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艾滋病防控有成绩也有隐忧
2011年12月06日00:59 德阳日报
近日，国务院防治艾滋病工作委员会审议并原则通过了《中国遏制与防治艾滋病行动计划（2011年-2015年）》。中国CDC（疾病预防控制中心）性病艾滋病预防控制中心主任吴尊友日前在接受媒体记者采访时说，新5年行动计划的两个核心目标是：到2015年，艾滋病新发感染率较2010年下降25%；艾滋病病死率较2010年下降30%。如果两个目标均达成，2015年我国艾滋病病毒感染人数将控制在120万人左右。
抗病毒治疗5年大约救命3万条
瞄准高危人群实施有效预防干预，是艾滋病防控关键措施之一。据中国CDC性病艾滋病预防控制中心统计，2010年，全国美沙酮维持治疗门诊共开诊701家，当年治疗18万人，较2006年增加14万多人；该治疗人群艾滋病新发感染率从2006年的0.95%降至0.42%，未参加维持治疗社区吸毒者新发感染率为3%-8%。针对暗娼人群实施的安全套推广使用、同伴教育、性病诊疗等综合干预覆盖率继续维持在80%以上。相关监测显示，该人群艾滋病病毒检出率从2006年的平均0.8%降至目前的0.3%。预防艾滋病母婴传播工作覆盖扩大至49.8%的县区，累计为1355万孕产妇提供艾滋病病毒检测，累计发现并报告艾滋病病毒感染孕产妇14678名；感染艾滋病病毒孕产妇所生婴儿感染率从2005年的12.8%降至2010年的7.9%。
吴尊友告诉记者，我国抗病毒治疗快速扩展，接受抗病毒治疗者病死率已从2005年的9.5/100人年降至2009年的6.1/100人年。据测算，“十一五”期间，我国抗病毒治疗工作预防了约3万艾滋病相关死亡。
宏观疫情呈现五特点
全国感染者和病人总数仍然呈上升趋势，新发感染人数控制并稳定在相对较低水平。专家估算，全国存活的艾滋病病毒感染者在2007年时为70万，2011年为78万；新发感染者2007年为5万，2011年为4.8万。
既往艾滋病感染者陆续进入发病期，发病和死亡人数增加。据疫情直报系统统计，2008年全国报告艾滋病病人数为14509例，2010年增加到34188例，其中由既往报告感染者发展而来分别占26.5%和53.6%。
经性途径传播为主，并且持续增高。数据显示，经性传播所占比例，1985年-2005年为11.6%，2011年1月-9月达75.2%。
全国艾滋病总体呈低流行态势，部分地区疫情严重。目前，我国全人群感染率为0.058%，属低流行国家；疫情估计数超过5万人的省有5个，占全国估计总数的60%。
艾滋病感染波及人群多样化，艾滋病流行形势复杂化。疫情报告与疫情监测数据均显示，50岁以上年龄组当年报告数及其所占比例均在增加，学生人群特别是20岁-24岁男大学生报告比例增加，同性性传播快速上升。同时，艾滋病流行的危险因素仍广泛存在。目前，我国约56%的感染者尚未发现。
扩大检测和治疗是抓手
吴尊友称，扩大检测，最大限度发现感染者；扩大治疗，最大限度减少死亡，是国家强化艾滋病防治的两个具体抓手。2011年全国艾滋病检测与抗病毒治疗依据既往相关疫情数据，预先测算各地全年新发现感染者人数、新增治疗人数，每月实行进展跟踪、情况通报，促进了各地艾滋病防治工作步伐加快。
要达到“十二五”艾滋病防控目标，吴尊友认为艾防人员要仔细查找艾滋病新感染的源头，认真分析艾滋病相关死亡主要原因，针对性地提出有效策略措施，并切实使这些措施落实到位。
据《健康报》
艾滋病不治会早死，早治才康复 艾滋病不治会早死，早治才康复 艾滋病不治会早死，早治才康复 艾滋病不治会早死，早治才康复
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| 图示∶2011年5月正式出版的《中国特色医疗金鉴》登载的刘君主任及其机构事迹 |
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艾滋病新鸡尾酒疗法 附 HIV感染者，早吃药早受益
AIDS prevention and control and good performance are also worries
At 00:59 on December 6, 2011 Daily Deyang
Recently, the State Council AIDS Working Committee approved in principle the "China containment and AIDS Action Plan (2011 -2015)." China CDC (Centers for Disease Control) of STD and AIDS Prevention and Control Center Director Wu Zunyou recently told media reporters, said the new five-year action plan of the two core objectives: to 2015, HIV infection rates compared with new-onset decline in 2010 25%; AIDS mortality decreased by 30% compared with 2010. If both objectives are achieved, by 2015 China will control the number of HIV infections in the 120 million people.
Antiviral treatment for 5 years about 30 000 life-saving
Targeting high-risk groups to implement effective prevention intervention is the key to AIDS prevention and control measures. According to the China CDC STD and AIDS Prevention and Control Center, in 2010, the national methadone maintenance treatment clinic a total of 701 out-patient, then treatment of 18 million, representing an increase of 14 million people in 2006; the treatment of new-onset of AIDS infection rate from 2006 0.95% to 0.42%, did not participate in community drug treatment to maintain the new hair infection of 3% -8%. Groups for the implementation of commercial sex workers use condom promotion, peer education, STD treatment, and so comprehensive intervention coverage remained at 80%. Related monitoring shows that HIV prevalence in the population from 2006 to the present average of 0.8% to 0.3%. PMTCT work to expand coverage to 49.8% of the counties, cumulative 13.55 million to provide HIV testing pregnant women, the cumulative HIV infections discovered and reported maternal 14678; maternal HIV infection rate of babies born from 2005 In 2010, 12.8% to 7.9%.
Wu Zunyou told reporters that China's rapid expansion of antiretroviral therapy, antiretroviral treatment the mortality of 9.5/100 person-years from 2005 down to 2009, 6.1/100 person-years. It is estimated that the "Eleventh Five-Year" period, China's anti-viral therapy work prevented about 30,000 AIDS-related deaths.
Macroscopic characteristics of the epidemic showed five
The total number of infected people and patients nationwide are still rising, the number of new infections to control and stabilize at a relatively low level. Experts estimate that the national survival of HIV infected persons in 2007 to 700,000 in 2011 to 78 million; new infections by 2007 to 50,000 in 2011 to 4.8 million.
Past incidence of HIV infection after another into the period, increased morbidity and mortality. Statistics Reporting System, according to the epidemic, the 2008 national report on the number of 14,509 cases of AIDS patients in 2010 to 34,188 cases, including those infected by the previous report were developed from 26.5% and 53.6%.
Mainly through sexual transmission, and continued to increase. Data show that the proportion of sexual transmission in 1985 and 2005 was 11.6% in 2011 January-September reached 75.2%.
National AIDS epidemic situation in general was low in some areas, the epidemic is serious. At present, China's total infection rate of 0.058%, a low-endemic countries; epidemic with more than 50,000 people estimated to have five provinces, accounting for an estimated 60% of the total.
HIV infection spread to diverse populations, the epidemic situation is complicated. Disease reporting and surveillance data show that 50 year age group and the proportion of the number of reports are in increasing student population, in particular 20-year-old -24 years old the proportion of male students reported increased same-sex sexual transmission is increasing rapidly. Meanwhile, the AIDS epidemic risk factors are still widespread. At present, about 56% of those infected has not been found.
Expand the testing and treatment is the starting point
Wu Zunyou said, to expand testing, the maximum were found to be infected; to expand treatment to minimize death, is the country to strengthen AIDS prevention and control of two specific starting point. 2011 National AIDS testing and antiretroviral therapy-related disease based on previous data, pre-measured year over the number of newly found to be infected, the number of new treatment, the monthly implementation progress tracking, briefings, promoting AIDS prevention around the pace.
To achieve the "five-second" AIDS prevention and control objectives, that Ai Wu Zunyou anti-personnel should carefully look for the source of new HIV infections, AIDS-related deaths a careful analysis of the main reasons put forward an effective strategy for targeted measures and these measures are in place to effectively .
According to "Health News"
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