宋圭武观点11：社会越道德稀缺，社会异化问题越严重
有一种观点认为计划经济是致命的自负，这是对理性设计的怀疑，但也包含对自身的否定。因为怀疑理性设计也是一种理性，其本身也包含致命的自负。
从实践看，计划经济在实践上问题确实是多多。同样，市场经济的自由秩序在实践上也是问题多多。
社会问题最终是实践说了算。是选择市场，还是选择计划，是实践效果说了算。要立足实践检验制度效果，然后两害相权取其轻，或两利相权取其大。不顾实践效果，抽象说市场或计划最优，都是一种致命的自负。
一般而言，一个国家如何选择体制，既要考虑自身的经济基础，还要考虑自身的文化等因素。文化是影响制度选择的一个深层变量。
具体到产业，不同产业有不同的体制要求。有些产业更适合市场体制，有些产业更适合计划体制。有些产业更适合私有制，有些产业更适合公有制。如何选择，最终要立足实践检验。
社会发展，既要发展经济，也要改进制度，还要建设文化。文化是深层。
任何社会改革，包括制度选择或创新，最终都是利益博弈的均衡。不管是基于理性设计，还是基于市场自由秩序均衡，都脱离不了利益博弈格局。
在利益博弈中，如何对待利益，尤其如何对待自身利益的得失，深层次有一个德的问题。
厚德载物。厚德的社会，利益博弈必然多是高水平均衡，而道德稀缺的社会，利益博弈必然多是囚徒困境。
在体制选择上，道德稀缺的社会，计划和市场都是高成本，只能选择看哪一个成本更小一些；而厚德的社会，计划和市场，都不会太差，最终要看哪一个收益更高。
总之，在道德稀缺的环境中，道高一尺，魔高一丈，任何选择都是一种致命的自负。在道德稀缺的社会，左也不是，右也不是，退也不是，进也不是，动也不是，不动也不是。道德稀缺的社会，本质是一个异化的社会，而且社会越道德稀缺，社会异化问题越严重。
Song Guiwu's opinion 11: The more morally deficient a society is, the more serious the problem of social alienation is
There is a view that planned economy is fatally proud. This is a doubt about rational design, but it also contains a denial of itself.Because doubting rational design is also a kind of rationality, it itself also contains fatal arrogance.From the perspective of practice, planned economy does have many problems in practice.Similarly, the free order of market economy also has many problems in practice.Social problems are ultimately decided by practice.Whether to choose the market or plan is decided by the effect of practice.We should test the effect of the system based on practice, and then take the lesser of two evils or the greater of two benefits.Regardless of the effect of practice, it is a fatal arrogance to say abstractly that the market or plan is optimal.Generally speaking, how a country chooses its system should not only consider its economic base, but also consider its culture and other factors.Culture is a deep variable that affects the choice of system.When it comes to industries, different industries have different system requirements.Some industries are more suitable for market system, some industries are more suitable for planned system.Some industries are more suitable for private ownership, some industries are more suitable for public ownership.How to choose, ultimately, we should base on practice.Social development requires not only economic development, but also system improvement and cultural construction.Culture is deep. Any social reform, including system choice or innovation, is ultimately the equilibrium of the interests of the game.Whether it is based on rational design or market free order equilibrium, it can not be separated from the pattern of interests game.In the interests game, how to treat interests, especially how to treat the gains and losses of their own interests, there is a deep moral problem.A society of great virtue, the interests of the game is bound to be a high level of equilibrium, and the society of moral scarcity, the interests of the game is bound to be a prisoner's dilemma.In the system choice, the society of moral scarcity, the plan and the market are both high cost, and can only choose which one has a smaller cost;while the society of great virtue, the plan and the market are not too bad, and ultimately depend on which one has a higher return.In short, in the environment of moral scarcity, the law is one foot higher, and the devil is one foot higher, and any choice is a fatal conceit.In the society of moral scarcity, left is not right, retreat is not, advance is not, move is not, and stay is not.The society of moral scarcity is a society of alienation in essence, and the more moral scarcity is, the more serious the problem of social alienation is.