龈出血艾滋病

    龈出血艾滋病是一种以获得性免疫缺陷为特征的疾病或综合征。可分无症状的带毒者或无症状的免疫缺陷者、亚临床症状、淋巴结病症候群或艾滋病相关症使群及严重艾滋病。主要临床表现为持续发热38度以上，体重减轻，咳嗽，腹泻，呼吸困难、疲倦、乏力，夜间盗汗，广泛淋巴结肿大，卡波西肉瘤，白细胞减少，特发性血小板减少。据统计95％左右的龈出血艾滋病病例在口腔。面颈部范围内出现症状，口腔颜部、颈部损害如下
    ：
    （1）口腔念珠菌病约95％的病例有不明原因、顽固性的口腔真菌性口炎，龈出血艾滋病的损害区粘膜充血、潮红、散在的色白如雪的柔软点状、斑块状稍微隆起物，不断扩大蔓延、难于剥离。

    （2）”毛状”口腔粘膜白斑即在舌的边缘粘膜上有许多条纹状的白色损害。

    （3）龈出血艾滋病常见于口腔、咽、眼及口周面部及生殖器皮肤粘膜交界处，在大小不等的红色斑疹上出现2-3毫米大小的水疱，丛集成簇，水疱迅速破裂形成大、小溃疡。此时也可表现出弥漫性龈口炎或咽炎，颈部林巴结肿大。

    （4）口腔卡波西肉瘤口腔卡波西肉瘤无论在口内或口外均可单发或多发无痛的、紫红或紫色的、大小形状不一的、扁平或隆起的病损，呈斑状或斑片状，其中含毛细血管丛，质软，类似血管瘤，有中度疼痛。

    （5）龈炎或龈口炎牙龈明显水肿、充血，龈缘与乳头部出血，稍加刺激出血更明显。

    （6）牙周炎龈出血艾滋病患者往往伴有牙周疾患急性发作或全口性牙痛。

    （7）头颈部淋巴结病在未使用药物及未伴发其他疾病下，全身至少有两处淋巴结肿大，持续3个月以上、原因不明。

    （8）龈出血艾滋病唾液腺感染主要是腮腺感染，颌下腺偶发。腺体。中度炎症性肿大，患者最常见的症状是口干、不适、腺体区触痛，检查可见口腔粘膜干燥，粗糙发红、腺导管口充血、发红，有少许粘稠分泌物。

    （9）龈出血艾滋病好发于腭、舌、龈、唇等处。溃疡界限清楚，基底稍软，边缘不整齐，溃疡第微有凹凸不平，表面见有分布均匀、大小不一粟粒样肉芽状的小红点，覆著有分泌物。溃疡周围炎症反应不明显，病程进展较快。

AIDS gingival bleeding

     Gingival bleeding is an AIDS acquired immune deficiency characterized by the disease or syndrome. The virus can be asymptomatic or asymptomatic immunodeficiency, and sub-clinical symptoms, lymphadenopathy syndrome or AIDS-related and serious disease so that AIDS groups. The main clinical manifestations were persistent fever above 38 degrees, weight loss, cough, diarrhea, breathing difficulties, fatigue, weakness, night sweats, extensive lymphadenopathy, Kaposi sarcoma, neutropenia, idiopathic thrombocytopenia. According to statistics around 95% of gingival bleeding in oral AIDS cases. Range of face and neck symptoms, the Department of Oral Yen, neck damage is as follows
     :
     (1) oral candidiasis about 95% of cases are unexplained, refractory oral fungal stomatitis, gingival bleeding AIDS congestive mucosal damage zone, flushing, scattered snow white color of the soft spots, a little斑块状uplift structures, and continuously expand the spread of difficult dissection.

     (2) "hairy" leukoplakia in the oral tongue mucosa of the edge that there are many white striped damage.

     (3) AIDS is commonly found in gingival bleeding mouth, pharynx, eyes and face and perioral mucocutaneous junction of the genitals, ranging in size appeared on the red spotted a blister the size of 2-3 mm, cluster formation, the rapid breakdown of the formation of blisters large and small ulcers. Can also be shown at this time filled with gingivostomatitis or pharyngitis, neck lymph node swelling.

     (4), oral Kaposi's sarcoma Kaposi's sarcoma, whether oral or extraoral in the mouth can be made one or more painless, purplish red or purple, of varying size, shape, flat or raised lesions, or plaques were porphyritic sheet that includes a capillary plexus, soft, similar to hemangioma, with moderate pain.

     (5) gingivitis or gingivostomatitis obvious gingival edema, hyperemia, gingival bleeding edge with the nipple, a little more obvious to stimulate bleeding.

     (6) Periodontitis Gingival bleeding in patients with AIDS is often accompanied by acute exacerbation of periodontal disease or a full mouth of a toothache.

     (7) head and neck lymph node disease before the use of drugs and not associated with other diseases, the body of at least two lymph nodes and sustained for more than 3 months for unknown reasons.

     (8) gingival bleeding AIDS infection is mainly parotid salivary gland infection, accidental submandibular gland. Glands. Moderate inflammatory swelling, the patient is the most common symptoms of dry mouth, discomfort, tenderness gland area, examination showed oral mucosa dry, rough red mouth duct gland hyperemia, redness, a little sticky secretions.

     (9) AIDS gingival bleeding occurred in the palate, tongue, gingival, lip, etc.. Clear boundaries ulcers, basal slightly soft, irregular edge, the first micro-ulcers are uneven, the surface distribution saw, large and small miliary granulation shaped like little red spots, follow-forward to the secretions. Inflammatory reaction around the ulcer was not obvious, rapid disease progression.