2011医学七大进展预测:基因分析帮助你对症下药 科学家将宣布HIV疫苗研究结果 |
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Liu Xia At 10:03 on January 18, 2011 Source: "Science and Technology Daily" 2010 can be described as scientific and medical breakthroughs in one after another of the year. German doctors declared cured an AIDS patient; Pleasant West cancer drug developed by pharmaceutical companies PLX4032 for the treatment of melanoma in the early eye-catching performance in clinical trials; addition, the scientists produced the first "artificial cells." So, emerged in 2011 which may be significant medical progress? United States, "Fun Science" website reported on 7 given by medical experts Predictions. If these breakthroughs become a reality, may cause us to lead more healthy and happy life. Scientists will announce the results of HIV vaccine research December 2010, German scientists in the United States, "Blood" magazine published the report, they passed bone marrow transplantation therapy "cured" of an AIDS patient. Scientists said that in 2007, an American male living with HIV suffering from leukemia treatment bone marrow transplant in Berlin, when the matching bone marrow donor is not only very consistent, but also has a natural resistance to HIV gene variation Delta 32. 3 years later, the United States no longer has leukemia patients and signs of HIV infection. The researchers said in the report: "The results very clearly show that this patient has been cured of AIDS, the researchers used gene therapy to other methods provide more clues to the treatment of AIDS." But the United States before the HIV Medical Association president Michael Zag that, if this approach will become standard therapy, there is a big risk. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Director Anthony Fauci also believes that the current method of treatment of AIDS can not be applied because the costs and risks are too high. However, another scientific breakthrough is likely in 2011 to help more people overcome AIDS. September 2009, the Ministry of Public Health of Thailand announced a combined vaccine for the first time can be confirmed by the tests reduce the risk of HIV infection in third. New York University Langone Medical Center in HIV immunology, Susan Zola - Pa Zile said that this is the first successful HIV vaccine indications, as specified in the direction of future research. Zola - Pa Zile that German doctors cure for AIDS is very limited, because only a small part of the nature of AIDS patients can find a bone marrow match against the AIDS virus, even so, these patients may be killed in the bone marrow transplant, Therefore, the hope still lies in the development of HIV vaccines, scientists are expected to announce in mid-2011 study on the results of this vaccine. Freezing method for patients with atrial fibrillation to regain the "heart" of Health American Heart Association, the nation's 220 million people suffering from the pain of atrial fibrillation, atrial fibrillation may lead to patient fatigue, shortness of breath and even stroke. However, one can of frozen heart tissue, the device will allow them to misery. December 2010, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the heart of electronic medical equipment maker Medtronic frozen balloon for the treatment of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. It is understood that the treatment is mainly frozen balloon to balloon pulmonary vein on the left atrial exit, and then the refrigerant filled balloon, but tissue damage to the pulmonary veins to treat atrial fibrillation export results. The spokesman said that in the key clinical trials, the therapeutic effect of frozen balloon is 10 times the anti-arrhythmic drugs, and safety and the latter similar. In patients treated with balloon in the freezer, completely eliminate the risk of atrial fibrillation was 70%, while patients treated with other drugs, completely eliminate the risk of atrial fibrillation only 7%. Massachusetts General Hospital, Moussa Mansour used in the clinical operation of the equipment, he said, the cure rate of this treatment mode up to 70%. The cure rate of conventional radiofrequency ablation is similar, but easier to implement new ways. Approval of new therapies will allow more people to receive treatment. More acceptable to the gastric banding weight loss surgery According to statistics, 7.2 million Americans are obese, many obese people hope to achieve weight loss through gastric banding purposes. Although studies have shown that, in a sense, the gastric banding weight loss surgery may be the most effective treatment, but has been controversial in the United States. The essence of gastric banding surgery, a bandage wrapped around the upper stomach, satiety achieved by reducing the patient's food intake required to achieve the purpose of weight loss. Before, FDA regulations for this procedure is only suitable for those morbidly obese patients, that is, body mass index (BMI) over 40 or a BMI over 35 and for obese people with serious diseases. The end of 2010, FDA voted to amend the legal standard gastric banding surgery, the provisions of BMI over 35 or BMI over 30 and have suffered other serious physical illness can be carried out of the surgery. New York University Langone Medical Center Bariatric Surgery Division, Lin said George Field, surgery is very useful. But there are doctors stressed, open the patient's body there is a huge risk. Massachusetts General Hospital Weight Loss Center Likapulan also said that despite the surgery does, but any surgery is invasive, there is risk. Kaplan said, because there is a risk, in line with FDA's standards of people, only 2% of people will actually accept the surgery. Body mass index will be reduced by 5 points does not make people accept the surge in surgery. Campus Initiative will reduce the next generation of obesity America's "children's health, free of hunger Act" into effect in 2011. Because the United States, more and more obese children, was diagnosed with the past, only adults have high blood pressure, high cholesterol and type Ⅱ diabetes, the new law will help to reverse this worrying trend. December 2010, President Obama signed the bill, that the children's school meals more healthy to fight child hunger. Obama said, now, throughout the United States, there are many children without access to school meals, and that the supply of meals are not healthy. The bill to ensure that in the next 10 years, 4.5 billion dollars to support the Government's child nutrition programs, including school meals. This will allow more American children to enjoy school meals, and allow the Ministry of Agriculture for school meals, including food sold in vending machines, customized nutrition guidelines. Currently, there are 17 million American children live in families is difficult to make ends meet, 1 / 3 of U.S. children are overweight or obese. First Lady Michelle is also in February 2010 launched the "Let us act," the plan, which also aims to reduce childhood obesity rates. Kaplan said the bill "very good", he said: "Now, obesity has become a more serious problem than malnutrition." New menus will reduce the daily intake of total calories March 2010, the U.S. Congress passed the "Protection and affordable patient care bill," the bill requires restaurants with more than 20 chain restaurants in the spring of 2011 prior to a meal in the menu list the total calories volume. FDA said the new bill also requires vending machines in the list of goods sold number of calories. In fact, as early as July 2008, New York City on the first of its kind to require fast food and casual dining restaurant chain such as to be clearly stated on the menu the calorie content of food. The authorities pointed out that new regulations could prevent at least 150,000 New Yorkers to become overweight and at least 3 million people to prevent diabetes in 5 years. Doctors said the new bill would allow people to realize that a cup of latte coffee may contain 300 calories; a small dish of humble biscuits may contain 1,000 calories. As to whether this initiative will greatly reduce U.S. obesity rates, doctors did not know. Kaplan said the new bill might be useful, but the actual effect may be minimal. Genome to find the right medication for people International experts in cardiovascular disease, Scripps Translational Science Institute said Eric Poole, Hector, 10 years ago, sequencing a complete human genome may be to 30 billion U.S. dollars; 2010, its cost down to $ 10,000 so. In 2011, the cost is expected to drop $ 4,000. Moreover, with the sequencing costs continue to reduce the field of genome research in 2011 there will be more medical breakthroughs. He said: "As the mushroom in this area generally, to flourish." Tuopu Er, for example, last year, the U.S. can be the largest U.S. health-care companies and drug retailers CVC / Caremark company began a large-scale testing of patients taking heart drugs Plavix genes. The researchers found that, PON1 and CYP2C19 these two genes can decide how patients respond to Plavix. "These two genes explain why the drug (the sales of the world's second) will play a very good two-thirds of patients the treatment effect, but others are either ineffective or have side effects." Tuopu Er said: "The genetic analysis will be significant cost savings, long-term use for patients who are no longer expensive, not the slightest help to the disease the drug." Help to understand the cancer genome research Tuo Puer prediction, genome sequencing cost reductions will bring good news to cancer research, "because the sequencing has become so cheap, quick, biological information is also becoming more sophisticated." These have a more rapid technology, cancer researchers will be able to put patients and their natural genomic variability caused by the tumor genome were compared, in order to find genes that cause cancer. Tuopu Er said that such research has to benefit melanoma patients, these patients are in effect taking the powerful drug PLX4032. Genomic studies have shown that the tumor has a BRAF mutation in melanoma patients to benefit from the drug; and their tumor BRAF mutation in patients not taking the drugs, the condition will worsen. Tuopu Er said that in 2011, similar studies will be even better. |
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[ 作者:佚名 转贴自:本站原创 点击数:196 更新时间:2011-1-19 文章录入:nnb ]
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