揭癌症认识的几大误区


揭癌症认识的几大误区

误区一:低估酒精的致癌作用
  该项包括29个国家、29925名成年参与者的国际性调查显示,在高收入国家(美国、英国、澳大利亚、以色列等),人们往往低估酒精的致癌作用,有42%的人认为饮酒不增加癌症危险。与此相比,低收入国家(肯尼亚和尼日利亚)中15%的人和中等收入国家(中国、黎巴嫩、乌克兰、多米尼加共和国、墨西哥等)中26%的人持相似观点。在高收入国家,59%的人认为蔬菜水果摄入不足比过量饮酒更危险。而事实上,研究结果显示,蔬菜水果的保护作用不及酒精的危害作用。
    误区二:精神压力和空气污染的危害作用被夸大
  在高收入国家,57%的人认为精神压力的致癌作用比酒精强,78%的人认为空气污染是比酒精更强的致癌危险因素。而实际上,并没有证据显示精神压力是癌症的危险因素;空气污染与过量饮酒相比,也只是一个较弱的危险因素。
    误区三:癌症=绝症
  在中、低收入国家,人们对癌症的看法更加悲观。在低收入国家,48%的人认为癌症没有什么治疗办法,患癌症就等同于被判死刑。在中等收入国家,39%的人持相同看法。与之相比,高收入国家中仅17%的人有此看法。
  这种错误的看法可能影响到人们参与癌症筛查的积极性,从而不利于癌症的早期发现和治疗。
    误区四:治疗癌症是医生的事
  在低收入国家,75%的人认为在制定治疗癌症的方案时全都是医生说了算,仅8%的人同意患者应该与医生一起做决定。与之相比,经济发达国家中72%的人认同患者与医生共同决定的模式。

Exposing several major errors cancer awareness

Misunderstanding 1: underestimate the carcinogenic effects of alcohol
This includes 29 countries, 29925 adult participants in an international survey showed that in high-income countries (the United States, Britain, Australia, Israel, etc.), people tend to underestimate the carcinogenic effects of alcohol, 42% of people think that drinking not increase risk of cancer. In contrast, low-income countries (Kenya and Nigeria) in 15% of the people and middle-income countries (China, Lebanon, Ukraine, the Dominican Republic, Mexico, etc.) 26% of people hold similar positions. In high-income countries, 59% thought that insufficient intake of vegetables and fruits are more dangerous than excessive drinking. In fact, the findings show that the protective effect of fruit and vegetables is less than the role of alcohol harm.
    
Misunderstanding 2: Mental stress and harmful effects of air pollution has been exaggerated
In high-income countries, 57% of people think that the carcinogenic effects of mental stress stronger than alcohol, 78% of people think that air pollution is even more potent carcinogen than alcohol risk factors. In fact, there is no evidence to suggest that mental stress is a risk factor for cancer; air pollution and excessive alcohol consumption compared to only a weak risk factor.
    
Misunderstanding 3: Cancer = ill
In the medium and low-income countries, people are more pessimistic view of cancer. In low-income countries, 48% of people think that there is no cure for cancer, cancer is tantamount to the death penalty. In the middle-income countries, 39% of people hold the same view. In contrast, high-income countries, only 17% of people have this view.
This misconception may affect people's participation in cancer screening initiative, and thus is not conducive to early detection and treatment of cancer.
    
Misunderstanding four: the treatment of cancer is a matter of doctors
In low-income countries, 75% of people believe that in formulating the options for the treatment of cancer are all doctors have the final say, only 8% of people agree that patients should make decisions together with the doctor. By contrast, the economically developed countries, 72% of patients and doctors agree joint decision model.