakthrough in AIDS prevention into

　　http://www.gmw.cn 2011-07-15 08:16:33 Source: Science Times

　　 

　　In Kenya "partner PrEP" project proved to HIV-infected people not taking antiretroviral drugs may disrupt the heterosexual spread of AIDS. (Credit: University of Washington)

　　WASHINGTON For HIV (AIDS) virus (HIV), the July 13 is definitely a bad day. This day also announced that in sub-Saharan Africa the first time the results of two studies that are not HIV-infected men and women, daily doses of anti-HIV drugs can prevent infection in heterosexual sex in the virus. Both studies were widely praised by public health officials, prevention and treatment for HIV in a "breakthrough", they slow down the deadly virus to 34 million worldwide spread of AIDS in adding a powerful new tool.

　　One of the leading large-scale study of the University of Washington, Seattle, Jared Baeten epidemiologist, said: "We have to provide evidence of unusual strength and we are very excited." For the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), another co-ordination research epidemiologist Lynn Paxton believes that: "For this achievement, the 'exciting' the word seems too low-key."

　　Over the past two days, the excitement and emotion is the world receive the two pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) research presentation in the HIV / AIDS research scientists to share.

　　CDC and the University of Washington decided to work jointly on July 13 to publish their research results because of Baeten and colleagues - they engaged in the study, entitled "Partners PrEP" project - harvest in July 10 a surprise. To prevent bias, the researchers before the end of the project will not disclose test results, during which an independent committee will review data from time to time to ensure the safety and effectiveness of the project. The Committee recommended that the study can give the placebo group research, and provide all non-infected subjects treated.

　　"Partner PrEP" project launched in July 2008, and in Kenya and Uganda recruited 4758 pairs of one party is HIV-infected partner. The researchers divided into three groups of these partners, it is recommended the first group one is not infected with HIV daily antiretroviral drugs tenofovir, the second group not infected with HIV and one daily dose of tenofovir Emtricitabine mixture, and the third party is not infected with HIV is only a placebo daily. Experiments show that the first group and second group participated in the experimenter is not a party to HIV infection risk of HIV infection than in the third group were 62% and 73% lower.

　　CDC's new data from a PrEP called TDF2 experiment. TDF2 recruited 1219 in Botswana to each other than partners of men and women. After six years of research, scientists found that those who are not infected with HIV taking antiretroviral drugs, HIV risk reduction 63%.

　　In this regard, the United Nations AIDS Programme (UNAIDS) Executive Director Michel Sidibe pointed out that studies have shown that antiretroviral drugs can significantly reduce the risk of HIV infection, which is an important breakthrough in fight against AIDS.

　　World Health Organization (WHO) Director-General Margaret Chan said the same day, the world needed an effective weapon against AIDS, the United States agencies to experiment on the prevention of heterosexual HIV transmission play an important role. WHO will work with countries to take advantage of this discovery to protect more men and women, to prevent them from HIV infection.

　　University of California San Francisco School of virologist Robert Grant stressed that people need more options to prevent the spread of HIV, and recently obtained results of these studies must be implemented as soon as possible. Grant said: "We need more resources to go to war with HIV, with other defense and security issues compared to the funds required for this operation is much less, this is a battle we can win the war, we should make every effort to do this. "(Zhao Road)

　　 

　　

　　［ 作者：佚名    转贴自：本站原创    点击数：196    更新时间：2011-7-15    文章录入：nnb ］

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