王碧雯目前只能躺在床上，用铁丝撑起被褥 羊城晚报记者 周巍摄
羊城晚报独家披露“最爱”夫妻（女方是艾滋病毒携带者）妻子烧伤就医难后（详见《羊城晚报》9月14日A3版《谁来拯救这段真爱》及其后续），在社会上引起了巨大反响。羊城晚报记者为了让王碧雯能尽快接受手术救治，与医院和卫生部门多方联系，但截至目前仍未能为患者找到合适的收治医院。不过，在广东省卫生厅副厅长廖新波(微博)的协调下，四大医院日前对王碧雯实施了会诊。
回顾前后的曲折经历，这对命途多舛的夫妻透视出最深刻的无奈―――艾滋病毒感染者就医何其难！由于HIV感染者的特殊身份，这个群体在寻求医疗救治时，多少会遭受到医疗机构的歧视。对此，有关机构建议：取消“艾滋定点医院”的设置，将艾滋病治疗纳入常规医疗体系。
治疗渐规范，四周后才能植皮
9月20日，广东省省卫生厅副厅长廖新波亲率专家前往英德看望王碧雯，并展开会诊。自此之后，尽管专家认定王碧雯不具备转院进行手术的身体条件，但其治疗和生活较之前还是有了很大的改善。
据英德市人民医院院长李耀斌介绍，该院为患者提供了经过严格消毒清洁后的单间传染病房，并购置了空调、热水器等生活用品，还特地配备了预防褥疮和压伤的气垫床，为患者提供了免费的营养餐。在治疗方面，则为病人安排专人护理，邓泽润不必再事事亲为。烧伤创面的治疗也渐趋规范。省卫生厅为此专门下拨烧伤药物，患者告别了涂敷草药。
英德市人民医院近日连续邀请烧伤专家对患者会诊，诊断、监测及治疗方案不断调整优化。9月23日晚，南方医院、中山大学附属第一医院、广州市红会医院和广东省人民医院四家医院的专家，专程抵达英德对王碧雯进行会诊。会诊结果与之前并没有太大不同，王碧雯现阶段仍以抗感染治疗为主，以期提升其自身免疫能力。植皮手术则要在患者身体机能恢复到一定程度后才能进行。这段过渡时间大约四周左右。
至此，对王碧雯的救治终于走上了正轨。
HIV感染者合法权益应保护
9月16日晚，邓泽润彻夜难眠，深深为妻子及有类似遭遇的HIV感染者的命运担忧。17日一大早，他给记者发了一条很长的短信：“现在我妻子还是没能找到条件好些的医院收治我们，如今我心中的压力也越来越大，因为现在的问题不仅仅是救助我妻子，也许现在正有很多HIV感染者需要做手术而被拒绝。我希望有更多的社会人士和媒体来关注HIV感染者手术难的问题。我们不想做什么风云人物，我们只想HIV感染者的合法权益能得到保护。”
艾滋人士：求医遭拒很普遍
邓泽润向记者透露，9月16日晚清远当地某艾滋病毒感染者团体的负责人曾来医院看望过他和他的妻子，该人士告诉邓泽润，自己以前也因身体健康问题求医而遭到医院拒绝。这位负责人说：“在HIV感染者群体中，这是普遍存在的现象。”他们正与北京的媒体联系，希望改变这个群体备受医疗歧视的现状。
为尊重当事人的隐私，邓泽润没有告诉记者这个感染者团体的联系方式。这位神秘人士的姓名和身份甚至连邓泽润都不清楚，只是说“还会再联系他”。
这位匿名的艾滋感染者团体负责人，或许透露了大多数HIV携带者卑微而无奈的心境。在种种歧视当中，最令人痛心的就是艾滋病毒感染者所遭遇的“就医歧视”。感染者群体在罹患其他疾病后，因为身体状态特殊，本身就面临着比常人更大的风险，亟须治疗之际，反而遭医院拒绝治疗，无异于雪上加霜。
如延误救治可提诉讼要赔偿
王碧雯就医屡遭拒绝的经历经本报披露后，数位公益律师均表示，愿为当事人提供义务法律援助。在公益律师眼中，对艾滋病毒感染者的“就医歧视”，是公然无视国家相关法律法规的违法行为，这个特殊群体应敢于捍卫自己的正当权益。
北京瑞风律师事务所著名公益律师李方平说，医院因为病人感染HIV而拒绝提供医疗救治，毫无疑问是侵权行为。《传染病防治法》和《艾滋病防治条例》都明确规定，医院对于传染病人或艾滋病毒携带者不得歧视和拒收。
谈到王碧雯，李方平称，医院拒绝接收而延误治疗，直接造成了当事人病情加重的后果。烧伤四个月后进行植皮手术,成功率比当初大为降低。“当事人经过确切的医疗鉴定后，完全可以向院方提起民事诉讼，请求赔偿损失。如果事实成立，医院领导及烧伤科主管还应承担相应的行政责任，严重的甚至可以吊销医师执业证书。”
深圳的公益律师庞琨也说，医院对前来就诊的病人负有救治的义务，如果由于院方有意拒绝接治，造成患者错过最佳治疗时机，那么就构成了民事侵权。患者有权提出民事赔偿的要求。尤其对于像王碧雯这样的危重病人，在追究相关负责人行政责任的同时，甚至可能追究其所负的刑事责任。庞琨多年来代理过多起乙肝就业歧视案，以及残疾人起诉深圳地铁公司户籍歧视案等许多公益诉讼案。他说，与就业歧视和户籍歧视等相比，就医歧视在危害程度上更甚，属于直接侵犯当事人的生命健康权，所承担的法律责任会更严重。
对策：完善落实相关法规
明确综合和定点医院职责
艾滋病毒感染者为何遭到就医歧视？一个很普遍的原因是，医院惧怕病毒交叉感染。
综合、定点医院各有短板
广东省第二人民医院创伤外科某专家称，对艾滋病毒感染者进行其他病症的治疗，“必须采取严密隔离措施，防止传染病源扩散，确保其他病人和医护人员的安全。”但事实上，并不是每一家医院都具备防感染的硬件设施和人才资源。
在现有医疗资源配置下，具有手术施治能力的综合性医院，很多都缺乏预防感染的经验，甚至可能连专门的传染病房都没有。“艾滋病定点医院”的存在，顺理成章成为了一些医疗机构拒绝为HIV感染者提供常规医疗服务的借口。
而所谓的“艾滋病定点医院”，则往往都是传染病专科医院，不具备综合性医院的学科体系和救治能力，甚至缺少进行常规手术的设备和器械，无法为感染者提供综合性的诊疗服务。艾滋病毒感染者患了其他病症，常常就在综合性医院和“定点医院”间被踢来踢去。
反歧视法规没能落实
公益律师庞琨从法律角度指出，当前有关艾滋病毒感染者不受歧视的法规政策，没有得到卫生部门大力落实，这也是医疗机构频频拒收HIV感染者的主因之一。庞琨还提到，在利益驱动下，医院也不愿接收艾滋病毒感染者，因为这样可能会导致“其他病人就医时更谨慎，甚至放弃这家医院而转投他方”。
取消“艾滋定点医院”？
今年年初，由联合国国际劳工组织、中国疾病预防控制中心、中国艾滋病病毒携带者联盟等机构联合发布了我国《艾滋病感染者看病难、手术难现状及其应对策略研究》，提出解决措施：着重于完善并加强政策法规的落实，进一步明确综合医院和“定点医院”的职责，在完善医务人员因职业暴露感染艾滋病的保障基础上，保护HIV感染者或艾滋病人的就医权。
另一份由中国艾滋病病毒携带者联盟和中国人口福利基金会共同编撰的《关于解决我国艾滋病病毒感染者和艾滋病病人“手术难”问题的建议》提出：干脆取消“艾滋定点医院”，将艾滋病治疗纳入常规医疗体系，以免出现推诿现象。《建议》称：感染者有关艾滋病治疗的诊疗服务由各医疗机构的感染科（室）承担，感染者所患的其他与艾滋病无关的疾病按诊疗需求由相应科（室）承担；当病人所患疾病确实存在科室交叉时，规定由主要科室牵头开展联合会诊；卫生部门可推出一批“示范”医院，解决感染者“病无所医”的局面。
反歧视人士雷闯：
“公务员招聘排除HIV携带者，与法相悖”
反歧视人士雷闯，在微博上为“最爱”夫妻发出呼吁：“若有哪家医院收治，我给它磕头，不食言。”记者与他展开对话―――
羊城晚报：你觉得形成传染病歧视的原因是什么？是否过分恐惧？
雷闯：对。尤其是医务人员，他们对于这方面的知识了解越多，反而越会感到恐惧，这是很奇怪的一点。对于乙肝的歧视，更大程度是由于人们不了解所造成的。
羊城晚报：这方面歧视怎么样解决？
雷闯：国家有很多反歧视的法律法规，一定要加强落实。我之前接触到很多企业，他们明知不能够以乙肝病毒携带者为由拒绝求职者，但还是冒着被处罚的风险违规检查乙肝，这说明政府检查落实的力度太小。
甚至有时政府部门的规定与法律是相悖的。《就业促进法》明确规定用人单位招用人员，不得以是传染病病原携带者为由拒绝录用，但现在的公务员招聘，直接把HIV携带者排除在外了。
另一方面，政府部门必须做好传染病的宣传普及，让公众对此有科学的认识，消除恐惧。大家都参与，拒绝歧视。
羊城晚报：像“最爱”夫妻遭到就医歧视，医院应该承担什么责任？
雷闯：在传染病这方面国家有完备的规定，医院是不能拒收的，它现在不作为，那肯定是违法行为。
传染病相关法律法规条文
●《艾滋病防治条例》
第三条任何单位和个人不得歧视艾滋病病毒感染者、艾滋病病人及其家属。艾滋病病毒感染者、艾滋病病人及其家属享有的婚姻、就业、就医、入学等合法权益受法律保护。
第四十一条医疗机构应当为艾滋病病毒感染者和艾滋病病人提供艾滋病防治咨询、诊断和治疗服务。医疗机构不得因就诊的病人是艾滋病病毒感染者或者艾滋病病人，推诿或者拒绝对其其他疾病进行治疗。
●《侵权责任法》
第五十七条 医务人员在诊疗活动中未尽到与当时的医疗水平相应的诊疗义务，造成患者损害的，医疗机构应当承担赔偿责任。
●《传染病防治法》
第十六条国家和社会应当关心、帮助传染病病人、病原携带者和疑似传染病病人，使其得到及时救治。任何单位和个人不得歧视传染病病人、病原携带者和疑似传染病病人。（注：艾滋病属于乙类传染病）
艾滋病不治会早死，早治才康复 艾滋病不治会早死，早治才康复 艾滋病不治会早死，早治才康复 艾滋病不治会早死，早治才康复
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| 图示∶2011年5月正式出版的《中国特色医疗金鉴》登载的刘君主任及其机构事迹 |
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AIDS discrimination in medical care have been repeatedly failed to implement anti-discrimination laws
2011-09-27 14:12 Source: People
Wang Biwen can only lie in bed, propped up with wire bedding Yangcheng Evening News reporter Zhou Wei photo
Yangcheng Evening News exclusive disclosure of "favorite" husband and wife (the woman is HIV-positive) after seeing a doctor, his wife burns (see "Yangcheng Evening News" September 14 A3 version of "Who will save this love" and its follow-up), in aroused a great response. Yangcheng Evening News reporter as soon as possible to allow Wang Biwen surgery treatment, hospitals and health departments with multi-link, but so far not been able to find a suitable for patients admitted to hospital. However, in the Guangdong provincial health department deputy director Liao Xinbo (microblogging), coordinated by the four major hospital has implemented a consultation for Wang Biwen.
Recalling the ups and downs before and after the experience, which is drawn the short straw in the couple's perspective the most profound helplessness --- HIV medical Qinan! As the special status of those infected with HIV, seek medical treatment in this group, the number of medical institutions will be subjected to discrimination. In this regard, the agency proposed: the abolition of "HIV sentinel hospital" setting, the AIDS treatment into routine health care system.
Treatment gradually standardized, four weeks before skin grafting
September 20, the Guangdong Provincial Health Department deputy director Liao Xinbo personally led experts to visit Wang Biwen Britain and Germany, and launched a consultation. Since then, though experts do not have the transfers identified Wang Biwen physical condition for surgery, but still compared to the previous treatment and life has been greatly improved.
According to the Anglo-German City People's Hospital Li Yaobin introduced, the hospital provides for patients to undergo a rigorous disinfection of infectious diseases after the one-room house, and the acquisition of air conditioning, water heaters and other household items, specially equipped with a cushion to prevent pressure sores and bruised-bed, provide patients with a free nutritious meal. In terms of treatment, compared with patients arrange for someone to care, Deng Zerun do not have to do everything by yourself. The treatment of burn wounds has become increasingly standardized. Provincial Health Department allocated for this purpose burn medications, patients leave the coating herbs.
Yingde City People's Hospital has a continuous burn experts were invited to consultation, diagnosis, monitoring and treatment programs continue to adjust and optimize. The evening of September 23, Nanfang Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhongshan University, Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital and the Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, four hospitals, specialists, arrived in Britain and Germany made a special trip for Wang Biwen for consultation. Consultation before the results are not much different, Wang Biwen stage anti-infective therapy is still in order to enhance its own immunity. Skin grafting will have to restore physical function in patients only after a certain extent. During this transition time is about four weeks or so.
Thus, the treatment of Wang Biwen finally on the right track.
HIV-infected persons should be protected the legitimate rights and interests
The evening of September 16, Deng Zerun sleep at night, deep and have a similar experience for his wife's concerns about the fate of HIV-infected persons. 17 Early in the morning, he made to reporters a very long text message: "Now my wife still could not find a better hospital conditions treated us, and now my heart is also growing pressure, because the issue is not just rescue my wife, maybe now there are many living with HIV need to be refused surgery and I hope that more members of the community and the media to pay attention to HIV infection surgery difficult problem and we do not want to do man, we just want to HIV the legitimate rights and interests of infected persons can be protected. "
HIV who: refused medical treatment are common
Deng Zerun told reporters the night of September 16, Qingyuan, a local group of HIV-infected person in charge had been to the hospital to visit him and his wife, the person told Dengze Run, but also because of his past health problems and was hospital doctor rejected. The official said: "In the HIV-infected population, which is a common phenomenon." They are with Beijing's media contact, much of this group want to change the status of health care discrimination.
To respect the privacy of the parties, Dengze Run did not tell reporters the infected group contact. The mysterious person's name and identity are not clear even Dengze Run, but said, "will contact him again."
The anonymous HIV-infected group leaders, said the majority of HIV carriers may humble and helpless state of mind. Among the various kinds of discrimination, the most distressing is that people living with HIV suffered a "medical discrimination." Infected groups in the risk of other diseases, the special status because the body itself faced with a greater than average risk, an urgent need to treat the occasion, but was refused hospital treatment and misfortunes.
Such as delayed treatment can put action to compensate
Wang Biwen repeatedly refused medical treatment after the disclosure by the newspaper experience, several public interest lawyers have said that the party is willing to provide voluntary legal assistance. In the eyes of public interest lawyers, to HIV-infected persons' medical discrimination ", is the blatant disregard for national laws and regulations related to illegal activities, this special group should have the courage to defend their legitimate interests.
Beijing Refine public interest lawyers, Li Fangping, a famous law firm, said the hospital because patients infected with HIV and the denial of medical treatment, there is no doubt in tort. "Communicable Disease Prevention Act" and "AIDS Prevention Act" are clearly defined, hospitals for infectious diseases or HIV without discrimination and rejection.
Speaking Wangbi Wen, Li Fangping, said the hospital refused to receive delayed treatment, a direct result of the parties the consequences of exacerbations. Burns skin grafting after four months, the success rate is much lower than the original. "After the party, after identification of the exact health, the hospital can bring a civil action, the request for damages if the facts established in the hospital burn unit in charge of the leadership and administrative responsibilities should also bear the corresponding serious cases, physicians practicing certificate can be revoked."
Shenzhen Kun Pang also said that public interest lawyers, hospital treatment of patients come to bear on the treatment of the obligation, if interested because the hospital refused to accept treatment, causing patients to miss the best timing of treatment, then it constitutes a tort. Patients have the right to civil compensation. Especially for critically ill patients such as Wang Biwen, hold the relevant person in charge of administrative responsibilities at the same time, they may even pursue criminal responsibility. Pang Kun too much over the years from the hepatitis B agent employment discrimination case, and persons with disabilities sued the Shenzhen Metro's household and many public interest cases of discrimination lawsuits. He said the residence and employment discrimination and discrimination compared to medical treatment on the extent of discrimination in even more harmful, a direct violation of the right to life and health of the parties, the liability would be more serious.
Solution: improve the implementation of relevant laws and regulations
Comprehensive and clear responsibilities of designated hospitals
Why was HIV medical discrimination? A very common reason is fear of hospital cross infection.
Integrated, designated hospitals have short board
Second People's Hospital, Guangdong Province, trauma surgery, said an expert on HIV treatment for other diseases, "strict isolation measures must be taken to prevent the spread of infectious source, to ensure the safety of other patients and medical staff." But in fact, and not every hospital has infection of hardware facilities and human resources.
Under the existing allocation of medical resources, with surgery differentiation capacity general hospital, many of them lack experience in the prevention of infection, even with dedicated rooms are not infectious. "AIDS designated hospitals," the existence of some naturally become HIV-infected health care institutions to refuse to provide an excuse for conventional medical service.
The so-called "AIDS designated hospitals", the infectious disease specialist hospitals often do not have the general hospital system and the treatment capacity of the subject, and even the lack of routine surgical equipment and instruments, not to provide comprehensive HIV treatment services . HIV-infected patients to other diseases, often in general hospitals and the "designated hospitals" that they would be kicked.
Failed to implement anti-discrimination laws
Pang Kun pro bono lawyers from a legal point of view that the current HIV infection on non-discrimination regulations and policies, not vigorously implementing the health sector, which is frequently refuse medical institutions one of the main HIV-infected persons. Pang Kun also mentioned that in the interests of drivers, the hospital do not want to receive the HIV infection, because it might lead to "more cautious when other medical treatment, or even abandon the hospital and switched to the other party."
Cancel "HIV sentinel hospitals"?
Earlier this year, by the United Nations International Labour Organization, the Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese HIV carriers and other agencies jointly issued the Union of China, "AIDS medical treatment is difficult, difficult surgery, and coping strategies of the status quo," and proposed solutions: focus on improve and strengthen the implementation of policies and regulations to further clarify the general hospital and the "designated hospitals" role in improving medical staff due to occupational exposure, based on the protection of HIV infection, HIV infection or AIDS to protect people's right to medical treatment.
The other by China AIDS virus carriers Union and China Population Welfare Foundation, compiled "on the settlement of our HIV-infected people and AIDS patients' surgical difficulties" proposals "put forward: simply cancel the" HIV sentinel hospitals ", the AIDS treatment into routine health care system, in order to avoid the phenomenon of passing the buck. "Proposal", said: infection treatment services for AIDS treatment by the medical institutions of Infectious Diseases (room) to undertake, the risk of infection and other AIDS-related diseases by treatment demand by the corresponding section (room) to undertake; when patients illness, when the existence of cross-sections, provides for joint consultation led by the major department; health sector can be a batch of "model" hospitals to address the infection, "disease doctors nothing" situation.
Charles Lei break anti-discrimination:
"Civil Service Recruitment exclude people living with HIV, and contrary to law."
Charles Lei break anti-discrimination, in microblogging as a "favorite" husband and wife appeal: "Which hospital if admitted, I kowtow to it, do not go back on." Correspondent with his dialogue ---
News: Do you think the formation of infectious diseases discrimination are the reasons? Is too much fear?
Ray Chuang: Yes. In particular, medical staff, who for this knowledge to understand more, but more will feel fear, this is a very strange thing. For hepatitis B discrimination, because people do not understand the greater is caused.
Yangcheng Evening News: how to solve this discrimination?
Ray Chuang: many countries have anti-discrimination laws and regulations, we must strengthen the implementation. I had come into contact with many companies, they knew not to hepatitis B virus carriers refused to job seekers, but the risk of punishment or risk being illegal check hepatitis B, which shows that the intensity is too small to implement the government check.
Sometimes even government departments and the law is contrary to the provisions. "Employment Promotion Law" clearly provides employers seeking to hire workers, infectious pathogen carrier shall not refuse Yishi recruitment, but recruitment of civil servants, directly to the exclusion of people living with HIV.
On the other hand, government departments must do a good job of infectious diseases outreach, public awareness of this scientific and eliminate fear. Everyone involved, refused to discrimination.
Yangcheng Evening News: like the "favorite" husband and wife have been discriminated against for medical treatment, the hospital should take responsibility?
Ray Chuang: In this country there is comprehensive infectious disease provisions, the hospital can not be rejected, as it now does not, it definitely is illegal.
Provisions of laws and regulations related to infectious diseases
● "AIDS Prevention Act"
Article No unit or individual may discriminate against people living with HIV, AIDS patients and their families. HIV, AIDS patients and their families of marriage, employment, medical care, schooling and other legitimate rights and interests protected by law.
第四十一条 medical institutions should be HIV-infected people and AIDS patients AIDS Prevention, diagnosis and treatment services. Medical institutions shall not seek treatment for patients infected with HIV or AIDS patients, buck-passing or rejecting its treatment of other diseases.
● "Tort Liability Act."
Article 57 The activities of the medical staff at the clinic, and was not entirely to the appropriate level of medical treatment obligations, resulting in patient harm, medical institutions should bear the liability.
● "Communicable Disease Prevention Act"
Article 16 The state and society should be concerned, to help patients with infectious diseases, pathogen carriers and suspected patients of infectious diseases, to receive timely treatment. No unit or individual may discriminate against patients with infectious diseases, pathogen carriers and suspected patients of infectious diseases. (Note: The AIDS epidemic is B)
