美国媒体日前报道说，艾滋病疫苗研究工作目前已经有了突破性的进展，科学家研制的一种新药已使感染免疫缺陷病毒（类似人类艾滋病病毒）的猴子的病情得到了控制。该药可能发展成为一种新型疫苗，为人类预防艾滋病事业作出贡献。
这条听起来不错的好消息却未必值得世人期待。人们几年前也曾从新闻报道中获悉，一些受类艾滋病病毒感染的猴子让“某种新型疫苗”在临床试验中“经受住了考验”，然而在随后进行的人体试验中，这种艾滋病候选疫苗却表现不佳，不得不宣告失败。事实证明，对猴子具有优良反应的疫苗，在人身上却“无精打采”。这说明什么呢？科学家说，猴子在生物学意义上与人十分接近，但它毕竟不是人。对疫苗研发而言，任何动物模型本身都有缺陷，所反映出来的生物学现象和机制并不完全与人一致。找到理想的、可以信赖的动物模型尚且如此困难，这无疑从一个侧面证实了疫苗研究有多么艰难。
因疫苗研发而备受股市追捧的沃森生物公司日前正式宣布，该公司正在与中资公司合作研发的狂犬疫苗、乙肝疫苗和流感疫苗项目全部终止。沃森生物公司三大疫苗项目流产的事实再次告诉我们，疫苗研发并非易事，几十年的心血和千百万资金的投入最终可能化为一缕青烟。科学家们坦言，病毒是神奇之物。同一种病毒在不同地区、不同个体之间大相径庭，甚至在同一个体内，病毒的表现也会色彩斑斓。有些时候，免疫系统只能对同类病毒中的一部分病毒产生有效的免疫反应，其中的奥秘科学家至今也搞不明白。人类对疫苗的研究从来都是“跟着感觉走”，以往的成功多半是“撞上了好运”，因为科学家们对免疫反应与疾病进程的相关性了解不足。人类研制出了一些成功的疫苗，但是，“成功疫苗”是如何触发人体免疫力的？它在人体内促成了哪些细胞的变化？事实上，如果不能完整地阐明某些病毒的传播和发病机制，那么疫苗研发必定缺乏可靠的科学基础。如何制造出完美的疫苗——这对人类来说，还是一个谜团。
然而，没有疫苗的世界是不可想象的。疫苗是人类与疾病斗争的武器，是人类战胜病毒的历史见证，是人类文明史上最精美华丽的诗篇。疫苗提高了人类的生存能力，改善了人类的生存质量，预示着人类生活的美好明天。既然人类凭借智慧和好运战胜了天花，人类就有可能用疫苗将艾滋病和恶性肿瘤打败。
事实上，一些科学家已经张开双臂，准备迎接“疫苗的春天”。他们认为，疫苗研发正在进入快车道，从不同学科——特别是新兴学科的视角对免疫系统进行多层面的分析，将使疫苗研究步伐大大加快。科学家眼界开阔——他们正在将免疫学、微生物学、系统生物学等学科集合在一起；科学家手握利剑——他们能够随心所欲地测量基因活性、蛋白质水平、细胞行为和免疫反应等数据；科学家们敢于探索和发现——他们渴望不断创新，不断采纳更新颖的方法，不断寻找更大胆的思路，不断更新改善疫苗设计的理念。
任何一种疫苗的研发工作都是长期的、充满挑战性的工作。在全球化时代，它更需要国际合作作为“后台”。科学家们呼吁，国际社会应通过共同努力，寻找一个能够最真实反映疫苗保护效力的动物模型，并在候选疫苗设计和临床前功效测试方面加强合作，从而使疫苗研发跨入一个崭新的阶段。
世界比以往任何时候都更需要艾滋病疫苗、戒毒疫苗、肿瘤疫苗、动物疫苗，以保障和促进人类健康和社会发展。理论上讲，一切病毒都将是疫苗的手下败将。只要科学家坚持不懈，只要科学持续向前，疫苗研究必将取得突破性进展。虽然这是一场与人类历史伴生的、未有穷期的持久战，但胜利终究会属于我们。
本报记者汪嘉波
艾滋病不治会早死，早治才康复 艾滋病不治会早死，早治才康复 艾滋病不治会早死，早治才康复 艾滋病不治会早死，早治才康复
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| 图示∶2011年5月正式出版的《中国特色医疗金鉴》登载的刘君主任及其机构事迹 |
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AIDS - a protracted war of all mankind
At 7:19 on May 28, 2011 Source: Guangming Daily
U.S. media recently reported that AIDS vaccine research work has now been a breakthrough, scientists have developed a new drug has led to the infection immunodeficiency virus (similar to the human AIDS virus) in the monkey's condition under control. The drug may develop into a new type of vaccine for human AIDS contribute to the cause.
This sounds good but not worth the good news of the world look forward to. A few years ago that people have learned from news reports, some by the class of HIV-infected monkeys to "some kind of new vaccines" in clinical trials, "has withstood the test", but in subsequent human trials, this AIDS But the poor performance of the candidate vaccine had failed. Proved to have excellent response to the monkey vaccine in humans was "listless." What does this mean? Scientists say monkeys in the biological sense, and people are very close, but it is after all not human. For vaccine development, any animal model itself has a defect, as reflected in the biological phenomena and mechanisms are not fully consistent with others. Find the ideal, reliable animal models like this difficult, no doubt from one side of vaccine research confirmed how difficult.
The stock market due to vaccine development and highly sought after Watson Bio Inc. today announced that the company is working with Chinese-funded companies to develop rabies vaccine, hepatitis B vaccine and influenza vaccination program in whole. Watson abortion biotechnology company projects the fact that the three vaccines again tells us that vaccine development is not easy, decades of effort and millions of capital investment may end up into a puff of smoke. Scientists have admitted that the virus is a magical thing. The same virus in different regions, different individuals are very different, even in the same body, the virus will be colorful performance. Sometimes, the immune system can only be part of the same type of virus in an effective immune response to the virus, which scientists still have not got a secret do not understand. Human vaccine research has always been "one thinks," The success of the past, most of the "lucky hit" because the scientists on the immune response and disease, lack of understanding of the relevance of the process. Developed a number of successful human vaccines, but "successful vaccine" is how to trigger the human immune system? It led to what in the body cells change? In fact, if not completely clarify some of the transmission and pathogenesis of the virus, then vaccine development must be a lack of reliable scientific basis. How to create a perfect vaccine - which humans, is still a mystery.
However, there is no vaccine for the world is inconceivable. Vaccine is the human struggle with the disease, weapons, history is witness to the human victory over the virus, is the magnificent history of human civilization's most beautiful poems. Vaccines to improve the survival of human capacity, improve quality of life of mankind, indicating a bright future of human life. Since the human wisdom and good luck with victory over smallpox, human vaccines will likely beat AIDS and cancer.
In fact, some scientists have open arms, ready to meet the "vaccine in the spring." They believe that vaccine development is entering the fast lane, from different disciplines - especially the emerging discipline perspective on the immune system, multi-level analysis, will greatly accelerate the pace of vaccine research. Scientists broad perspective - they are the immunology, microbiology, systems biology and other disciplines together; scientists holding a sword - that they can arbitrarily measure gene activity, protein levels, cell behavior and immune response data; scientists We dare to explore and discover - their desire to continue to innovate and adopt more innovative methods, and constantly look for more daring ideas, and constantly updated to improve vaccine design concept.
Any kind of vaccine research and development are long-term, challenging work. In the era of globalization, it is more in need of international cooperation as "background." Scientists call on the international community should work together to find a true reflection of vaccine protection can be most effective in animal models, and in the candidate vaccine design and pre-clinical efficacy testing to strengthen cooperation, so that the vaccine research and development into a new phase.
The world is more than ever needs an AIDS vaccine, drug vaccines, cancer vaccines, animal vaccines, to protect and promote human health and social development. In theory, all the vaccine virus would be fall by the wayside. Persist as long as scientists, as long as science continued to move forward, a breakthrough in vaccine research will. Although this is a history associated with the human, not the poor of the protracted war, but the victory will eventually belong to us.
Reporter Wang Jiabo
