宋圭武观点79：农业家庭承包制在计划经济条件下是有一定效率的

　　农业家庭承包制在计划经济大环境下还是有一定效率的。因为统购统销农民不存在销售困难问题。或者在市场经济条件下，只在某一个生产环节家庭承包，农民家庭只是一个生产车间，这也符合经济学分工效率原则，家庭承包制才有一定效率。但在市场经济条件下，农业从生产到流通各环节都承包给一个家庭则问题多多。一是没有体现分工效率；二是没有体现规模效率；三是小农户无法面对大市场，信息不对称严重；四是农业本身是市场弱势产业，比如，农产品无法有效通过存储来应对市场，因为农产品有保质期；五是国家政策无法有效落实；六是三农无法面对大工业竞争；七是农民社会政治地位更加低下；八是必然大面积产生贫困问题；九是国家的帮扶政策多被机会主义蚕食；十是助长基层组织的官僚主义和形式主义；十一是出现农村贫富分化问题；十二是农业基础设施投入浪费；十三是农村精神文明建设出现倒退，一些旧的不好的习俗复活；十四是土地撂荒加剧；十五是农村空壳化；十六是农村光棍化加剧；十七是由于农民无序自由流动，国家社会管理成本加大；十八是城市出现贫民窟；十九是由于农村及城市贫困人口增加，必然社会犯罪率增加；二十是国家粮食安全会面临极大威胁，包括数量安全和质量安全，都面临极大威胁。当然，可能有的同志不一定同意我的观点，有疑惑。为此，建议一些同志可以自己到农村从生产到流通完全承包几亩地经营看看，让实践来回答疑惑。在市场经济条件下，发展中人口大国农业如何发展，如何避免家庭承包制的不足，本人在前面的视频里设计了一个三农发展框架，供大家参考。具体设计内容可参考前面本人发的短视频。好，谢谢，谢谢。

　　Song Guiwu's Viewpoint 79： Agricultural family contract system has certain efficiency under the condition of planned economy

　　Agricultural family contract system has certain efficiency under the condition of planned economy.Because there is no difficulty in selling farmers.Or under the condition of market economy， only in a production link of family contract， farmers' family is just a production workshop， which is also in line with the principle of economic division of labor efficiency， and the family contract system has certain efficiency.But under the condition of market economy， agriculture from production to circulation is contracted to a family， there are many problems.First， it does not reflect the efficiency of division of labor； second， it does not reflect the scale efficiency； third， small farmers can not face the big market， and the information asymmetry is serious； fourth， agriculture itself is a market weak industry， for example， agricultural products can not be effectively stored to deal with the market， because agricultural products have a shelf life； fifth， national policies can not be effectively implemented； sixth， agriculture， rural areas and farmers can not face the competition of large industries； seventh， farmers' social and political status is lower； eighth， it is inevitable to produce poverty in large areas； ninth， the national assistance policies are mostly encroached by opportunism； tenth， it promotes the bureaucracy and formalism of grassroots organizations； eleventh， there is a problem of rural poverty differentiation； twelfth， agricultural infrastructure investment is wasted； thirteen is the rural spiritual civilization construction regression， some old bad customs resurrection； fourteen is the land abandoned worsening； fifteen is the rural empty shell； sixteen is the rural singles worsening； seventeen is due to the disorderly free flow of farmers， the cost of national social management increased； eighteen is the emergence of urban slums； nineteen is due to the increase of rural and urban poor， the inevitable increase in social crime rate； twenty is the national food security will face great threat， including quantity security and quality security， are facing great threat. Of course， some comrades may not agree with my views， have doubts. Therefore， I suggest that some comrades can go to the countryside from production to circulation completely contract a few acres of land to see， let the practice to answer the doubts. In the market economy， the developing country with a large population how to develop agriculture， how to avoid the lack of household contract system， I designed a framework for the development of agriculture， rural areas and farmers in the previous video for your reference. The specific design content can refer to the short video I sent before. OK， thank you， thank you.