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何大一：5-10年内不会有艾滋病疫苗问世
温淑萍 2010-09-30 14:52 经济观察网 记者 温淑萍
何大一被称作是世界最著名的生物医学专家之一，他是一位美籍华裔，他也是世界上最权威的艾滋病专家之一，和清华大学艾滋病综合研究中心主任。
9月27日，在香港利丰集团成员—利和经销集团与清华大学艾滋病中和研究中心举办的“艾滋病广泛传播——挑战与机遇”的研讨会后，何大一接受记者采访时介绍，艾滋病疫苗在5-10年内研制不出来。
因为，艾滋病病毒的变异速度非常快，“医生们常说流感的病毒变异的很快，但是流感的变异速度远远赶不上艾滋病的变异速度。”据何大一介绍，每出现一个新的艾滋病患者，其身上就会携带2000种新的变异后的病毒，病毒的变异速度之迅速，医学研究还无法掌控。目前艾滋病界学者们正在全力应对变异出来的新病毒分解研究，和病毒变异的有关规则研究，只有将最基本的规律和病毒情况掌握了，才有可能对症研制疫苗。
何大一介绍，就目前艾滋病的发展趋势和医学的研究现状分析，5—10年内难以研究出艾滋病疫苗。
而事实上，目前，全球治疗艾滋病的方式，都是通过用药将病毒率降低，药物无法将病毒消除。也就是艾滋病患者，只能延缓生命，但无法根治。
据卫生部有关资料显示，中国艾滋病的疫情发病率减缓，而性传播持续成为主要的传播途径，同性传播率明显上升。
“虽然中国艾滋病总体呈低流行态势，但是部分地区和高危人群传播较为严重。”卫生部一位人士介绍，截至2009年底，中国大约有艾滋病病毒感染者和病人74万，其中艾滋病病人约10.5万人，有2.6万人死亡。云南、广西、河南、四川、新疆、广东，每省估计超过5万人，是艾滋病病毒感染者和病人，占全国估计总数的61.8%。
据一家研究艾滋病机构人士介绍，目前6万名艾滋病患者在接受国家的免费治疗，中国的艾滋病病死率在4.8%左右，低于其他国家的病死率。
而艾滋病的经费从2001年增加到了今年的16亿。
自1981年首次发现艾滋病至今，全球已有2500万人的生命被该病吞噬。2000年时，联合国千年首脑会议提出，争取到2015年遏制并开始扭转艾滋病蔓延。
10年过去，目前，全世界仍有3000多万艾滋病感染者和病人，仅撒哈拉以南非洲地区就超过2000万人。
中国国务院总理温家宝在9月23日，联合国千年发展目标与艾滋病讨论会上指出，“目前，中国艾滋病快速蔓延的势头基本得到遏制，病死率显著降低，感染者和病人的生活质量明显改善。我们有信心在2015年实现艾滋病防治领域的千年发展目标”
Wen Shuping 2010-09-30 14:52 Economic Observer Online reporter Wen Shuping
Ho has been called the world's most famous experts in the biomedical one, he is a Chinese-American, he is also the world's AIDS experts, one of the most authoritative and comprehensive AIDS Research Center of Tsinghua University.
September 27, members of Li & Fung Group in Hong Kong - Lee and Distribution Group and Tsinghua University AIDS Research Center and held in "spread of AIDS - Challenges and Opportunities," the seminar, Ho describes an interview, AIDS Development of vaccines do not come out in 5-10 years.
Because the mutation rate of HIV is very fast, "Doctors often say that the flu virus mutates very quickly, but the flu mutation rate lags far behind the mutation rate of AIDS." According to David Ho introduced, each of the emergence of a new AIDS , the body will carry 2,000 species of a new mutation of the virus, the rapid rate of virus mutation, medical research can not control. AIDS is now fully respond to community the scholars out of the new virus variant decomposition studies, and the relevant rules of virus mutation, only the most basic grasp of the situation of law and viruses, vaccine development is possible symptomatic.
Ho introduced to current trends of AIDS Research and analysis of medical ,5-10 years, AIDS vaccine is difficult to work out.
In fact, at present, the way the global treatment of AIDS, the virus through drug use rate decreased, drugs can not eliminate the virus. That is, AIDS patients, can only delay the life, but can not cure.
According to the Ministry of Health data show that the incidence of China's AIDS epidemic slowing, but sexual transmission continues to be the major route of transmission, homosexual transmission rates increased significantly.
"Although China's AIDS epidemic situation was low overall, but the spread of high-risk groups in some areas and more serious." Health Ministry source, the end of 2009, China has about HIV and AIDS patients 74 million, of which about 105,000 AIDS patients people, 2.6 million deaths. Yunnan, Guangxi, Henan, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Guangdong, each province is estimated that more than 5 million people, is infected with HIV and patients, accounting for 61.8% of the total number estimated.
AIDS, according to a research institution who, at present 60 000 AIDS patients receiving free treatment for the country, China's AIDS mortality rate of about 4.8%, lower than the mortality in other countries.
The funding for AIDS increased from 2001 to 1.6 billion this year.
Since AIDS was first discovered in 1981, since 2500 the world of thousands of lives have been swallowed by the disease. In 2000, the United Nations Millennium Summit, by 2015 and begun to reverse the spread of AIDS.
Over the past 10 years, at present, the world is still more than 3000 million people living with HIV and patients, only sub-Saharan Africa to more than 2,000 people.
Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao on September 23, the United Nations Millennium Development Goals and AIDS seminar pointed out that "Currently, the basic momentum of the rapid spread of AIDS has been checked, the mortality was significantly reduced infection and the patient's quality of life improved significantly. We are confident in the field of AIDS prevention by 2015 the Millennium Development Goals "
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