■资料照片显示一名艾滋病患者在距泰国首都曼谷以北150公里处的一座寺庙内接受治疗■新华/法新 美国国家过敏症和传染病研究所专家14日说,历经数十年努力,全球卫生机构开始在艾滋病疫苗研制方面取得“重大进展”,使科学家对这类疫苗投放市场信心倍增。
■有方向
国家过敏症和传染病研究所负责人安东尼·福西说,尽管致力于艾滋病疫苗研究的科学家过去数年间不断探索,但对努力方向是否正确并无太大把握。
“我们虽然已从事(艾滋病)疫苗研制数十年,”福西告诉法新社记者,“但直到几年前,仍没有一丝线索显示我们行进的方向正确。”
然而,过去几年间发生的两起“转折性”事件,令科学家看到曙光。
第一件,是美国和泰国联合开发试验的新型艾滋病疫苗可使人体感染艾滋病病毒风险降低31.2%。
美国和泰国公共卫生部等机构2003年实施RV144项目,旨在研究疫苗防止感染艾滋病病毒的能力。超过1.6万名泰国志愿者参加疫苗测试。
“结果显示,(疫苗)对预防感染艾滋病病毒起到较小至适度的积极作用,”福西说,“这虽不至于好到能让这种疫苗广为发放,但至少使我们感到,(研制)疫苗有可能。”
■现抗体
第二件,是国家过敏症和传染病研究所专家上周在美国《科学》期刊上发表最新研究成果,称发现两种能“绑定”并打击90%以上艾滋病病毒变异毒株的抗体。
研究人员在一名艾滋病病毒携带者的血液中发现这两种对病毒具有广谱抑制能力的抗体。
福西说,这两种抗体“绑定”部分病毒信息后能打击这种病毒。研究人员下一步将着手把这部分病毒信息植入个体,以期保护这一个体免于感染艾滋病病毒。
尽管不知艾滋病疫苗何时能投放市场,但福西表示,上述两起转折性事件使科学家信心倍增。
国家过敏症和传染病研究所是美国卫生和公众服务部下属国家卫生研究院的一个研究机构。
■重防控
按福西的说法,艾滋病疫苗投放市场前,防控工作仍是各国抗击艾滋病的重点。
他建议各国政府和卫生机构提高艾滋病病毒感染者和艾滋病人的收治率,继续探索艾滋病防控新途径,如着力开发杀微生物剂等。
“(我们)应让尽可能多的病人获得治疗,”福西说,“因为我们知道,收治率越高,这些病人传染其他人的可能性就越低。疫苗投放市场前,治疗也是一种预防。”
美国总统贝拉克·奥巴马13日公布抗击艾滋病战略,着眼减少新感染者人数、关怀艾滋病病毒携带者、消除社会不平等。战略提出明确目标,力争今后5年把国内新增艾滋病感染人数降低25%。
■文/闫洁(新华社特稿)
2010/07/16 00:45 Source: YNET.com North Youth Beijing Youth Daily
■ data images show an AIDS patient from the Thai capital Bangkok, 150 kilometers north of treatment within a temple ■ Xinhua / AFP National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, said an expert on the 14th, after decades of efforts, the global Health authorities have been made in AIDS vaccine development, "significant progress", so that scientists of such vaccines to market confidence.
■ have a direction
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases head Anthony Fauci said that although the commitment to AIDS vaccine research, scientists continue to explore the past few years, but not too hard to grasp the correct direction.
"Although we have been engaged (AIDS) vaccine development for decades," Fauci told AFP, "but until a few years ago, still no trace of clues show us moving in the right direction."
However, occurred in the past two years, "turning point" of the event, so scientists can see the dawn.
The first is the United States and Thailand joint development of new experimental human AIDS vaccine can reduce the risk of HIV infection 31.2%.
The United States and Thailand Ministry of Public Health and other agencies to implement RV144 project in 2003 to study the vaccine's ability to prevent HIV infection. More than 16,000 volunteers to participate in vaccine trials in Thailand.
"The results show, (the vaccine) in preventing HIV infection has played an active role in small to moderate," Fauci said, "This is although not good enough to make the vaccine widely released, but at least we are, (development ) vaccine may be. "
■ are antibody
The second is the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases experts last week in the U.S. "Science" journal published in the latest research, said the two can be found in "binding" and the fight against more than 90% variation of strains of HIV antibodies.
Researchers in the blood of an AIDS virus carriers of the virus found in two antibodies with broad-spectrum inhibition.
Fauci said that the two antibodies "bind" part of the virus message to combat the virus. The next step will proceed to this part of the implantation of the individual virus information, in order to protect the individual from infection with HIV.
Although I do not know when to put on the market an AIDS vaccine, but Fauci said the two incidents turn enables scientists confidence.
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases in the United States under the Ministry of Health and Human Services National Institutes of Health, a research institution.
■ re prevention and control
Statement by Fauci, an AIDS vaccine on the market before, prevention and control is still the focus countries to fight AIDS.
He recommended that governments and health agencies to increase HIV and AIDS 感染 De admitted rate, continue to explore new ways of AIDS prevention and control, Ru focus Kaifa kill Weisheng Wu agents.
"(We) should allow as many patients receive treatment," Fauci said, "because we know that treated higher the rate of transmission of these patients the lower the possibility of other people. Vaccine on the market before the treatment is a preventive . "
13th U.S. President Barack Obama announced strategy to fight AIDS, focusing on reducing the number of new infections, care for AIDS virus carriers, elimination of social inequalities. Strategy with clear objectives, and strive to the next 5 years the number of domestic new HIV infections by 25%.
■ Wen / Yan Jie (AP)