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联合国开发计划署成立全球艾滋病和法律委员会
2010-06-25 18:29:25 来源：中国日报网
联合国开发计划署6月24日今日成立了全球艾滋病和法律委员会。该活动得到了联合国艾滋病规划署秘书处的支持。该委员会的成立旨在推动更好地理解法律环境对国家艾滋病防治的影响。委员会将致力于如何通过法律和执法支持而不是阻碍有效的艾滋病防治。
全球艾滋病与法律委员会汇集了许多世界著名的公共领导者。法律、公共卫生、人权和艾滋病方面的专家将支持该委员会的工作。委员们将收集和分享法律和执法对艾滋病病毒感染者及艾滋病病毒易感群体影响程度的证据。他们将就如何使法律更好地促进艾滋病防治和支持服务的普遍可及提出建议。区域听证会作为一个重要创新，将为直接受到艾滋病相关法律影响的人们与政策制定者提供一个对话空间。这种直接的互动是至关重要的。人们早就认识到，法律是所有艾滋病防治工作的重要组成部分，无论是成文法或传统法、执法或者司法参与。所有这些都可以帮助判定艾滋病病毒感染者和受艾滋病毒影响的人们能否获得服务、保护自己和有尊严地生活。
然而，艾滋病流行近30年以来，许多国家消极的法律环境削弱了艾滋病的防治，而不是支持和保护那些有需要的群体。对艾滋病传播或暴露的不适当加罪的法律会阻止人们进行艾滋病病毒检测或公开艾滋病病毒感染者身份。对男男性行为人群、变性群体、吸毒人群及性工作者刑罪化的法律将会加大向易感群体提供必要的预防或治疗等服务的难度。在有些国家，法律和执法不能在婚内和婚外强奸中保护妇女，这增加了妇女对艾滋病病毒的脆弱性。
同时，还有很多法律对艾滋病病毒感染者和易感人群产生积极影响的例子。这些法律保障了感染者得到治疗的权利，在工作、学校和军队环境中不受歧视的权利，以及保护犯人得到艾滋病预防相关服务的权利。那些保证妇女的平等继承权和财产权的法律有效地减少了艾滋病对妇女、儿童、家庭和社区的影响。
目前有400多万感染者和病人正接受挽救生命的治疗，2008年新增艾滋病病毒感染人数比2001年降低了17％，这些都表明艾滋病疫情有希望进入转折点。为了实现各个国家制定的全面可及目标和千年发展目标，惩罚性的法律和人权的侵犯等长期存在的阻碍需要得到克服。
联合国开发计划署署长海伦·克拉克认为，艾滋病防治的下一阶段工作必须着眼于改善法律、法规和社会环境，以促进人权和性别平等。“现在仍有有106个国家报告存在严重阻碍有效艾滋病防治的法律和政策。我们需要一个可以保护和促进艾滋病病毒易感人群、受艾滋病影响的群体和艾滋病病毒感染者权利的环境。”克拉克说。
联合国艾滋病规划署执行主任米歇尔·西迪贝将消除惩罚性法律做为联合国艾滋病规划署的优先领域。“现在是将艾滋病的防治重点转向那些没有发言机会的人们的时候了，”他说，“我们必须与艾滋病病毒感染者和艾滋病病毒易感者共同努力。通过改变不利的法律环境，我们可以帮助未来的领导人建设一个没有艾滋病的时代。”
全球艾滋病与法律委员会得到广泛的来自合作伙伴和利益相关者的支持，包括福特基金会、澳大利亚国际发展署在内的捐助者。澳大利亚艾滋病大使普罗克特，表示大力支持委员会和委员会的各项工作。“我们赞扬联合国开发计划署和联合国艾滋病规划署勇敢地推进这项工作，我们欢迎有机会可以协助和支持。”
该委员会的工作时间为18个月，围绕如何使法律服务于有效的艾滋病应对，将进行全球范围的社会动员和促进公开对话。该委员会的调查结果和建议将在2011年12月公布。(来源：联合国开发计划署)
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United Nations Development Programme and the Law Commission set up the Global AIDS
2010-06-25 18:29:25 From: China Daily
United Nations Development Programme on June 24, today set up a global AIDS and Legal Committee. The activities of the UNAIDS Secretariat. The committee set up to promote better understanding of the legal environment for AIDS prevention and control of the country. The Committee will focus on how laws and law enforcement support, not impede effective AIDS.
Global AIDS and the Law Committee brings together a number of world-renowned public leaders. Law, public health, human rights and AIDS experts will support the work of the Commission. Members will collect and share legal and law enforcement on the AIDS virus, HIV and AIDS affect the level of evidence of vulnerable populations. How to make the law more they will promote HIV prevention and support services universal access proposals. Regional hearings as an important innovation, the law will impact directly affected by AIDS-related people and policy makers to provide a space for dialogue. This direct interaction is vital. It has long been recognized that all AIDS prevention and control laws are an important part of the work, either written law or traditional law enforcement or judicial involvement. All of these can help determine the HIV infected people and people affected by HIV can access services, to protect themselves and live with dignity.
However, nearly 30 years since the AIDS epidemic in many countries the legal environment of weakened negative AIDS prevention, rather than support and protect those in need. On HIV transmission or exposure to inappropriate increases crime law would prevent people from testing for HIV or HIV status publicly. On the MSM and degeneration groups, drug users and sex workers, the criminalization of the law would increase the susceptibility groups to provide necessary services such as prevention or treatment more difficult. In some countries, legal and law enforcement can not be marital and extra-marital rape in the protection of women, increasing women's vulnerability to HIV.
At the same time, many law infected with HIV and vulnerable populations have a positive impact example. These laws protect the rights of those infected get treatment, work, school and military environment of non-discrimination and protection of prisoners have AIDS prevention-related services. That ensure women's equal inheritance and property laws effectively reduce AIDS on women, children, families and communities.
There are currently more than 400 million infected people and patients are receiving life-saving treatment, new HIV infections in 2008 than in 2001, down 17%, which indicate that there is hope to enter a turning point in the AIDS epidemic. In order to achieve comprehensive development in all countries can and objectives and the Millennium Development Goals, punitive laws and human rights violations and other long-standing obstacles need to be overcome.
Helen Clark said UNDP Administrator, the next stage of AIDS must focus on improving the legal, regulatory and social environment, to promote human rights and gender equality. "Now there are 106 countries reported the existence of a serious impediment to effective laws and policies on AIDS prevention. We need a can to protect and promote HIV-susceptible populations, populations affected by AIDS and HIV rights environment." Clark said.
Michel Sidibe, UNAIDS Executive Director, as the elimination of punitive laws UNAIDS priority areas. "Now is the focus to AIDS prevention for people who do not have the opportunity to speak the time," he said, "we must be living with HIV and AIDS virus susceptible to work together. By changing the unfavorable legal environment, we can help build a future without AIDS, the leaders of the era. "
Global AIDS and the Law Committee widely from partners and stakeholders to support, including the Ford Foundation, the Australian Agency for International Development, including donors. Australia's AIDS Ambassador Procter, expressed strong support for the Commission and the Commission's work. "We commend the United Nations Development Programme and UNAIDS to promote the work bravely, and we welcome the opportunity to help and support."
The work of the Commission for 18 months, focusing on how to make legal services in an effective AIDS response, to a worldwide social mobilization and the promotion of open dialogue. The Commission's findings and recommendations will be published in December 2011. (Source: United Nations Development Programme)
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