| 艾滋病检测方法及相关问题汇总 |
| 时间： 2011-05-17 12:50:38 来源： 中青网 发表评论>> 关键词： 艾滋病检测 卡氏肺囊虫肺炎 方法学 hiv 酶联法 |
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内容摘要: 任何人都不能仅凭借发热、腹泻、乏力、皮疹、鹅口疮等症状怀疑感染了HIV或者得了艾滋病，这些都是其他感染性疾病也十分常见的症状，即使是卡波氏肉瘤和卡氏肺囊虫肺炎也与其他的疾病有关，因此艾滋病的临床表现没有特异性，确定一个人是否感染了hiv唯一的方法是进行HIV检测。判断是否患艾滋病需要在hiv抗体阳性的基础上，结合临床表现和免疫学指标检测的结果进行分析。检测HIV抗体的方法很多，根据方法学分类有酶联法、快速法和简单法。 |
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怎样确定一个人是否感染了hiv或者是否得了艾滋病？ 任何人都不能仅凭借发热、腹泻、乏力、皮疹、鹅口疮等症状怀疑感染了HIV或者得了艾滋病，这些都是其他感染性疾病也十分常见的症状，即使是卡波氏肉瘤和卡氏肺囊虫肺炎也与其他的疾病有关，因此艾滋病的临床表现没有特异性，确定一个人是否感染了hiv唯一的方法是进行HIV检测。常用的方法是检测HIV抗体，一般情况下HIV抗体阳性就可以认为HIV感染。判断是否患艾滋病需要在hiv抗体阳性的基础上，结合临床表现和免疫学指标检测的结果进行分析。 暴露以后等多久才能去检测HIV？ 窗口期指的是感染以后抗体尚未产生的时期。感染以后不能立即产生抗体，有一段抗体从无到有，从少到多的转变过程，在这个时期尽管感染了病毒，但是检测不出来。窗口期是对输血安全的主要威胁，由于存在窗口期，存在处于HIV感染早期而查不出来的献血员献血的危险，因而输血不能保证绝对安全。窗口期的长短有个体差异，窗口期一般是6周。 常用的检测艾滋病的方法是什么？ 检测HIV的方法很多，包括检测HIV抗体、HIV抗原、HIV前病毒DNA和HIV RNA。检测抗体是常规使用的诊断方法，其他方法不用做常规诊断，一般仅用作抗体检测方法的验证和补充。 检测HIV抗体的方法很多，根据方法学分类有酶联法、快速法和简单法。根据检测标本分类有检测血清血浆HIV抗体的方法，检测唾液hiv抗体的方法。 什么是艾滋病检测试纸？它的准确性怎么样？ 艾滋病检测试纸属于快速法，而能够在30分钟之内完成的实验都称之为快速法。检测HIV抗体的艾滋病检测试纸一般能够在5-10分钟内得出结果。想比之下常用的筛选试验ELISA要在2-3小时才能得出结果。快速法操作简单，不需要特殊的仪器，出结果快，在操作正确的前提下可以得出和医院、疾控同样正确的结果，特别适合家庭自我检测。 哪些人群应该及时进行艾滋病检测？ 1.性活跃者，无论年龄，应该每年都检测HIV； 2.与多个性伴发生不安全性行为的性活跃者，应该至少每三个月检测一次； 3.发生过商业性行为的男性或女性，无论是作为顾客还是性工作者； 4.发生男男同性性行为，尤其是没有使用安全套的情况下； 5.曾经在国内进行有偿献血的人士； 6.曾经在任何医疗机构接受输血的人士； 7.怀孕的女性产前检测的一部分； 8.共用针具注射的人士； 9.结核病检测为阳性的人士； 10.性病检测为阳性的人士。 |
艾滋病不治会早死，早治才康复 艾滋病不治会早死，早治才康复 艾滋病不治会早死，早治才康复 艾滋病不治会早死，早治才康复
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| 图示∶2010年12月即将出版的《中国特色医疗金鉴》登载的刘君主任及其机构 | ||||
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HIV testing methods and related issues summary
Time: 2011-05-17 12:50:38 Source: Youth Net
Key words: AIDS testing Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia hiv ELISA methodology
Summary: Any one can only with fever, diarrhea, fatigue, rash, thrush and other symptoms suspected to be infected by HIV or had AIDS, other infectious diseases, which are also very common symptoms, even Kaposi's sarcoma and card Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and other diseases also, and therefore there is no specific clinical manifestations of AIDS, to determine whether a person infected with hiv the only way is for HIV testing. Need to determine whether AIDS hiv-positive, based on clinical manifestations and immunological parameters of the test results were analyzed. Many ways to detect HIV antibodies, according to classification of ELISA methodology, rapid method and simple method.
How to determine whether a person is infected with hiv or had AIDS?
No one can by virtue only of fever, diarrhea, fatigue, rash, thrush and other symptoms suspected to be infected by HIV or had AIDS, other infectious diseases, which are also very common symptoms, even Kaposi's sarcoma and lung sacs card insect pneumonia and other diseases are also relevant, so there is no specific clinical manifestations of AIDS, to determine whether a person infected with hiv the only way is for HIV testing. Commonly used method is to detect HIV antibodies, under normal circumstances would be considered HIV antibody-positive HIV infection. Need to determine whether AIDS hiv-positive, based on clinical manifestations and immunological parameters of the test results were analyzed.
How soon after exposure such as to detect HIV?
Window period after infection refers to the period not yet produced antibodies. Can not immediately produce antibodies after infection, some antibodies from scratch, from less to more of the transformation process, during this period even though infected with a virus, but can not be detected. Window period is a major threat to the safety of blood transfusion, because of the window period, there is HIV infection early and check the blood donors, blood donation is not out of danger, and therefore can not guarantee the absolute safety of blood transfusion. The length of the window there are individual differences, the window period is generally 6 weeks.
Commonly used method of detecting what is AIDS?
Detection of HIV in many ways, including the detection of HIV antibodies, HIV antigen, HIV proviral DNA and HIV RNA. Detection of antibodies are routinely used diagnostic methods, other methods do not do routine diagnosis, antibody detection methods generally used only for verification and additions.
Many ways to detect HIV antibodies, according to classification of ELISA methodology, rapid method and simple method. Classification based on serum testing plasma specimens of HIV antibody used to detect saliva hiv antibodies.
What is the HIV detection test? How about its accuracy?
HIV rapid test strip is law, and can be completed within 30 minutes of the experiments is called Rapid method. HIV testing HIV antibody test strip generally able outcome in 5-10 minutes. Like under the common screening test than the ELISA in 2-3 hours to get the result. Rapid method is simple, does not require special equipment, the result fast, operating under the premise of the right can be drawn and hospitals, disease control the same correct results, especially for family self-testing.
What people should be timely HIV testing?
1. Sexually active, regardless of age, should be an annual inspection HIV;
2. With multiple sexual partners, unsafe sex sexually active, should be at least tested once every three months;
3. Occurred in commercial sex with men or women, either as clients or sex workers;
4. Homosexual men and male sexual behavior occurred, especially in the case of not using condoms;
5. Was carried out in the country who paid blood donors;
6. Who in any medical institution who received blood transfusions;
7. Pregnant women as part of prenatal testing;
8. Vaccination needle sharing;
9. Those who test positive for TB;
10. Those who test positive for sexually transmitted diseases.