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“男男群体”成艾滋高危人群 专家呼吁主动检测
2011年06月15日 16:15 来源：南昌晚报
一直以来，很多人以为艾滋病传播以吸毒者居多。不过，昨日，记者从市疾控中心艾防科获悉，艾滋病高危人群中，男男性行为人群有所增加。因为不理解或不敢面对等原因，每年接受艾滋病检测的男男人群不到有关部门估计人数的10%。
16岁男孩与同性发生关系
2005年，市民小羽(化名)未满18岁。在他16岁那年，小羽发现自己和别的男孩不一样——喜欢男孩子。很偶然的一次，他结识了几个和他有着相同性取向的朋友。那一刻，小羽认为自己过上了幸福生活，经常与他们发生性行为。
一天上网浏览网站时，小羽无意间看到一篇文章称男男人群可能会感染艾滋病，他不由得担心起来。
检测后确认感染艾滋
过了一段时间，他来到疾控部门接受了艾滋病自愿咨询检测服务。两周后，检测结果出来了，医生告诉他，经过省疾控中心艾滋病确证实验室诊断发现，他的血液中存在艾滋病病毒的抗体，他已经感染上了艾滋病病毒。那一刻小羽感觉天都要塌了，经过医生的开导和帮助，他慢慢地从悲观中走了出来，但是，接下来的CD4细胞检测结果显示，他的免疫力已受到了一定的侵害，需要及时进行治疗。
错过最佳治疗期遗憾离世
从2005年到2007年底，小羽独自一人到澳门、北京等地打工。其间，他更换了好几个电话号码，并选择放弃治疗。
2007年12月份，小羽因发烧住进了北京一家医院。治疗一段时间后，他回到了南昌。经医院诊断为艾滋病发病期的病人，由于错过了最佳的治疗时间，他的免疫系统已全面崩溃，不久便离开了人世。
新发感染者中男男性行为者比例上升
2005年起，我市艾滋病疫情呈现快速增长趋势，那时因吸毒感染艾滋病的比例占所有感染者的60%以上。但是，从2008年开始，我市经性接触传播感染艾滋病的比例逐渐占据第一位，并且比例逐年上升。
到2010年，经性接触途径感染的比例接近90%。而感染者中经男男同性性行为感染的比例上升势头更为明显，从2008年不到1%，上升到了近15%。这意味着，南昌的男男性行为人群已成为艾滋病、性病的高危人群，艾滋病流行的形势严峻，如果不采取有效措施加以控制，后果将不堪设想。
南昌市男男人群不可忽视
世界卫生组织指出：在中国估计成年男性中同性恋的发生概率大约是1-3%，而在部分发达国家甚至达到3-5%。
据市疾控中心艾滋病性病防治科的专家介绍，男男性行为人群是指那些有过与同性发生性行为的男性，除了男男同性恋以外，还包含着双性恋以及部分的男异性恋者。因此，这个比率要比男男同性恋的比率还要高。参考世界卫生组织的这个数据来看，南昌男男人群不容忽视。
男男性行为人群感染艾滋比例上升
我市2010年在男男性行为人群当中开展的监测结果显示：男男性行为人群HIV的感染率接近5%(每20人中就有1人)，梅毒的感染率达到8%(每12人中就有1人)。而在今年的1-5月份，HIV阳性检出率比去年几乎上升了一倍。同时，梅毒感染率也有一定的上升。
疾控部门调查发现，男男性行为人群虽然对艾滋病相关知识较为了解，但是大部分的“男同”没能做到保持单一固定的性伴及每次性行为坚持使用安全套。
接受检测人数不到估计人数的10%
“其实，只要定期进行咨询检测服务，就可以对自己的健康有正确的认识。”但令人尴尬的是，男男性行为人群普遍不愿接受咨询检测服务，能够发现的感染者和病人仅仅是现存艾滋病病毒携带者的一小部分。据统计，每年艾滋病哨点监测期间，主动接受艾滋病检测的男男性行为人群都不到估计人数的10%，甚至有的男男性行为者从来没有接受过艾滋病、性病的检测。拒绝接受检测成了疫情难以控制的主要障碍。
害怕、不敢面对是重要原因
为什么会造成这样的结果？多数男男性行为人群害怕检测后“中标”自己隐私会曝光。另外，还有不少是因为不敢面对可能的结果。对此，市疾控艾滋病性病防治科工作人员坦言，长久下去，男男人群可能随时处在感染艾滋的危险之中。“同志”们对检测存在错误的认识，采取消极、逃避的态度，对感染抱有侥幸的心理，可能导致自己的健康受到危害。
男男人群像左撇子不应歧视
市疾控中心艾滋病性病防治科医生路亮，从2005年开始开展男男性行为人群的宣传和干预工作。他告诉记者，其实男男性行为人群并不特殊，这种现象也不是什么新兴事物，有科学研究显示产生这种现象的原因可能和人类的基因有关。“这就像是普通人群中的‘左撇子’，他们并不是不正常，更不是性变态。”
主动检测是最好的保护办法
南昌市疾控专家介绍，男男性行为人群定期接受艾滋病、性病的咨询及检测，可及时了解自身健康状况、尽早发现HIV感染并及时治疗。艾滋病目前虽然暂时不能根治，但只要积极检测、及时治疗，完全有能力在很长的时间里有效控制它，且抗病毒药物均为免费发放。“主动检测，也是男男群体保护自己的最好办法。”
承诺个人信息保密免费检测
为了提高男男性行为人群的健康知识及检测意识，督促他们养成良好的安全性行为习惯。7月份之前，“男同”朋友均可到市疾控中心接受免费的艾滋病、梅毒、丙肝检测及咨询服务，参加检测的朋友还可获得一定的交通补助及男男专用安全套若干。市疾控中心，对接受咨询和检测的人员信息将严格保密。
艾滋病不治会早死，早治才康复 艾滋病不治会早死，早治才康复 艾滋病不治会早死，早治才康复 艾滋病不治会早死，早治才康复
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| 图示∶2011年5月正式出版的《中国特色医疗金鉴》登载的刘君主任及其机构事迹 |
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"MSM groups" into a high risk of AIDS experts call for proactive detection
At 16:15 on June 15th, 2011 Source: Nanchang Evening News
For years, many people think that the majority of HIV transmission to drug users. However, yesterday, the reporter from the city CDC AIDS prevention Division was informed that AIDS high-risk groups, MSM increased. Because they do not understand or did not dare to face and other reasons, HIV testing each year less than male group of men 10% of the estimated number of departments.
16-year-old boy with a relationship sex
In 2005, the public Kohane (a pseudonym) under 18 years of age. In his 16 years old, Kohane found himself and other boys do not like - like a boy. Very fortuitous time, he met a few and his friends have the same sexual orientation. At that moment, Kohane think they lived a happy life, often they have sex.
One day browsing the site, Kohane accidentally read an article that men and men may be infected with HIV group, he could not help but worry about them.
Post-test to confirm HIV infection
After some time, he came to disease control department received HIV voluntary counseling and testing services. Two weeks later, test results came out, the doctor told him that, after the provincial CDC HIV confirmatory laboratory diagnosis found that his presence in the blood of HIV antibodies, he has been infected with the AIDS virus. Kohane feel that moment to be collapsed days after the doctor's enlighten and help, he slowly came out from the pessimistic, but the next CD4 cell testing showed that his immune system has been a certain amount of abuse, the need for timely treatment.
Sorry missed the best treatment of death
From 2005 to the end of 2007, Kohane alone to Macau, Beijing and other places to work. In the meantime, he replaced several phone numbers, and choose to give up treatment.
December 2007, Kohane fever was admitted to a hospital in Beijing. Treatment for some time, he returned to Nanchang. Incidence of AIDS diagnosis by the hospital phase of patients, due to miss the best treatment time, his immune system has collapsed and soon died.
New infections were in MSM has risen
Since 2005, the city's AIDS epidemic show rapid growth, due to drug use when the proportion of all HIV infected persons more than 60%. However, starting in 2008, the city spread of HIV through sexual contact with the proportion gradually occupy the first, and the proportion rising year on year.
By 2010, the means of infection through sexual contact account for nearly 90%. The infected through sex with infected men and the proportion of men and the upward trend is more obvious, less than 1% from 2008, rising to nearly 15%. This means that, Nanchang MSM has become an AIDS high risk of sexually transmitted diseases, the epidemic situation is grim, if you do not take effective measures to control, the consequences would be disastrous.
Nanchang group of men and men can not be ignored
World Health Organization: adult men in China is estimated that the probability of occurrence of homosexuality is about 1-3%, while in some countries even up to 3-5%.
According to the City CDC Division of STD Prevention of AIDS experts, the MSM refers to those who have had sex with men, in addition to other gay men, bisexuals, and also contains some of the heterosexual men. Therefore, this ratio than the ratio of gay men is even higher. World Health Organisation this data, Nanchang male man group can not be ignored.
MSM infected with HIV has risen
The city in 2010 among MSM to carry out the monitoring results show: MSM HIV infection rate close to 5% (1 in every 20 people), syphilis infection rate of 8% (12 out of every there is one). In this year of 1-5 months, HIV-positive detection rate nearly doubled over last year. Meanwhile, syphilis infection rates are also certain to rise.
Disease control department found that MSM although a better understanding of AIDS-related knowledge, but most of the "gay" did not do to maintain a single fixed time sex partner and condom use.
Tested fewer than 10% of the estimated number of
"In fact, as long as regular counseling and testing services for their own health can have a correct understanding." But what is embarrassing is that MSM generally unwilling to accept counseling and testing services, to find the infection and the patient is only existing AIDS virus a small part. According to statistics, the annual HIV sentinel surveillance period, the initiative to accept HIV testing of MSM is not to estimate the number of 10%, and even some men who have never received HIV, STD testing. Refused to accept the test is difficult to control the epidemic has become a major obstacle.
Afraid, afraid to face is an important reason
Why did such a result? Most MSM afraid to test after "winning" their privacy will be exposed. In addition, there are many because not dare to face the possible results. In this regard, the city CDC AIDS and STD Prevention Division staff admitted that last long, men and men in the group subject to the risk of being infected with HIV. "Comrades" who detect errors of understanding, taking a passive, evasive attitude, chances of infection have psychological, may result in their own health at risk.
Images of men and men should not discriminate against left-handed
City CDC AIDS and STD prevention and control practitioners Road light, beginning in 2005 to carry out propaganda MSM and intervention. He told reporters, in fact, MSM is not special, this phenomenon is not a new thing, there are scientific studies show that this phenomenon may be due and human genes. "It's like the general population in the 'left-handed', they are not abnormal, but not sexual deviancy."
Active detection is the best way to protect
Nanchang disease control experts, regular MSM HIV, STD counseling and testing, can keep abreast of their own health, early detection and timely treatment of HIV infection. Although no cure for AIDS being, but as long as a positive detection, timely treatment, are fully capable of a very long time to effectively control it, and antiviral drugs are distributed free of charge. "Active detection, but also groups of men and men the best way to protect themselves."
Commitment to confidentiality of personal information, free testing
In order to improve the health of MSM testing knowledge and awareness, and urge them to develop good safe sex practices. Before July, "gay" friends can receive free to the city CDC AIDS, syphilis, hepatitis C testing and counseling services, to participate in testing can get some friends and men and men dedicated transport subsidies some condoms. Municipal Center for Disease Control, for the person receiving counseling and testing information will be kept strictly confidential.
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