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携高浓度HIV却不出现艾滋病?HIV控制者遗传差异
2010年11月18日 09:40 来源：科学时报 美国科学促进会独家提供
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研究人员已经发现了一组遗传变异，这些遗传变异看来可以决定哪些人是否会成为HIV“控制者”。HIV控制者指的是那些罕见的人：他们身上有着高浓度的HIV但却不会出现艾滋病，他们也不需要服药。这些遗传变异一共有300多个，它们会影响人的免疫系统通过所谓的HLA蛋白来识别HIV-感染细胞的方式，HLA蛋白会把该病毒的片段呈现在细胞的表面。
大约每300个感染HIV的人中会有一位是HIV控制者。研究人员希望通过了解这些控制者是如何抑制该病毒的复制过程的，这样他们可能会发现研发某种疫苗或其他治疗方法的新线索。Florencia Pereyra及其一个大型的研究团队对参加国际HIV控制者研究的患者开展了一个在整个基因组范围内的关联分析。一个基因组范围内的关联研究是将不同个体的基因组进行比较以寻找某个人与另一个人之间的与疾病或其他特性有关联的差别。研究人员将欧洲人、非洲裔美国人及西语裔的后裔中的HIV控制者与HIV的进展者进行了比较。他们发现了300多个具有基因组范围内意义的变异体。所有这些变异体都位于第6条染色体的某个区域，而该区域正是HLA基因所在的地方。他们接着分析了位于HLA蛋白内的个体氨基酸的功效，他们发现了6个独立的有意义的残基，其中有5个残基是顺着与病毒颗粒结合的肽的沟槽排列的。尽管人们必须要作更多的研究来弄清这些差异究竟是如何造成对HIV的控制力的，但这些发现表明，该过程是以病毒肽抗原结合HLA蛋白的方式开始的，而这一结合接着影响了可识别和摧毁感染细胞的T细胞的激活。
Does not appear to carry high concentrations of HIV AIDS? HIV genetic diversity controller
At 09:40 on November 18, 2010 Source: Science Times exclusive AAAS
Researchers have discovered a group of genetic variation, these genetic variations seem to decide who will become HIV "controller." HIV controllers are those rare people: they who have a high concentration of HIV-AIDS but does not appear, they do not need medication. These genetic variations, a total of more than 300, they affect the human immune system through the so-called HLA proteins to identify the way HIV-infected cells, HLA proteins fragment of the virus will show in the cell surface.
Approximately every 300 people infected with HIV, who have one is HIV control. The researchers hope that by understanding how these controls are inhibiting the virus's replication process, so that they may find that developing a vaccine or other treatment methods of the new clues. Florencia Pereyra of a large international HIV research team to participate in the control of those patients in the study carried out a range of whole genome association analysis. A genome-wide association study of genes of different individuals were compared to find one person with another person with the disease or between the other characteristics associated with the difference. Researchers Europeans, African-American and Hispanic descent in the HIV control the progress of those with HIV were compared. They found more than 300 with a genome-wide significance of the variants. All of these variants are located in a region of chromosome 6, which is the region where the HLA genes. They then analyzed the HLA proteins in the efficacy of the individual amino acids, they found six independent meaningful residues, of which 5 residues along the peptide binding with virus particles arranged in the groove. Although people have to do more research to find out exactly how these differences result in the control of HIV, these findings suggest that the process is the viral peptide antigen binding protein HLA way to start, and then the combined of the infected cells can recognize and destroy T-cell activation.
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