FOMC的决策班子
我们知道，FOMC决策会议是美国货币政策决策中一个最高级别的决策会议。而这个决策班子的人员素质直接关系到决策的科学性和实用性。因此，一般要求由一帮经验丰富的金融专家出任。
联邦公开市场委员会是联邦储备系统中另一个重要的机构。它由12名成员组成，包括:联邦储备委员会全部成员7名，纽约联邦储备银行行长，其它4个名额由另外 11 个联邦储备银行行长轮流担任。该委员会设一名主席 (通常由联邦储备委员会主席担任)，一名副主席(通常由纽约联邦储备银行行长担任)另外，其它所有的联邦储备银行行长都可以参加联邦公开市场委员会的讨论会议，但是没有投票权。联邦公开市场委员会的最主要工作是利用公开市场操作(主要的货币政策之一)，从一定程度上影响市场上货币的储量。另外，它还负责决定货币总量的增长范围(即新投入市场的货币数量)，并对联邦储备银行在外汇市场上的活动进行指导。该委员会主要的决定都需通过举行讨论会议投票产生，它们每年都要在华盛顿特区召开八次例行会议，其会议日程安排表每年都会向公众公开。而平时，则主要通过电话会议协商有关的事务，当然，必要时也可以召开特别会议。
目前，美联储的决策班子（联邦储备委员会全部成员,相当于常委），可以说是一个老中青三结合的班子。
首先，老的有三位四十年代出生的经验丰富的专家：库恩，64岁，
其次，中年的有两位50-60年代出生的专家：伯南克：52岁，
另外，最近，美联储任命了一位特别年轻的专家进入决策班子，此人名曰瓦西（WARSH）只有36岁，出生于
这样，美联储几位主要决策者的平均年龄为52岁，刚好是伯南克的年龄。
随着格林斯潘的退休，一班人马中，有三位铁杆跟着退休，于是，出现了美联储决策层的大换班。伯南克入主美联储，毕竟遇到这样一次大换班，这些新手一方面带来了新的活力，另一方面，这些人缺乏经验。好在有库恩、奥尔森和碧斯这三位元老级的人物坐阵，能够帮助伯南克稳住阵脚，因此，美联储不会因为有一半以上的新手到任而出现混乱。至于参与决策的纽约联邦储备银行行长和另外4位轮值成员，都是美国金融界的一些老江湖，他们是美联储各家分行的主席，资历深，经验丰富。
Ben S. Bernanke
Ben S. Bernanke was sworn in on February 1, 2006, as Chairman and a member of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. Dr. Bernanke also serves as Chairman of the Federal Open Market Committee, the Systems principal monetary policymaking body. He was appointed as a member of the Board to a full 14-year term, which expires January 31, 2020, and to a four-year term as Chairman, which expires January 31, 2010.
Before his appointment as Chairman, Dr. Bernanke was Chairman of the Presidents Council of Economic Advisers, from June 2005 to January 2006.
Dr. Bernanke has already served the Federal Reserve System in several roles. He was a member of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System from 2002 to 2005; a visiting scholar at the Federal Reserve Banks of Philadelphia (1987-89), Boston (1989-90), and New York (1990-91, 1994-96); and a member of the Academic Advisory Panel at the Federal Reserve Bank of New York (1990-2002).
From 1994 to 1996, Dr. Bernanke was the Class of 1926 Professor of Economics and Public Affairs at
Before arriving at Princeton, Dr. Bernanke was an Associate Professor of Economics (1983-85) and an Assistant Professor of Economics (1979-83) at the Graduate School of Business at
Dr. Bernanke has published many articles on a wide variety of economic issues, including monetary policy and macroeconomics, and he is the author of several scholarly books and two textbooks. He has held a Guggenheim Fellowship and a Sloan Fellowship, and he is a Fellow of the Econometric Society and of the
Dr. Bernanke was born on December 13, 1953, in
Dr. Bernanke is married and has two children.
Susan Schmidt Bies
Susan Schmidt Bies took office on December 7, 2001, to a full term as a member of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System ending January 31, 2012.
Dr. Bies was born on May 5, 1947, in
Before becoming a member of the Board, Dr. Bies was Executive Vice President for Risk Management and Auditor at First Tennessee National Corporation,
Before joining First Tennessee, Dr. Bies was Associate Professor of Economics, Rhodes College, Memphis, Tennessee (1977-79); Assistant Professor of Economics, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan (1972-77); and Chief Regional and Banking Structure Economist at the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis (1970-72).
Dr. Bies has been active in leadership positions for various organizations, including the Emerging Issues Task Force of the Financial Accounting Standards Board, the Committee on Corporate Reporting of the Financial Executives Institute, the End Users of Derivatives Association, the American Bankers Association, and the Bank Administration Institute.
She has also served with numerous other business, professional, academic, civic, and charitable organizations including the American Economic Association,
Dr. Bies is married and has two adult sons.
Mark W. Olson
Mark W. Olson took office on December 7, 2001, to fill an unexpired term ending January 31, 2010.
Mr. Olson has served as administrative governor of the Federal Reserve Board since August 2002. He currently serves as chairman of the Board’s Committee on Consumer and Community Affairs and also serves on the Committee on Supervisory and Regulatory Affairs and the Committee on Federal Reserve Bank Affairs. Mr. Olson is also the Federal Reserve representative on the Neighborhood Reinvestment Corporation (NeighborWorks), which was created by the Congress to assist in revitalization of urban residential neighborhoods.
Mr. Olson was born on March 17, 1943, in
Before becoming a member of the Board, Mr. Olson served as Staff Director of the Securities Subcommittee of the Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs Committee, U.S. Senate (2000-2001). The Securities Subcommittees legislative jurisdiction included the Securities and Exchange Commission, accounting policy issues, and the insurance industry.
From 1988 to 1999, Mr. Olson served as a partner with Ernst & Young LLP and its predecessor, Arthur Young & Company. At Ernst and Young, he was National Director of the firms Regulatory Consulting Practice for the financial services industry. In addition, Mr. Olson was selected to join a 1991-92 Treasury Department effort to assist Eastern European bankers in adapting to a free-market economy.
Mr. Olson began his banking career in 1966 with First Bank System (now U.S. Bancorp) and was named an officer in 1969. From 1976 to 1988, Mr. Olson was President and CEO of Security State Bank,
Mr. Olson served former Congressman Bill Frenzel (R-Minn.) as Legislative Assistant for Banking Issues (1971-72) and as Director of his Minnesota District office (1974-76).
Mr. Olson is married and has two children.
Donald L. Kohn
Donald L. Kohn took office on August 5, 2002, as a member of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System for a full term ending January 31, 2016.
Dr. Kohn was born on November 7, 1942, in
Dr. Kohn is a veteran of the Federal Reserve System. Before becoming a member of the Board, he served on its staff as Adviser to the Board for Monetary Policy (2001-02), Secretary of the Federal Open Market Committee (1987-2002), Director of the Division of Monetary Affairs (1987-2001), and Deputy Staff Director for Monetary and Financial Policy (1983-87). He also held several positions in the Boards Division of Research and Statistics--Associate Director (1981-83), Chief of Capital Markets (1978-81), and Economist (1975-78). Dr. Kohn began his career as a Financial Economist at the Federal Reserve Bank of
Dr. Kohn has written extensively on issues related to monetary policy and its implementation by the Federal Reserve. These works were published in volumes issued by various organizations, including the Federal Reserve System, the Bank of England, the Reserve Bank of
He was awarded the Distinguished Achievement Award from The Money Marketeers of New York University (2002) and the Distinguished Alumni Award from the
Dr. Kohn is married and has two adult children.
Kevin M. Warsh
Kevin M. Warsh took office on February 24, 2006, to fill an unexpired term ending January 31, 2018.
Prior to his appointment to the Board, Mr. Warsh served as Special Assistant to the President for Economic Policy and as Executive Secretary of the National Economic Council from 2002 until February 2006. His primary areas of responsibility included domestic finance, banking and securities regulatory policy, and consumer protection. He advised the President and senior administration officials on issues related to the
From 1995 to 2002, Mr. Warsh was a member of the Mergers & Acquisitions Department of Morgan Stanley & Co., in
Mr. Warsh was born on April 13, 1970, in
Randall S. Kroszner
Randall S. Kroszner took office on March 1, 2006, to fill an unexpired term ending January 31, 2008.
Before becoming a member of the Board, Dr. Kroszner was Professor of Economics at the Graduate School of Business of the
Before joining the Board, Dr. Kroszner served the Federal Reserve System in several roles. He was a visiting scholar at the Board of Governors and a research consultant and a member of the Academic Advisory Panel at the Federal Reserve Bank of
Dr. Kroszner was a member of the President抯 Council of Economic Advisers (CEA) from 2001 to 2003. While at the CEA, he was heavily involved in formulating the policy response to corporate governance scandals, as well as in advising on a wide range of domestic and international issues, including banking and financial regulation, government-sponsored enterprises, pension reform, corporate governance reform, terrorism risk insurance, tax reform, currency crisis management, sovereign debt restructuring, the role of the International Monetary Fund (IMF), international trade, and economic development.
Dr. Kroszner has been a visiting scholar at the Securities and Exchange Commission; the IMF; the Stockholm School of Economics, Sweden; the Free University of Berlin, Germany;
Dr. Kroszner’s research interests include conflicts of interest in financial services firms, international financial crises, corporate governance, debt restructuring and bankruptcy, and monetary economics.
Dr. Kroszner was born on June 22, 1962, in