本报记者 韩玮
12月1日国际艾滋病日的前后几天，MSM（即“男男性行为者”）的字眼突然在报端密集出现。据中国性病艾滋病预防控制中心预计，今年艾滋病新发感染者共4.8万，其中通过男男性行为感染的占比29.4%，而在2004年MSM中HIV呈阳性者不足1%。
尽管增幅有所下降，但我国的艾滋病感染者数量仍逐年上升。一些迹象表明，艾滋病正通过异性以及男同的渠道从高危人群向一般人群扩散，其中，向年轻人、老年人传播的趋势较为突出。
而这也遵循了艾滋病在各国的流行轨迹。比如美国、泰国、非洲等地，HIV病毒均先在高危人群内传播，再传向一般人群。不过，此种相似并非幸事，当病毒潜入一般人群，藏得更深，防控将是一场艰难的战役。
“目前，每100个健康男男性行为者中，4—16人一年后会感染HIV，这样的新发感染率是所有人群中最高的，而重庆、贵阳、成都等部分西南城市，这一数值在15%以上，甚至超过20%。”中国性病艾滋病预防控制中心主任吴尊友告诉时代周报记者。
卫生部艾滋病专家委员会委员、《同性爱》作者张北川观察、研究MSM群体多年。1998—2006年间，他先后进行了6次科研调查。第一次，1998年，他调查了400名男男性行为者后发现，只有2人坚持使用安全套。“在这样的情况下，艾滋病的蔓延无异于洪水猛兽。而等到2006年，情况有了好转，安全套的使用率接近三成。”
在张北川看来，MSM中的艾滋病流行并非处于快速上升期，而是滞涨期，换言之，感染率缓慢增长，但MSM的基数越来越大，涉及传播的范围越来越广。还有重要的一点，中国男同普遍结婚，同时又保持男男性行为。“正因如此，病毒在MSM中的蔓延不可避免，而且，其他的一般人群也会受之影响、拖累。”城市化进程的大潮中，HIV病毒随着人群流动悄然传播，中国的艾滋病感染者越来越多。
除了男男性行为者，从人群分布来看，老年男性也逐渐成为高危人群。对于这种现象，吴尊友认为原因可能在于，随着生活水平的提高，老年人的健康状况逐渐改善，目前，60岁老人的身体状况与30年前相比可能相当于45—50岁，他们有这个需求，同时，退休之后，空余时间较多，而且，他们的经济实力也不错，这三方面的因素会促使其寻求刺激。“目前，我们只发现了一部分艾滋病患，还有56%的感染者未被发现，他们可能在没有意识的情况下传播病毒。”
艾滋病不治会早死，早治才康复 艾滋病不治会早死，早治才康复 艾滋病不治会早死，早治才康复 艾滋病不治会早死，早治才康复
 |
| 图示∶2011年5月正式出版的《中国特色医疗金鉴》登载的刘君主任及其机构事迹 |
| |
|
|
艾滋病新鸡尾酒疗法 附 HIV感染者，早吃药早受益
Wu Zunyou: "56% of HIV infected persons has not yet been found."
At 18:26 on December 9, 2011 Source: Weekly Times Author: Han Wei
The reporter Han Wei
December 1 World AIDS Day before and after a few days, MSM (or "MSM"), the words suddenly appear in the newspapers intensive. According to the China Centre for STD and AIDS Control and Prevention estimated new HIV infections this year, a total of 48,000, which by the proportion of MSM infected with 29.4% in 2004 of HIV-positive MSM were less than 1%.
Although the growth rate has declined, but the number of people living with HIV in China is still increasing every year. Some signs that HIV is through heterosexual and gay channel from the high-risk groups to the general population, which, to the young, the old trend of the spread of the more prominent.
This also follows the trajectory of HIV prevalence in the country. Such as the United States, Thailand, Africa and other places, HIV virus are first in the high-risk groups to spread, and transmits it to the general population. However, this similarity is not a blessing, when the virus to sneak into the general population, possession deeper, prevention and control will be an uphill battle.
"Currently, for every 100 healthy men who in the 4-16 after a year infected with HIV, such as emerging infections is the highest of all groups, and Chongqing, Guiyang, Chengdu and other cities in the southwest part of this value in more than 15%, even more than 20%. "Chinese STD and AIDS Prevention and Control Center Wu Zunyou told Die Zeit correspondent.
Ministry of Health, AIDS Committee of Experts, "with sex," Zhang Beichuan authors observe, study MSM groups for many years. 1998-2006, he has conducted six research surveys. The first, in 1998, he investigated 400 men who found that only 2 people insist on using condoms. "In such circumstances, the spread of AIDS is no different from a scourge, while until 2006, the situation has improved, condom usage, refrain."
Zhang Beichuan view, MSM is not in the AIDS epidemic in the rapid rise, but stagflation period, in other words, slow growth rate of infection, but more and more MSM base, involving the spread more widely. It is also important, with Chinese men generally marry, while maintaining the MSM. "For this reason, the spread of the virus in the MSM is inevitable, and the other the general population will be affected by the impact of a drag." Tide of urbanization, HIV virus, with the crowd flow quietly spread of AIDS in China more and more.
In addition to MSM, distribution from the crowd, older men have become high-risk groups. For this phenomenon, Wu Zunyou think the reason may be that, as living standards improve, the elderly's health gradually improved, the current 60-year-old's physical condition may be compared with the equivalent of 30 years ago, 45-50 years old, they have this requirement, the same time, after retirement, more free time, and that their economic strength is good, these three factors will lead to its thrills. "Currently, we only found a part of the AIDS patients, and 56% of those infected undetected, they may be the case in the absence of awareness spread the virus."
