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克服恐艾症心理需了解艾滋病传播和发病特点
http://www.sina.com.cn 2011年04月07日10:34 新浪健康
日前，卫生部办公厅副主任、新闻发言人邓海华在接受媒体采访时表示，根据调查，目前可排除自述疑似艾滋病感染人群感染艾滋病毒。
近日，香港某媒体炒作，内地至少六省市发现“阴性艾滋病”的神秘病毒。据悉，自2009年6月以来，陆续有人向卫生部反应自己出现疑似艾滋病急性期症状。从2009年7月开始，中国疾控中心启动调查工作，结果显示，受调查者艾滋病抗体检测均为阴性，未检测到相关致病病原体，缺乏新病毒或未知病原体感染的证据。在第一次调查基础上，卫生部又组织相关专家进行了第二次调查，认为目前可排除人群感染艾滋病病毒。对此，邓海华对媒体曾表示，实际上这是一些人“恐艾”症状的表现。
“恐艾症”即艾滋病恐惧症，指一部分人群在强烈的恐惧状态下，常伴随焦虑、抑郁、强迫、疑病等多种心理症状和行为异常的心理障碍。不少患者认为，自己身体不适就是感染了艾滋病病毒，反复拨打热线电话咨询，或去做艾滋病抗体检测，却又总对阴性结果持怀疑态度，认为检测不准确。
而此前对于认为这可能是艾滋病毒一种变种的担心就更没有必要。广州市卫生局副局长、广州市传染病研究所所长唐小平在接受媒体采访时就表示，目前医学上并无“阴性艾滋病感染”，如果艾滋病抗体检验不呈阳性，就不可能是艾滋病或艾滋病变种。
与此同时，克服恐艾心理，更重要的是了解艾滋病的传播途径及发病的临床特点。一般而言，艾滋病通常经过性传播、血液传播、共用针具传播以及母婴传播。与患者握手、拥抱、供餐、共用厕所及游泳池等，是不会进行传播的。
通常，艾滋病一般症状如下：
1. 一般性症状：
持续发烧、虚弱、盗汗、全身浅表淋巴结肿大，体重下降在三个月之内可达 10%以上，最多可降低40%，病人消瘦特别明显。
2. 呼吸道症状：
长期咳嗽、胸痛、呼吸困难、严重时痰中带血。
3. 消化道症状：
食欲下降、厌食、恶心、呕吐、腹泻、严重时可便血。通常用于治疗消化道感染的药物对这种腹泻无效。
4. 神经系统症状：
头晕、头痛、反应迟钝、智力减退、精神异常、抽风、偏瘫、痴呆等。
5. 皮肤和粘膜损害：
弥漫性丘疹、带状疱疹、口腔和咽部粘膜炎症及溃烂。
6. 肿瘤：
可出现多种恶性肿瘤，位于体表的卡波希氏肉瘤可见红色或紫红色的斑疹、丘疹和浸润性肿块。
艾滋病不治会早死，早治才康复 艾滋病不治会早死，早治才康复 艾滋病不治会早死，早治才康复 艾滋病不治会早死，早治才康复
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| 图示∶2010年12月即将出版的《中国特色医疗金鉴》登载的刘君主任及其机构 |
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To overcome the fear of AIDS patients need to understand the psychological characteristics of HIV transmission and disease
http://www.sina.com.cn 2011 年 04 月 07 日 10:34 Sina Health
Recently, the Ministry of Health Deputy Director General, spokesman Deng Haihua, said in an interview, according to the survey, the current can be excluded from the readme suspected of HIV infection among HIV-infected.
Recently, a Hong Kong media hype, at least six provinces and cities in China found that "negative AIDS," the mysterious virus. It is reported that since June 2009 has been more and more people respond to the Ministry of Health had suspicions of their acute symptoms of AIDS. From July 2009, China CDC started the investigation, the results showed that those surveyed were negative HIV antibody test, is not related to disease pathogens detected, the lack of a new virus or unknown pathogens evidence. In the first survey, based on the Ministry of Health and organize relevant experts to conduct a second investigation and found that people infected with HIV can be excluded. In this regard, the media has said Deng Haihua, in fact, that some people "fear of AIDS" symptoms of performance.
"Fear of AIDS disease" that AIDS phobia, refers to the portion of the population in the state of intense fear, often accompanied by anxiety, depression, obsession, hypochondriasis, and other psychological symptoms of psychological disorders and behavioral abnormalities. Many patients believe that their illness is infected with the AIDS virus, repeatedly call the hotline counseling, HIV antibody testing, or do, but always skeptical of the negative results that the test is not accurate.
Prior to that this may be a variant of HIV is no need to worry even more. Deputy director of Guangzhou Municipal Health Bureau, Tang Xiaoping, director of Guangzhou Institute of Infectious Diseases in an interview, says that currently there is no medicine, "HIV negative", if not positive for HIV antibody test, AIDS can not be or HIV variants.
At the same time, to overcome the psychological fear of AIDS, more important to understand the pathogenesis of AIDS transmission and clinical features. In general, AIDS is usually through sexual transmission, blood transmission, dissemination and sharing of needles, mother to child transmission. With the patient shaking hands, hugging, feeding, sharing toilets and swimming pools will not be transmitted.
Typically, the general symptoms of AIDS are as follows:
1. General symptoms:
Fever, weakness, sweating, general superficial lymphadenopathy, weight loss within three months up to 10% or more, up to 40% reduction in patient weight loss is particularly evident.
2. Respiratory symptoms:
Chronic cough, chest pain, breathing difficulties, severe bloody sputum.
3. Gastrointestinal symptoms:
Loss of appetite, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, blood in the stool can be severe. Usually the drug for the treatment of gastrointestinal infections such diarrhea is invalid.
4. Nervous system symptoms:
Dizziness, headache, unresponsive, mental deterioration, psychosis, convulsions, paralysis, dementia.
5. The skin and mucous membrane damage:
Diffuse papules, herpes zoster, oral and pharyngeal mucosal inflammation and ulceration.
6. Cancer:
There may be a variety of malignant tumors, Kaposi's sarcoma in the visible surface of the red or purple rash, papules, and invasive tumor.
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