According to etiology, anemia can be divided into hematopoietic poor sexual, hemorrhagic and hemolytic three categories.
First, the bad blood anemia (decreased production of red blood cells)
(A) of the hemoglobin disorders
1. Iron deficiency anemia: iron intake, the relative increase in iron requirements (pregnancy, child growth and development of) iron malabsorption (chronic gastrointestinal Bag Making Machine disease, subtotal gastrectomy), chronic blood loss.
2. Sideroblastic anemia.
3. Vitamin B6 response to anemia.
4. Containing iron protein conveyor belt deficiency anemia.
(B) barriers to nuclear maturation
1. Pernicious anemia.
2. Or other reasons caused by folic acid and vitamin Bl2. Barriers caused by lack of use of megaloblastic anemia: malnutrition (lack of food, infant feeding properly, chronic alcoholism, intractable anorexia>, increased requirements (pregnancy, lactation, child growth Rosetta Stone and development of the wide section of tapeworm infection in the first split , hemolysis, infection, thyrotoxicosis>, malabsorption (total gastrectomy or subtotal gastrectomy, chronic atrophic gastritis, gastric cancer, chronic shanghai escort liver disease, chronic enteritis, malabsorption digital stethoscope syndrome, bowel resection, intestinal diverticula bacterial infections>, the impact of drugs on nucleic acid metabolism (such as anti-folate agents, anticonvulsants, anti-TB drugs, oral contraceptives, neomycin, nitrite, etc.).
(C) reduced bone marrow function
1. Stem cell deficiency
(1), aplastic anemia.
(2) congenital aplastic anemia.
(3) pure red cell aplasia.
(4) myeloproliferative Slim syndrome.
2. Marrow hematopoietic tissue were diverted to other cells of leukemia, malignant lymphoma, multiple myeloma, bone marrow metastasis, bone marrow fibrosis, systemic mastocytosis, such as marble bone disease.
3. Erythropoiesis regulatory factors defective renal anemia, endocrine glands (such as the pituitary gland, thyroid gland) dysfunction, infectious anemia.
Second, the blood loss anemia
(A) acute hemorrhagic anemia
Such as trauma caused by massive external Thermowell bleeding or visceral rupture bleeding, ectopic pregnancy, such as gastrointestinal bleeding.
(B) chronic blood loss anemia
Kisaragi After many, hemorrhoid bleeding, hookworm, stomach cancer, peptic ulcer and so on.
Third, hemolytic anemia (too many red blood cell destruction)
(A) red blood cell intrinsic defects
1. Congenital
(1) Red cell membrane abnormalities: hereditary spherocytosis cell histiocytosis, oval-shaped cells increased hereditary disease, hereditary lip cell histiocytosis.
(2) red blood cell enzyme abnormalities: glucose anaerobic glycolysis enzyme defects (such as pyruvate kinase deficiency) bisphosphohexose bypass the lack of cheap wedding dress the enzyme (~ phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, often due to service beans, Bo ammonia chloroquine and other drugs or infection induced oxidative hemolysis; other components due to the lack of hemolytic anemia).
(3) abnormal globin chain: the amount of the abnormal peptide (Q thalassemia, B-thalassemia), abnormal structure of the peptide chain (polymerization of hemoglobin disease, unstable hemoglobin disease).
2. Acquired paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH).
(B) external factors, red blood cells
1. Immunity
(1) autoimmune: warm antibody type (acute idiopathic acquired hemolytic anemia, chronic idiopathic warm antibody autoimmune hemolytic anemia, symptoms of the warm shenzhen escort antibody autoimmune hemolytic
Anemia) cold antibody type (idiopathic chronic cold agglutinin disease, paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria, cold agglutinin symptomatic patients).
(2) the same immunity: neonatal hemolytic disease, ABO blood group incompatibility hemolytic transfusion reactions, Rh blood group incompatibility hemolytic transfusion reactions.
(3), autoimmune hemolytic anemia drugs: can be found in New 2 day diet the ammonia acid, isonicotinoyl http, rifampin, quinidine, not that the West had, aminopyrine, sulfa drugs, chlorpromazine, methyl chloride rain urea, insulin, penicillin, cephalosporins and so on.
2. Non-immune
(1) mechanical factors (red blood cell fragmentation syndrome): microangiopathic hemolytic anemia and cardiac valve replacement surgery hemolytic anemia.
(2) infection hemolytic anemia: malaria, sepsis and so on.
(3) hemolytic anemia caused by biological Desk Type Sphygmomanometer factors; venom, Toadstool and so on.
(4) Drug and chemical induced hemolytic anemia.
(5), hypersplenism mercurial sphygmomanometer Suit.
(6), disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)
(7) of ionizing radiation.
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