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一名艾滋病患者的生活实录：上了电视之后(图)
2010年12月02日 07:30:06 来源： 人民日报
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| 图示∶2010年12月即将出版的《中国特色医疗金鉴》登载的刘君主任及其机构 |
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在北京佑安医院的一间病房里，来自山西的艾滋病患者老纪在摆弄从家乡带来的手工艺品。记者 白剑峰摄
今年12月1日是第二十三个“世界艾滋病日”。艾滋病是全球重大公共卫生问题，严重威胁着人类健康，影响着经济社会发展。近年来，我国的艾滋病疫情呈上升趋势，性传播逐渐成为主要的传播途径，艾滋病由高危人群向一般人群扩散。目前，全世界尚无根治艾滋病的有效药物。因此，关爱是治疗艾滋病的“良药”，宣传教育是预防艾滋病的“疫苗”。
从今天起，本版将推出“艾滋病防治深度观察”系列报道，通过解剖案例，从不同的角度展示我国艾滋病人的生存现状、艾滋病防治中存在的问题，以及全社会为艾滋病防治所做的积极努力，敬请关注。
——编者
11月底，北京气温骤降。老纪穿了件羊皮坎肩，坐了一夜的火车，来到北京佑安医院。他断断续续发烧两三个月了，这次想彻底检查一下。
老纪是山西闻喜县农民，曾因卖血感染了艾滋病病毒。这次来京，他还带了两个蛇皮袋，里面装了几百件布老虎、绣花鞋、香包、红丝带等手工艺品，都是村里的艾滋病病友做的。他想，“世界艾滋病日”前后，也许有机会把这些东西卖掉。
新闻播出之后，村里炸了窝。刚开始，看新闻的人并不多。但是，一传十，十传百，越传越广。这一下，老纪的艾滋病身份彻底暴露了。老婆哭着说：“不让你上电视，你非要上，这下露脸了，全世界都知道了，儿子也跑没了……”
2004年11月30日，老纪在北京参加了一次“世界艾滋病日”活动。当晚，在电视新闻里，他看见了自己，脸正冲着镜头。
新闻播出之后，村里炸了窝。刚开始，看新闻的人并不多。但是，一传十，十传百，越传越广。这一下，老纪的艾滋病身份彻底暴露了。
第二天一早，他的手机响了。老婆哭着说：“不让你上电视，你非要上，这下露脸了，全世界都知道了，儿子也跑没了……”
老纪如同一盆凉水浇头，半天没回过神来。他立刻坐上火车回家。到了村里，他才知道事情闹大了。以前的熟人，看见他远远地就躲了，生怕被传染上。
老婆告诉他，儿子昨晚住校，同学们看了电视，知道他爸是艾滋病，都在嘲笑他，还把他的椅子扔到外面，不让他在教室里坐。儿子跑回家，说不想上学了。“我骂了他，说学费都交了，不上学咋行？结果，孩子就跑了。”老婆后悔地说。
于是，老纪赶紧去找，整个村子都找遍了，就是没人影。7天后，儿子突然站在家门口，老纪把他拉进屋。原来，儿子逃学后，躲在一个废弃的果园棚里，饿了就从地上捡几个烂苹果，冷了就钻进草堆里。在刺骨的寒风中，他实在扛不住了，才想到回家。但是，他再也不愿意上学了。结果，初中没毕业，就到外地当了搬运工。
当时，老纪的女儿上小学。在学校，同学们都说她有艾滋病。她摸过的地方，别人都不敢碰。一下课，全班人都跑了，只剩下她一个人孤零零地坐着。对于这些，女儿都藏在心里，从来不说。直到有一天，她回家后突然哭起来，老纪才知道真相。于是，老纪拿着艾滋病宣传资料找到了校长，校长随后开了会，告诉同学们艾滋病不可怕。后来，女儿转到了县中学，生活才恢复平静。
老纪家的窑洞，多年前被雨冲塌了。村里有人盖了新房，窑洞空着，就让他住了。老纪从北京一回来，窑主就找上门来，撵他赶快搬家。老纪很生气，说没地方去，就是不搬。
正在老纪焦头烂额的时候，老婆感冒了，早晨起来还吐血。村里人疯传，她也染上艾滋病了，胃都出血了。老婆听到这些，气得躺在炕上闹绝食，三天不吃不喝。老纪做好饭，老婆一把推开，说一家人都让他害惨了。老纪一气之下，开着摩托车就往外面冲，说：“你不活了，我也不活了！”结果，老婆躺不住了，马上喊人去追老纪，终于在山沟里把老纪截住了。老纪一屁股坐在地上，哞哞地哭，像只受伤的老牛。
后来，在几位病友的帮助下，老婆同意去医院治疗。结果，不是胃出血，而是牙龈出血，吃了点药就好了。
“最难的时候总算过去了。从去年起，村里人办红白喜事，也开始请我了。”老纪宽慰地说。在他看来，这是6年来最大的变化。
第一次吃请时，他高高兴兴地坐上了桌。村里一般是8人一桌，可他一坐下，其他人就假装有事，一个个全没影了。有人还讽刺他：“你一个人吃一桌啊？”这时，他才意识到，原来有的村民还是对他另眼看待。有了这次教训，他再赴宴时，专找外村人的桌子坐，因为外村人不认识他。
最让老纪苦恼的，还是看病难。一名村医说：“我不挣你的钱，你走吧。如果我给你一扎，村里人都不来了，我就得关门。”他到县医院看病，医生一看验血结果，脸立刻就沉下来，说：“到外面看去吧！”
最让老纪苦恼的，还是看病难。艾滋病人的免疫力差，经常感冒发烧。村里有个卫生室，但离他家较远，不太方便。邻村倒是有3个私人诊所，但一见他来，谁也不给输液。一名村医说：“我不挣你的钱，你走吧。如果我给你一扎，村里人都不来了，我就得关门。”他到县医院看病，医生一看验血结果，脸立刻就沉下来，说：“到外面看去吧！”
无奈，他只好学着自己扎针输液。在药店，他每次都是买一大箱盐水、葡萄糖、头孢等，回家自己输。唯一的问题是，由于这些药是自购的，新农合不给报销。这些年，他家里堆满了空瓶子，连收破烂的人都好奇地问：“你家是卖药的吧？”
老纪久病成医，不仅要给自己输液，还要管其他病友。邻村的艾滋病人感冒发烧，都给他打电话。他知道艾滋病人的难处，总是二话不说就去。
两年前，邻村有一对艾滋病夫妻，突然病重，躺在床上起不来，家里一贫如洗。老纪实在看不下眼了，就到县政府反映情况。那天，他在县政府门口等了一上午，总算堵住了一名县领导。那名县领导问：“你找我干甚？”老纪说：“我想反映点艾滋病人的事。”领导不耐烦地说：“有困难找民政去，别找我！”
6年来，老纪一直吃国家免费提供的抗病毒药物，去年耐药了，需要重新换药。他找到运城市的一家医院，结果，医生一看是他，就是不给换。老纪说：“前几年，我陪病友来过这里，那个医生态度很恶劣，我就给卫生局长打电话，投诉了他。也许是因为我告过状，他才这么对待我。”
空闲时，老纪总想起当年卖血的事情。那是1993年，他才28岁，村里有个地下单采血浆站，很多人都去卖血挣钱。一次抽400毫升，给50元。老纪先后卖了7次，只拿到5次的钱，因为后来血站就被查封了，血头被抓，钱也没拿到。当时，他们把血抽出来后，都混在一个容器里。分离出血浆后，红血球再输回体内，而这恰恰让很多人感染了艾滋病病毒。“那时没知识，还以为把红血球输回来对身体有好处，现在肠子都悔青了。”老纪说。
幸运的是，老纪的老婆、孩子都没感染。他说：“我和家人吃饭，从来不分碗筷。我吃剩的饭，我老婆也吃。要是手划破了，出血了，我就会注意，让他们别碰。其他方面基本没有影响。”
“这一两年，不知是咋了，老是生病。别说干活了，就是发个短信都费力，身上乏得很。”老纪的声音有点沙哑。
村里人都说：“你上过电视，成名人了，有啥困难国家都会管。没钱了，打个电话就有人送。”对此，老纪只能苦笑。他说，要是政府能给艾滋病人一些优惠政策，信用社再给贷点款，生活就不愁了。
这些年，老纪已经习惯了别人的冷眼。
2005年，他看见村里人盖房子，就小心翼翼地问，能不能当个小工。人家说：“现在人够了，不够再叫你。”其实，当天晚上，那家人还在村里到处找小工呢。
老纪家里有10亩地。去年，他种的是小麦，挣了3000多元。今年，他种的是西瓜。可惜，老天不帮忙，先是干旱，后是大雨，西瓜长得只有巴掌大，卖了1000多元，除去种子、化肥、薄膜等成本，基本没挣钱。
老纪有辆三轮车，过去经常帮别人拉拉化肥、麦子、大粪等，还算有点收入。而现在，他的身体越来越差，连发动机都摇不着了。
老纪一家4口，低保费是每月140元。由于总生病，家里已经欠了5万多元。没有收入来源，经济压力全落在老婆身上。今年，老婆开始给村里人帮工。有时下地干活，有时摘中草药，起早贪黑，一天只能挣30元。
老纪是一个内心很要强的人，这些年从没找过政府领导。村里人都说：“你上过电视，成名人了，有啥困难国家都会管。没钱了，打个电话就有人送。”对此，老纪只能苦笑。
2005年，老纪的心气还很高。他把本村和邻村的7名男艾滋病人叫到一起，在他家的窑洞里成立了“迎春花互助小组”，一起搞生产自救。还有5名女艾滋病人，也成立了“舒心园”，主要从事手工编织，做些布老虎等。
刚开始，老纪提出养羊，大家都赞成。没有资金，老纪就跑到中国性病艾滋病防治协会游说，那里的领导很支持，给了2000元启动资金。于是，他们几家人分别买了羊羔，老纪自己喂了3只羊，有一只母羊还怀了羔，下了两只小羊羔。一年后，大家都赚了钱，信心倍增。后来，由于羊吃麦苗，村里禁止养羊了。
老纪又想到了养兔子。兔子繁殖能力强，一生就是一窝，比养羊见效快。这次，老纪想大干一场，他从农村信用社贷了3000元，买了两台电动机、一台粉碎机，用于粉碎饲料。看着几百只兔子在笼子里蹦蹦跳跳，他和病友们都很兴奋。然而，好景不长，一场传染病来了，几百只兔子相继死去。为此，老纪欠了一屁股债，再也没心气搞养殖了。如今，他的院子里还剩一堆空兔笼子，看见就憋气。
现在，老纪还想做点生意。比如，开个药材收购点，把村民的药材收上来，再卖到城里。但是，这至少需要三四万元本钱。他说，要是政府能给艾滋病人一些优惠政策，信用社再给贷点款，生活就不愁了。
12月1日，老纪还住在佑安医院。病情虽然有所好转，但医药费欠了几千元。老婆来电话说，煤又涨了价，家里的开支越来越大，都快撑不住了。为此，老纪很是着急。一有空，他就在楼道里打电话：“喂，求你个事，帮我问问哪里需要红丝带？”
窗外，寒风吹着落叶。床下，两个蛇皮袋还是满满的。（记者 白剑峰）
评论：让关爱取代歧视
清除艾滋病歧视，既要用科学化解社会的恐“艾”心理，更要从道德层面祛除患者的精神负担
“世界艾滋病日”到来前，两起关于艾滋病病毒感染者就业困境的诉讼，引起社会热议。
因为感染艾滋病病毒，报考安徽省安庆市教师职位的大学毕业生小吴（化名）被拒绝录用，报考四川省盐边县教师岗位的小军（化名）不仅遭拒录且病情被泄露。姑且不论终审判决将如何，两例案件中有一个信息值得关注：小吴和小军在参加应聘单位体检前，皆不知自己感染。
据推测，全国74万名艾滋病病毒感染者和病人中，六成以上与小吴和小军一样，不知道自己的病情。这种现状让我们反思：各种形式的艾滋病宣传教育已开展多年，各地艾滋病免费咨询检测门诊已开设6年，为什么诸多高危行为者未去检测？
这里有知识缺位的原因，更有社会歧视的因素。一位感染者的回答或许直指要害：与疾病相比，我们更怕歧视。
对于艾滋病，我国尚未形成普遍包容的社会氛围，偏见与歧视仍然严重。艾滋病病毒感染者一旦公开身份，立刻会面临就医、就业、入学等困境。一项对该人群的调查显示，超过12%的受访者有过至少一次被拒绝就医的经历，17%的受访者因病情被发觉而失业或被拒绝就业，9.1%的受访者子女被迫离校甚至辍学。
艾滋病歧视从何而来？
歧视首先源自恐惧。一方面，早期关于艾滋病人皮肤溃烂、精神萎靡、骨瘦如柴的不当宣传，至今让人谈“艾”色变。另一方面，目前艾滋病防治知识的普及还远远不够。长沙市近日公布一项对艾滋病相关知识的调查，其中，“蚊虫叮咬会传播艾滋病吗”的问题，难倒四成高校学生。湖北崇阳县发现73例艾滋病病毒感染者，59人是外出打工期间感染。该县对1.5万名外出务工返乡者摸底发现，了解艾滋病危害和传播途径的不足一半。
如今，我们还尚未创造让艾滋病教育走进大众内心的良好契机。尽管各大媒体对艾滋病已有密集报道，但关注事件的多，专注科普的少；概念式的说教多，形式生动的宣传少。这导致公众对艾滋病依然隔膜，不少人仍认为“它只发生在影视里，书籍中，网络上”，“是别人的事情”，不知如何保护自己。
歧视的深层原因来自道德评判。中国传统文化太容易给艾滋病贴上道德标签。一个人一旦被他人得知感染艾滋病病毒，立刻会遭到行为不检点的质疑和鄙视。而这种歧视正成为艾滋病防治中的最大拦路虎。因为歧视，艾滋病高危行为者不敢主动去检测，或者隐瞒病情，增加了艾滋病病毒传播的风险。因为歧视，许多感染者没被检测发现或因发现迟而错过治疗时机。因为歧视，一些感染者产生反抗心理，即使不是报复社会，不注意防护也会导致病毒传播。
因此，清除艾滋病歧视，既要用科学化解社会的恐“艾”心理，更要从道德层面祛除患者的精神负担。
我国艾滋病防治专家桂希恩的现身说法，为我们提供了健康教育的可贵教材。这位接触艾滋病病人过万人次的教授，日前公布其体检结果，证明日常接触不会感染艾滋病病毒。切实有效的健康教育只有融入日常的生活中、身边的故事里，才会转化为信念和力量。
国外研究成果表明，在感染艾滋病病毒人群中，知道自己病情的人，疾病传播率是未知病情者的1/3。给予艾滋病病毒感染者和病人充分的人道关怀，用关爱取代歧视，不仅会增加他们与病魔抗争的信心和勇气，也会让全社会都受益。（李晓宏）
艾滋病防治知识
艾滋病潜伏期有多长
一名艾滋病患者从感染到死亡，一般可分为三个发展时期。
(1)急性感染期：一般在感染后2—6周出现，症状似感冒，能很快自愈。这个时期可以检测到艾滋病病毒抗原，但是检测不出艾滋病病毒抗体。
(2)无症状感染期(也称潜伏期或窗口期)：是指从艾滋病病毒进入人体到血液中产生足够量的、能用检测方法查出艾滋病病毒抗体之间的这段时期。在此期间，虽测不到艾滋病病毒抗体，但体内已有艾滋病病毒，处于此时期的感染者同样具有传染性。潜伏期长短个体差异很大，短则不到一年，长则可达15年以上，平均5—7年。
(3)艾滋病发病期：当艾滋病病毒感染者体内免疫系统遭到严重破坏、不能维持最低的抗病能力时，便出现很难治愈的多种症状，成为艾滋病病人。
艾滋病病毒主要存在于人体的血液、精液、阴道分泌液、乳汁和伤口渗出液中，专家指出，艾滋病虽不能治愈，但通过控制三大传播途径，可有效预防感染艾滋病：
预防经血液传播。远离毒品，抵制毒品，避免注射吸毒共用注射器引起的传播；对于暂时无法戒毒的人，可以采取美沙酮替代治疗和清洁针具交换的方法；避免接受污染了的血液或血液制品、组织及器官；只接受经过艾滋病病毒检测的血液、血制品和组织；不与他人共用针头或注射器及其他可以引起破损的工具。
预防经性接触传播。洁身自好，进行安全的性行为，正确使用安全套，患了性病及早到规范医院检查、治疗。
预防母婴传播。感染艾滋病病毒的妇女应避免怀孕，一旦怀孕，在医生指导下终止妊娠；对选择继续妊娠者应采取抗病毒药物干预和剖宫产等措施阻断传播，产后进行人工喂养，避免对新生儿进行母乳喂养。
专家指出，艾滋病病毒是一种非常脆弱的病毒，对外界的抵抗力较弱，离开人体后，常温下存活的时间很短。干燥环境、加热、消毒等方法均能有效杀灭艾滋病病毒。日常生活工作和共用公共设施不传播艾滋病，如握手、拥抱或接吻，咳嗽或打喷嚏，使用公用电话，到医院就诊，共用餐具或饮具，使用饮水器，使用卫生间或淋浴设备，使用公共游泳池，被蚊虫叮咬等都不会传播艾滋病。
如果怀疑自己被感染，可以到正规医院或疾控中心接受检查。用抗病毒药物治疗，虽不能治愈艾滋病，但可有效抑制病毒复制，降低传播危险，延缓发病，提高病人生活质量。
（陈明莲 作者单位：北京地坛医院）
Record of a Living with AIDS: on the TV after (Figure)
December 2, 2010 07:30:06 Source: People's Daily
Beijing You An Hospital in a ward, AIDS patients from Shanxi in tinkering with the old century artifacts brought from home. Photo journalist Bai Jianfeng
December 1 this year is the twenty-three "World AIDS Day." AIDS is a major global public health problem, a serious threat to human health, impact on economic and social development. In recent years, the rise of the AIDS epidemic, sexual transmission has become the main route of transmission of AIDS from high risk groups to the general population. Currently, there is no cure of AIDS worldwide effective drug. Thus, treatment of AIDS care is "good medicine", publicity and education to prevent AIDS "vaccine."
Starting today, this edition will introduce "the depth of observation of AIDS," a series of reports, through the dissection cases, from different angles showing the survival status of people with AIDS, AIDS prevention and control problems, and the whole society's positive for AIDS prevention efforts, so stay tuned.
- Editor
The end of November, Beijing sudden drop in temperature. Lao Ji wearing a sheepskin waistcoat, and sat night train to Beijing You'an Hospital. Intermittent fever he was two or three months, this time to thoroughly check it.
Ji Wenxi old farmers in Shanxi, but had to sell blood infected with the AIDS virus. Trip to Beijing, he also brought two Pidai, which installed hundreds of pieces of cloth tiger, embroidered shoes, spice bags, red ribbon and other handicrafts, all in the village of AIDS patients do. He thought, "World AIDS Day" before and after, maybe these things will sell organic.
Broadcast news after the bombing of the nest village. At first, not many people read the news. However, a pass ten, hundred, have spread. This is what the old record of AIDS as thoroughly exposed. His wife cried and said: "do not let you on TV, you have to, this is the next show his face, and the whole world knows, the son did not run the ... ..."
November 30, 2004, the old record in Beijing to attend a "World AIDS Day" activities. That night, the television news, he saw his own face is directed at the lens.
Broadcast news after the bombing of the nest village. At first, not many people read the news. However, a pass ten, hundred, have spread. This is what the old record of AIDS as thoroughly exposed.
The next morning, his phone rang. His wife cried and said: "do not let you on TV, you have to, this is the next show his face, and the whole world knows, the son did not run the ... ..."
Topping the old record as the pot of cold water, half did not regain consciousness. He immediately boarded the train home. To the village, he knew something big trouble. Previous acquaintance, and saw him far on the hide, the fear of being infected.
His wife told him that his son last night live on campus, the students watched TV, knowing that his father was AIDS, is laughing at him, and also thrown out of his chair, let him sit in the classroom. Son ran home and said do not want to go to school. "I called him, said tuition fees are paid, do not go to school ye line? Result, the children ran away." His wife said with regret.
So quickly go to the old century, have searched the whole village, that is, not shadows. 7 days later, his son stood in the door of a sudden, the old record and pull him into the house. It turned out that after his son from school and hid in an abandoned orchard shed, hungry to pick up a few rotten apples from the ground, the cold got into hay. In the biting wind, he could not carry it, and to think about home. However, they do not like school. The results, never graduated from junior high school, went to the field when the porter.
At that time, the daughter of the old elementary school discipline. At school, classmates say she had AIDS. She touched the place, others are not touch. A class, the class of people ran, leaving her all alone sitting. For these and daughter are keeping everything and never said. Until one day, burst into tears after her home, the old record to know the truth. Thus, the old record holding AIDS awareness information to find the principal, the principal then had a meeting, told the students AIDS is not terrible. Later, her daughter go to the county high school, life was calm.
Century old cave house, washed by the rain collapsed years ago. Village was built a new house, empty cave, let him live. Lao Ji came back from Beijing, the kiln owners to seek them out, and thrust him up to move. Lao Ji gets angry and says no place to go, that is not moving.
Is burnt in the old century, when his wife got a cold, the morning also vomiting blood. Crazy people in the village pass, she contracted AIDS, and stomach bleeding. Wife heard so angry that she lay on the kang trouble hunger strike for three days without food or drink. Good old rice Ji, the wife a push, that one of the people let him get beat. Lao Ji angrily, drove motorcycles to Wangwaimian Chong, said: "You do not live, I do not live!" As a result, his wife could not lie down, and immediately call the old man chase century, and finally the old in the valley Ji stopped. Lao Ji sat on the floor, crying moo, like a wounded cow.
Later, in a few patients with the help of his wife agreed to go to hospital for treatment. The results, not bleeding, but bleeding gums, eat some medicine just fine.
"The hardest time to finally passed. Since last year, the villagers do weddings and funerals, have begun to please me." Relieved that the old record. In his view, this is the biggest change in 6 years.
The first invitation to dinner, he happily riding on a table. The village is generally 8 table, but he sat down, something else to pretend to a full-out of sight. He was also ironic: "You eat a table ah?" At this time, he realized that some of the villagers or the stigma of him. With this lesson, dinner and then when he, specifically looking for a table to sit outside the village because the villagers do not know him outside.
The most distressing to the old discipline, or medical treatment is difficult. A village doctor, said: "I do not earn your money, you go. If I give you a tie, the village people do not come, I have to close." He went to the county hospital, the doctor saw the results of blood test face immediately fell when, said: "Go to the outside!"
The most distressing to the old discipline, or medical treatment is difficult. People with AIDS, poor immunity, recurrent fever. Village has a health room, but far from his home, not too convenient. Neighboring village does have three private clinics, but saw him, who would not give fluids. A village doctor, said: "I do not earn your money, you go. If I give you a tie, the village people do not come, I have to close." He went to the county hospital, the doctor saw the results of blood test face immediately fell when, said: "Go to the outside!"
Helpless, he had to learn their acupuncture treatment infusion. In the drugstore, he bought a big box every time salt water, glucose, cephalosporins, etc., for home lose. The only problem is that because these drugs are self-purchased, the new rural cooperative not to be reimbursed. Over the years, his house filled with empty bottles, and even a pack rat people are curious to ask: "you have the sale of drugs, right?"
Lao Ji chronic illness into health, not only to give their own infusion, but also to control other patients. AIDS neighboring villages with a fever, give him a call. He knows the difficulties of people with AIDS, apart from anything else is always to go.
Two years ago, a neighboring village a couple of AIDS, suddenly ill, lying in bed to get up, the family penniless. Documentary looking at no less than the old eyes, and went to the county reflect the situation. That day, he waited in the door one morning county government, and finally blocked a county leader. County leaders that were asked: "You come to me very dry?" Old Ji said: "I want to reflect the point of what people with AIDS." Leaders said impatiently: "Home to the difficulty to find, do not look for me!"
6 years, has been eating the old record of antiviral drugs free country, last year drug resistance, the need to re-dressing. He found a hospital in Yuncheng City, the results, the doctor saw that he is not to change. Lao Ji said: "A few years ago, I come here to accompany patients, the doctor attitude is very bad, I'll call the Secretary of Health, complained to him. May be sued because I like, so he treated me."
When available, always reminds me of the old record of things to sell blood. That was in 1993, he was 28 years old, the village has underground plasma collection stations, many people have to sell blood to make money. A pumping 400 ml, to 50. Has sold the old record of 7 times, 5 times only to get the money, because blood banks was seized later, blood head caught, the money did not get. At that time, the blood pumped out and they are mixed in a container. After separating the plasma, red blood cells Zaishu back to the body, which is just a lot of people infected with the AIDS virus. "At that time no knowledge, but also that the red blood cells transport the body back to good, and now regret the intestines are a blue." Lao Ji said.
Fortunately, the old discipline of wives and children no infection. He said: "My family and I eat, have never been a bowl and chopsticks. I eat leftover rice, my wife can eat. If your hands are scratched and bleeding, I would note that they do not touch. Had no effect in other areas . "
"This year, I do not know ye, and always sick. Not to mention work, that is, sending text messages are harder, the body is very lack." Sound a bit scratchy old record.
The village people say: "You've been on TV, into a celebrity, so what's difficult countries will control. No money, get a phone call to someone." In this regard, the old record can only smile. He said if the government can give people with AIDS, some preferential policies, credit unions and credit points shall give life to worry about the.
Over the years, the old century have been accustomed to someone else's cold.
In 2005, he saw the villagers to build a house, took care to ask, can not work when small. People say: "Now people enough not invite you." In fact, the same evening, that family was still in the village to find that unskilled laborer it.
Lao Ji family has 10 mu of land. Last year, he planted wheat, earned 3,000 yuan. This year, he planted the watermelon. Unfortunately, God does not help, first drought, after a heavy rain, watermelons grow only palm-sized, sold 1,000 yuan, remove the seeds, fertilizer, film and other costs, and basically had no money.
Old record with cars tricycles, used to someone else pulling fertilizer, wheat, excrement, etc., still a little income. And now, his body is getting worse, even the engines are rolling out vain.
Old record, a 4, 140 per month premium is low. As always sick, the family has owed more than 50,000 yuan. No source of income, economic pressures all fall on my wives. This year, my wife started to give people in the village workers. Work in the fields sometimes, and sometimes pick herbs, morning and afternoon, one day earn only 30 yuan.
Ji is a very old heart stronger person, over the years, government leaders never find. The village people say: "You've been on TV, into a celebrity, so what's difficult countries will control. No money, get a phone call to someone." In this regard, the old record can only smile.
In 2005, the old record of heart qi is also very high. He put the village and the neighboring village of seven men and AIDS all together in his cave house set up a "Spring Flowers Organization", with engaging in self-help production. There are five female AIDS patients, but also set up a "comfortable garden", is mainly engaged in hand-woven, cloth tiger to do so.
At first, the old record made sheep, we have all agreed. No money, the old record to come to China Association of STD and AIDS prevention and control lobby, where the leadership is supportive and has given 2,000 yuan start-up capital. So they were a few people bought the lamb, the old record of 3 sheep feed themselves, there is also a pregnant ewe lamb, under the two lambs. A year later, we all made money, confidence. Later, the sheep eat the young wheat in the village sheep was banned.
Yang Ji also thought of the old rabbit. Rabbit breeding ability, life is a nest, than sheep quick. This time, the old record like a big, his loans from rural credit cooperatives was 3,000 yuan, bought two electric motors, a mill for grinding feed. Looked at hundreds of rabbits in a cage bounce, he and she has very excited. However, did not last long, a infectious disease came, hundreds of rabbits have died. To this end, the old record ass owes a debt, never mind engage in farming the air. Today, he left the yard a pile of empty rabbit cage, and saw to hold your breath.
Now, the old record also wanted to do business. For example, the acquisition of points to open a medicine, the villagers of collecting medicinal herbs, and then sold to the city. However, it requires at least three to four million in capital. He said if the government can give people with AIDS, some preferential policies, credit unions and credit points shall give life to worry about the.
December 1, the old record still living in You'an Hospital. Although the disease has improved, but medical expenses due to a few thousand dollars. His wife called to say, the price of coal has gone up, increasing costs at home, almost barely. To this end, the old record was very anxious. A free, he would call in the corridor: "Hey, ask you something, help me to ask where the need for red ribbon?"
Out the window, wind blowing leaves. Bed, two Pidai or full. (Xinhua Bai Jianfeng)
Comment: Let love replace the discrimination
Clear AIDS discrimination, both the fear to use science to resolve social "Ai" psychological, moral even eliminate the patient from the mental burden
"World AIDS Day" before the arrival of the two HIV-infected persons from employment on the plight of the proceedings aroused heated debate.
Because HIV infection, apply for teaching posts in Anqing City, Anhui Province, the university graduates Xiao Wu (a pseudonym) is denied employment, apply for posts of teachers in Yanbian, Sichuan Province, Xiao Jun (not his real name) not only rejected the disease was recorded and leaked. Regardless of how the final ruling, the case in two cases has a message of concern: Xiao Wu and small Army medical units to apply for jobs before, all I do not know they are infected.
Presumably, the national 740,000 HIV infected persons and patients, Liu Cheng and Xiao Wu and more like the small army, do not know their condition. Let us reflect on this situation: the various forms of AIDS education has been carried out for many years, local AIDS counseling and testing clinic has been set free 6 years, why were not many high-risk behaviors to detect?
Here are the reasons for the absence of knowledge, more social discrimination factors. An infected person may be directed to answer crucial: in comparison with the disease, we are more afraid of discrimination.
For AIDS, China has not yet formed a social atmosphere of general tolerance, prejudice and discrimination are still serious. Once HIV status publicly, will immediately face the medical care, employment, schooling and other difficulties. A survey of the population, more than 12% of the respondents had at least one experience of being refused medical treatment, 17% of the respondents were found to lose their jobs because of illness or refused employment, 9.1% of the respondents were children forced to leave school or drop out.
AIDS discrimination come from?
First, from fear of discrimination. On the one hand, early on the AIDS skin ulcers, apathetic, scrawny improper publicity, people still talk about "Ai" pale. On the other hand, the current popularization of knowledge of AIDS prevention is not enough. Changsha, recently released a survey of AIDS related knowledge, which "do mosquito bites can spread AIDS" problem, stumped into four college students. Chongyang County, Hubei Province found 73 cases of HIV infection, 59 people are migrant workers during the infection. The county of 15,000 migrant workers who return home find thoroughly understand the hazards and transmission of AIDS less than half.
Today, we also have not yet created for AIDS education into the public mind as a good opportunity. Although the major media coverage of AIDS has been intensive, but more concerned about the events, focusing less popular; conceptual preaching and more vivid form of propaganda less. This leads to AIDS is still divide the public, many people still believe that "it only happens in the film, the books, the network", "other people's things," I do not know how to protect themselves.
The underlying causes of discrimination from moral judgments. Chinese traditional culture and moral too easy to label affixed to AIDS. Once a person is to make known HIV infection, being promiscuous will immediately questioned and despised. And this discrimination against AIDS is becoming the biggest stumbling block. Because of discrimination, AIDS risk behaviors are not the initiative to detect, or hiding of the disease, increasing the risk of HIV transmission. Because of discrimination, many infected people not being detected or was found late and missed treatment opportunity. Because of discrimination, some infected people have against the psychological, if not revenge on society, pay no attention to protection can lead to transmission of the virus.
Therefore, the removal of AIDS discrimination, not only use science to resolve society's fear of "Ai" psychological, moral even eliminate the patient from the mental burden.
Gui Xien AIDS experts in China's own experiences, provided us with valuable health education materials. AIDS patients who had contact with a professor million, has announced the examination results show that daily contact is not infected with HIV. Only effective health education into the daily life around the story, will be transformed into faith and strength.
Foreign research results show that the population infected with HIV, people who know the disease, transmission of the disease is unknown illness were 1 / 3. Given to patients with HIV infection and adequate humanitarian care, love to replace with discrimination, not only struggle with the disease will increase their confidence and courage, but also make the whole society will benefit. (JOURNAL OF WUHAN)
AIDS knowledge
How long incubation period of AIDS
An AIDS patient from infection to death, and can be divided into three development periods.
(1) acute infection phase: generally 2-6 weeks after infection occurs, symptoms like flu, can quickly heal. This period can detect HIV antigen, but can not detect HIV antibodies.
(2) asymptomatic infection (also known as incubation or window period): refers to the AIDS virus from the blood into the body to produce enough quantity, can detect HIV antibody detection methods during the period between. During this period, although undetectable HIV antibodies, but the body has the AIDS virus, those infected in this period also contagious. Large individual differences in the length of incubation period as short as less than a year, as long as 15 years, average 5-7 years.
(3) the incidence of AIDS: HIV infection when the immune system was severely damaged and can not maintain the minimum of resistance to diseases, they appear hard to cure a variety of symptoms, to AIDS patients.
AIDS virus is mainly present in the body's blood, semen, vaginal secretions, breast milk and wound exudate, the experts pointed out that although AIDS can not be cured, but by controlling the three major routes of transmission can be effective in preventing HIV infection:
Prevention of transmission through blood. Stay away from drugs and resist drugs, injecting drug users sharing syringes to prevent the spread caused; temporarily unable to treatment for people who can take methadone substitution therapy and needle exchange method; avoid receiving contaminated blood or blood products, tissues and organs; HIV testing only after receiving blood, blood products and tissues; do not share needles or syringes with others, and other tools can cause damage.
Prevention through sexual contact. Abstinence, be safe sex, use condoms, suffering from sexually transmitted diseases early to standardize hospital for examination, treatment.
Prevention of mother to child transmission. HIV-infected women should avoid pregnancy, when pregnant, termination of pregnancy under the guidance of doctors; for those who choose to continue pregnancy should take antiviral intervention and other measures to interrupt transmission of cesarean section, postpartum artificial feeding, avoid newborns breastfeeding.
Experts point out that HIV is a very fragile virus, weak resistance to the outside world, leaving the human body, the room temperature is very short survival time. Dry environment, heating, sterilization and other methods can effectively kill the HIV virus. Daily work and share common facilities, the spread of AIDS, such as shaking hands, hugging or kissing, coughing or sneezing, using a public telephone to the hospital, sharing eating or drinking utensils, the use of drinking fountains, use the bathroom or shower, use public swimming pools , mosquito bites and so does not spread AIDS.
If you suspect they are infected, can go to regular hospital or CDC for examination. Treatment with antiviral drugs, although not cure AIDS, but can effectively inhibit viral replication and reduce the risk of transmission, delay the onset and improve the patients quality of life.
(Chen Minglian Author: Beijing Ditan Hospital)
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