艾滋孤儿成长受阻 期待完善救助方式


艾滋孤儿成长受阻 期待完善救助方式

 
 
http://kids.youth.cn   2010-03-31 09:44:00 中国少年网
 

  近年来,新疆民政、卫生、财政、教育等部门联合制定并出台了一系列救助艾滋孤儿的措施,将无人抚养、收养的艾滋孤儿安排入住当地儿童福利院或实行家庭寄养;对城乡16岁以上能独立生活的艾滋孤儿分别纳入城市低保和农村五保供养范围。从2010年起,受艾滋病影响的新疆儿童每人每月将得到600元的生活补助。

 

 

与同龄孩子一样,艾滋孤儿也需要天真烂漫的童年和少年。资料图

 

  记者从新疆防治艾滋病工作委员会办公室了解到,截至2009年9月底,新疆累计报告HIV(艾滋病病毒)感染者27012例,其中艾滋病病例3910例,死亡2555例,约占全国报告总人数的9%,累积报告人数列全国第四位。其中,2009年1月至9月新增艾滋病感染者和病人4073例。目前,新疆艾滋病感染者和病人已超过6万人。

 

许多艾滋孤儿在父母死亡后都由亲戚朋友收养,或被送到了儿童福利院。

  在志愿者的帮助下,记者联系到了已经17岁的阿合买提(化名)。14岁时阿合买提从伊犁来乌鲁木齐打工,虽然今年刚满17岁,但他看起来比同龄人要成熟很多。对于以前的生活,他不愿过多的提及。

  “爸爸吸毒,感染了艾滋病,在我5岁时就死了,妈妈也是这个病,我8岁时她也死了。”父母的去世,在他的嘴里只剩下这几句话。

  阿合买提说,他家在伊犁农村,家里很穷,记忆里爸爸总是不回家,还经常进派出所,回家就和妈妈吵架。

  父母死后他和舅舅生活在一起,舅舅告诉他,他的母亲是因为再次怀孕后才查出患了艾滋病。因为家庭变故,阿合买提没有读完小学就辍学了。他说,他恨自己的父母,也恨那些和父亲一起吸毒的人,如果不是他们,他会有一个完整的家。

  在伊犁时,阿合买提没有朋友,和他一起玩的几个小伙伴的父母也是吸毒早亡。一些同学得知他的父母是艾滋病人后经常拿石头砸他。无奈之下,14岁时,他跟着舅舅来到乌鲁木齐打工。

  “我觉得自己很幸运,因为有一个疼我的舅舅。如果没有他,我不知道自己会成什么样。”阿合买提说。

     根据有关资料显示,目前我国15岁以下、至少已经失去父母中一人的艾滋儿童大约有7.6万名,主要集中在河南、云南、 湖北、 安徽、新疆等地。

  在大多数情况下,艾滋孤儿身体检查结果在化验单上显示是“血HIV抗体阴性”,也就是说他们本身并没有感染艾滋病毒。但就是因为被冠以艾滋病这个让人谈之色变的词汇,他们本该引起人们的同情和帮助的孤儿身份,却让不少人“犹豫”了。

  在消息闭塞、对艾滋病认知更缺乏的农村,人们见到这些孩子避之惟恐不及。

  乌鲁木齐市红十字会一位长期从事防艾宣传的志愿者说,艾滋孤儿和同龄孩子一样,需要天真烂漫的童年和少年。

  其实,在失去至亲的巨大悲痛后,除了没有支柱的家庭更加贫困之外,他们需要鼓起更大的勇气来承受别人歧视、恐慌、躲避的言行。这些,会潜移默化地导致他们性格孤僻、自我封闭,严重影响他们的身心健康。

  对于艾滋孤儿这一特殊群体来说,获得和其他孩子一视同仁的平等待遇以及小伙伴们亲密无间的友情,往往和资金救助同样重要。

    新疆无专业救助组织

  新疆亚普禁毒防艾网的负责人、第六轮全球基金艾滋病项目负责人之一阿合买提·库尔班告诉记者,2003年,艾滋孤儿群体开始进入公众视野,伴随着媒体的聚焦,各种救助组织雨后春笋般涌现,大多数是以设立学校或孤儿院的模式对艾滋孤儿进行救助。但是在新疆,目前还没有专门接收艾滋孤儿的机构或者组织,许多艾滋孤儿在父母死亡后都由亲戚朋友收养,或被送到了儿童福利院,只有很少一部分被志愿者或者没有孩子的家庭收养。

  阿合买提·库尔班说,这些年里,不少艾滋病患者向他提到关于自己死后子女的生存问题,“但我无能为力,我能给予的只有精神上的宽慰,然后让他们向当地民政部门申请救助。”

  艾滋孤儿和其他的孤儿不同,因为父母的原因,他们在求学就业方面大都阻力重重。加上大多数艾滋家庭都非常贫困,所以艾滋孤儿们大多小小年纪就辍学。

  辍学之后,和很多在外流浪的孤儿一样,他们很容易被一些别有用心的人利用,继而走上犯罪的道路。

  阿合买提·库尔班介绍说,智行基金会模式是目前救助艾滋孤儿项目中最成功的一个。

  到目前为止,香港智行基金会救助的艾滋孤儿和孩子已有8000多人,分布在河南、安徽、山东、广东、广西、云南6省区,这个数字目前还在增加。

  阿合买提·库尔班介绍说,这个艾滋孤儿救助组织的领导人杜聪曾在河南上蔡等艾滋患者比较集中的地区资助当地艾滋孤儿上学及就业。

  智行基金会的理念是,在最短时间内救助最多的孩子。这个冷静理性的银行家选择了一条与众不同的路,也是他认为最稳妥可行、在短时间内可以大量铺开的方法:以村为单位,一个村一个村地摸底,量力而行地助学。在原居住地资助就学,让艾滋孤儿和一般孩子一起接受教育,这样有利于这些孩子的心态平衡发展,将来更容易融入社会。

  “凡符合救助条件的人都能得到救助。”迄今,智行模式已经持续10年,规模还在不断扩大,目前正向西部边远地区延伸。

  新疆一位民间防艾组织的志愿者在接受采访时表示,新疆的志愿者组织也曾想模仿智行基金会,用成立基金的方式来救助新疆的艾滋孤儿,但由于草根组织没有影响力,加之没有资金,目前这还只能是一个设想。

    救助难点在农村

  “除了物质上的,精神及心理上的关怀也要跟上,但目前很多人都忽视了这一点。”因为弟弟吸毒去世,收养了外甥的的志愿者阿依古丽对记者说。

  2008年,曾有一家专业机构为280多名艾滋孤儿做了专业的心理调查。

  调查发现,艾滋孤儿的情感和心理上的异常,在父母经历精神压抑和在艾滋病发作的过程中就已开始,经济负担的加重,被羞辱、被指责、被排斥或遭受剥削和暴力所造成的激烈的内心冲突也愈演愈烈。

  乌市红十字会的一名志愿者说,随着艾滋孤儿逐渐成年,救助深度也应加大力度:从生存层面援助向支持孤儿人生发展层面提升。

  近年,智行基金会开始扩大力度资助越来越多的高中生、技校生和大学生,尤其是鼓励考不上高中或早早辍学打工的艾滋孤儿读技术学校,或参加职业培训。

  记者在走访中发现,目前技术学校比高中甚至大学更受艾滋家庭的欢迎,培训一到两年,读书周期短回报快,又能使孩子学到一技之长,还会因此找到相对体面的工作。

  “真正为艾滋孤儿服务,就应该跟踪他们的成长,根据实际需要创造出相应模式。”随着孩子们的长大,艾滋孤儿问题可能要从一个生存问题变成一个社会问题。

  “艾滋孤儿从农村到了城市,不知道如何和城市打交道,有畏惧感,没有社会支持网络。”这名志愿者说,在伊宁市喀尔墩乡一个叫“温馨家园”的儿童活动,就是为了帮助艾滋孤儿摆脱心理阴影,目前已经收到了不错的成效。  (记者张福军报道)

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  • 艾滋孤兒成長受阻期待完善救助方式

    Looking forward to improve the growth of AIDS orphans hampered rescue mode
    http://kids.youth.cn 2010-03-31 09:44:00 China Youth Net
     
    In recent years, Xinjiang, civil affairs, health, finance, education and other departments have jointly formulated and promulgated a series of relief measures for AIDS orphans will be no support, adoption, placement of AIDS orphans in the implementation of local child welfare or foster care; on the 16-year-old urban and rural more AIDS orphans living independently were included in the minimum living standard and scope of the subsistence program.
    Starting in 2010, children affected by AIDS in Xinjiang will be 600 yuan per person per month living allowance.







    With age children, AIDS orphans also need to innocent childhood and adolescence.
    Data for



    Reporter from the Xinjiang AIDS Working Committee Office was informed that as of the end of September 2009, Xinjiang has reported HIV (AIDS virus) infection 27,012 cases, of which 3,910 cases of AIDS cases, 2555 cases of death, accounting for 9% of the total number of reports, cumulative report of the fourth in the number of columns. Which, in January 2009 to September new HIV infections and 4,073 cases of patients.
    At present, Xinjiang has been living with HIV and patients more than 6 million people.





    Many AIDS orphans by their parents after the death of friends and relatives to adoption, or sent to the orphanage.

    The help of volunteers, journalists have been linked to 17-year-old Ahmat (a pseudonym). 14 years old Ahmat working from Ili to Urumqi, although just over 17 years old, but he seemed to mature a lot more than their peers.
    For the previous life, he does not want too much for mentioning it.

    "Daddy, drugs, infected with AIDS, in my 5 years old died, her mother is the disease, I was 8 years old she died." Parents died, in his mouth only words.

    Ahmat, said his family in the Ili rural, poor family, memories of my father does not always go home, often into the police station, coming home and her mother quarrel.

    After the death of his parents and uncle live with his uncle told him that his mother was identified as pregnant again after suffering from AIDS. Because of family tragedies, Ahmat did not finish primary school drop out.
    He said he hated his parents and his father who also hate drugs, and if not them, he will have a complete home.

    In Ili, the Ahmat no friends, and playing with his partner's parents are also several small drug premature death. Some students learned that his parents are AIDS patients often get a rock after him.
    In desperation, age 14, he followed his uncle came to Urumqi working.

    "I feel very lucky, because there is a pain to my uncle. If not him, I do not know what will become." Ahmat said.

         
    According to the statistics show that China's 15 years of age, has lost at least one parent with HIV, approximately 76,000 children, mainly in Henan, Yunnan, Hubei, Anhui, Xinjiang and other places.

    In most cases, physical examination results of AIDS orphans in the laboratory show that "blood HIV antibody negative," that they themselves are not infected with HIV.
    However, to be known as AIDS because people talk about the mere mention of words, they are the cause for the sympathy and help orphans identity and allows a lot of people "hesitation" of.

    In the message block, more a lack of awareness of AIDS in rural areas, people see these children to avoid fear.

    Urumqi, a longtime Red Cross volunteer, said AIDS prevention propaganda, AIDS orphans and children the same age as the need to innocent childhood and adolescence.

    In fact, after losing loved ones great sorrow, in addition to more poverty, no pillars outside the home, they need to muster more courage to suffer discrimination against others, panic, avoid words and deeds.
    These will be imperceptibly led them withdrawn and self-enclosed, seriously affecting their physical and mental health.

    For this special group of AIDS orphans, the children equal access and equal treatment as well as other small partners intimate friendship, and financial assistance are equally important.

        
    Xinjiang no professional rescue organizations

    Xinjiang Yap person in charge of anti-drug AIDS prevention network, the sixth round of Global Fund AIDS project for one of the Ahe buy Tiku Er Ban told reporters, in 2003, AIDS orphans groups into public view, along with the media scrutiny, the kinds of relief organizations have sprung up, most are set up model schools or orphanages to rescue AIDS orphans. But in Xinjiang, there are no AIDS orphans to receive special institutions or organizations, many AIDS orphans by their parents after the death of friends and relatives to adoption, or sent to the orphanage, only a small part by volunteers, or adoptive families without children
    .

    Ahe buy Tiku Er classes, these years, the number of AIDS patients referred to him after the death of their children on their own survival, "but I can not, I can give only spiritual comfort, and then allow them to
    Local civil affairs departments for assistance. "

    AIDS orphans and other orphans different, because the reasons for the parents, most of them in education and employment aspects of heavy resistance.
    Most families with HIV are very poor, so they are mostly AIDS orphans drop out of school at a tender age.

    After dropping out of school, and many wandering orphans, they are easily used by some people with ulterior motives, and then into crime.

    Ahe buy Tiku Er classes, said, Chi Heng Foundation, mode rescue AIDS orphans project is the most successful one.

    So far, rescue Chi Heng Foundation in Hong Kong AIDS orphans and children has more than 8,000 people, located in Henan, Anhui, Shandong, Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, six provinces and autonomous regions, this figure is increasing at present.

    Ahe buy Tiku Er classes, said, relief organizations, the leaders of AIDS orphans in Henan shangcai Du Cong HIV patients are concentrated such as funding for local AIDS orphans to school districts and employment.

    Chi Heng Foundation's philosophy is that, in the shortest possible time save up to children. The calm and rational bankers chose a different path, but also his view that the safest possible, in a short time can roll out a large number of ways: in the village as a unit, a village by village, thoroughly, and within our capabilities to help Science.
    Funded school in the original place of residence, so that AIDS orphans and children with general education, so that is conducive to the balanced development of the mentality of these children, in the future more easily into society.

    "People who meet the conditions can get relief assistance." So far, the Chilean line mode has been going on for 10 years, the scale is still expanding, currently being an extension of the remote western region.

    Xinjiang, a non-governmental AIDS prevention organization, said in an interview volunteers, volunteer organization in Xinjiang have to imitate the Chi Heng Foundation, with the establishment of fund to rescue AIDS orphans in Xinjiang, but there is no influence of grass-roots organizations, in addition
    lack of funds, which currently has only one idea.

        
    Assistance difficult in rural areas

    "In addition to material, spiritual and psychological care must keep up, but many people ignore this." Drug because of his brother's death, adoption, the nephew of volunteers Yi Gul told reporters.

    In 2008, there have been a professional organization made for the 280 orphans Duomingaizi professional psychological investigation.

    The survey found that AIDS orphans emotional and psychological abnormalities, mental depression, and parents through the process in the onset of AIDS began, a heavier financial burden, and humiliated, accused of being excluded or subjected to exploitation and violence caused by
    intense inner conflicts intensified.

    Urumqi, a Red Cross volunteer, said that with the gradual adult AIDS orphans, relief depth should be greater efforts: from the level of assistance to support the orphans living life to enhance the development dimension.

    In recent years, the Chi Heng Foundation began funding efforts to expand a growing number of high school, technical school students and college students, especially to encourage workers dropping out of school early enough to test into high school or read technical school for AIDS orphans, or participate in vocational training.

    Reporter visited found that the current technical school or college more than high school by the HIV family welcome, training one to two years, reading a short period return quickly, it also enabled children to learn skills, will therefore find a relatively decent job.

    "The real service for the AIDS orphans, they should follow their growth, according to the actual need to create the appropriate model." As children grow up, AIDS orphans may be from a matter of survival into a social problem.

    "AIDS orphans from rural to urban, and cities do not know how to deal with, there is a sense of fear, lack of social support network." Volunteers said that, in Yining City Dakar Dunxiang called "warm home" children's activities, that is, To help get rid of psychological shadow of AIDS orphans, now has received good results.
    (Reporter Fujun report) 
     

http://kids.youth.cn 2010-03-31 09:44:00 中國少年網
 
近年來,新疆民政、衛生、財政、教育等部門聯合製定並出台了一系列救助艾滋孤兒的措施,將無人撫養、收養的艾滋孤兒安排入住當地兒童福利院或實行家庭寄養;對城鄉16歲以上能獨立生活的艾滋孤兒分別納入城市低保和農村五保供養範圍。
從2010年起,受艾滋病影響的新疆兒童每人每月將得到600元的生活補助。







與同齡孩子一樣,艾滋孤兒也需要天真爛漫的童年和少年。
資料圖



記者從新疆防治艾滋病工作委員會辦公室了解到,截至2009年9月底,新疆累計報告HIV(艾滋病病毒)感染者27012例,其中艾滋病病例3910例,死亡2555例,約佔全國報告總人數的9%,累積報告人數列全國第四位。其中,2009年1月至9月新增艾滋病感染者和病人4073例。
目前,新疆艾滋病感染者和病人已超過6萬人。





許多艾滋孤兒在父母死亡後都由親戚朋友收養,或被送到了兒童福利院。

在志願者的幫助下,記者聯繫到了已經17歲的阿合買提(化名)。 14歲時阿合買提從伊犁來烏魯木齊打工,雖然今年剛滿17歲,但他看起來比同齡人要成熟很多。
對於以前的生活,他不願過多的提及。

“爸爸吸毒,感染了艾滋病,在我5歲時就死了,媽媽也是這個病,我8歲時她也死了。”父母的去世,在他的嘴裡只剩下這幾句話。

阿合買提說,他家在伊犁農村,家裡很窮,記憶裡爸爸總是不回家,還經常進派出所,回家就和媽媽吵架。

父母死後他和舅舅生活在一起,舅舅告訴他,他的母親是因為再次懷孕後才查出患了艾滋病。因為家庭變故,阿合買提沒有讀完小學就輟學了。
他說,他恨自己的父母,也恨那些和父親一起吸毒的人,如果不是他們,他會有一個完整的家。

在伊犁時,阿合買提沒有朋友,和他一起玩的幾個小伙伴的父母也是吸毒早亡。一些同學得知他的父母是艾滋病人後經常拿石頭砸他。
無奈之下,14歲時,他跟著舅舅來到烏魯木齊打工。

“我覺得自己很幸運,因為有一個疼我的舅舅。如果沒有他,我不知道自己會成什麼樣。”阿合買提說。

     
根據有關資料顯示,目前我國15歲以下、至少已經失去父母中一人的艾滋兒童大約有7.6萬名,主要集中在河南、雲南、 湖北、 安徽、新疆等地。

在大多數情況下,艾滋孤兒身體檢查結果在化驗單上顯示是“血HIV抗體陰性”,也就是說他們本身並沒有感染艾滋病毒。
但就是因為被冠以艾滋病這個讓人談之色變的詞彙,他們本該引起人們的同情和幫助的孤兒身份,卻讓不少人“猶豫”了。

在消息閉塞、對艾滋病認知更缺乏的農村,人們見到這些孩子避之惟恐不及。

烏魯木齊市紅十字會一位長期從事防艾宣傳的志願者說,艾滋孤兒和同齡孩子一樣,需要天真爛漫的童年和少年。

其實,在失去至親的巨大悲痛後,除了沒有支柱的家庭更加貧困之外,他們需要鼓起更大的勇氣來承受別人歧視、恐慌、躲避的言行。
這些,會潛移默化地導致他們性格孤僻、自我封閉,嚴重影響他們的身心健康。

對於艾滋孤兒這一特殊群體來說,獲得和其他孩子一視同仁的平等待遇以及小伙伴們親密無間的友情,往往和資金救助同樣重要。

    
新疆無專業救助組織

新疆亞普禁毒防艾網的負責人、第六輪全球基金艾滋病項目負責人之一阿合買提·庫爾班告訴記者,2003年,艾滋孤兒群體開始進入公眾視野,伴隨著媒體的聚焦,各種救助組織雨後春筍般湧現,大多數是以設立學校或孤兒院的模式對艾滋孤兒進行救助。但是在新疆,目前還沒有專門接收艾滋孤兒的機構或者組織,許多艾滋孤兒在父母死亡後都由親戚朋友收養,或被送到了兒童福利院,只有很少一部分被志願者或者沒有孩子的家庭收養


阿合買提·庫爾班說,這些年裡,不少艾滋病患者向他提到關於自己死後子女的生存問題,“但我無能為力,我能給予的只有精神上的寬慰,然後讓他們向
當地民政部門申請救助。”

艾滋孤兒和其他的孤兒不同,因為父母的原因,他們在求學就業方面大都阻力重重。
加上大多數艾滋家庭都非常貧困,所以艾滋孤兒們大多小小年紀就輟學。

輟學之後,和很多在外流浪的孤兒一樣,他們很容易被一些別有用心的人利用,繼而走上犯罪的道路。

阿合買提·庫爾班介紹說,智行基金會模式是目前救助艾滋孤兒項目中最成功的一個。

到目前為止,香港智行基金會救助的艾滋孤兒和孩子已有8000多人,分佈在河南、安徽、山東、廣東、廣西、雲南6省區,這個數字目前還在增加。

阿合買提·庫爾班介紹說,這個艾滋孤兒救助組織的領導人杜聰曾在河南上蔡等艾滋患者比較集中的地區資助當地艾滋孤兒上學及就業。

智行基金會的理念是,在最短時間內救助最多的孩子。這個冷靜理性的銀行家選擇了一條與眾不同的路,也是他認為最穩妥可行、在短時間內可以大量鋪開的方法:以村為單位,一個村一個村地摸底,量力而行地助學。
在原居住地資助就學,讓艾滋孤兒和一般孩子一起接受教育,這樣有利於這些孩子的心態平衡發展,將來更容易融入社會。

“凡符合救助條件的人都能得到救助。”迄今,智行模式已經持續10年,規模還在不斷擴大,目前正向西部邊遠地區延伸。

新疆一位民間防艾組織的志願者在接受采訪時表示,新疆的志願者組織也曾想模仿智行基金會,用成立基金的方式來救助新疆的艾滋孤兒,但由於草根組織沒有影響力,加之
沒有資金,目前這還只能是一個設想。

    
救助難點在農村

“除了物質上的,精神及心理上的關懷也要跟上,但目前很多人都忽視了這一點。”因為弟弟吸毒去世,收養了外甥的的志願者阿依古麗對記者說。

2008年,曾有一家專業機構為280多名艾滋孤兒做了專業的心理調查。

調查發現,艾滋孤兒的情感和心理上的異常,在父母經歷精神壓抑和在艾滋病發作的過程中就已開始,經濟負擔的加重,被羞辱、被指責、被排斥或遭受剝削和暴力所造成的
激烈的內心衝突也愈演愈烈。

烏市紅十字會的一名志願者說,隨著艾滋孤兒逐漸成年,救助深度也應加大力度:從生存層面援助向支持孤兒人生髮展層面提升。

近年,智行基金會開始擴大力度資助越來越多的高中生、技校生和大學生,尤其是鼓勵考不上高中或早早輟學打工的艾滋孤兒讀技術學校,或參加職業培訓。

記者在走訪中發現,目前技術學校比高中甚至大學更受艾滋家庭的歡迎,培訓一到兩年,讀書周期短回報快,又能使孩子學到一技之長,還會因此找到相對體面的工作。

“真正為艾滋孤兒服務,就應該跟踪他們的成長,根據實際需要創造出相應模式。”隨著孩子們的長大,艾滋孤兒問題可能要從一個生存問題變成一個社會問題。

“艾滋孤兒從農村到了城市,不知道如何和城市打交道,有畏懼感,沒有社會支持網絡。”這名志願者說,在伊寧市喀爾墩鄉一個叫“溫馨家園”的兒童活動,就是為了幫助艾滋孤兒擺脫心理陰影,目前已經收到了不錯的成效。 (記者張福軍報導)
 
 
 
 
 

[ 作者:佚名    转贴自:本站原创    点击数:196    更新时间:2010-3-31    文章录入:nnb ]