海南婚检率从82%降到0.8% 新生儿“缺陷率”升高
2010年08月22日 11:55 来源：南海网
爱我，就请你去做婚检
新婚姻法取消强制婚检后，我省婚检率一度从82%降到0.8%，新生儿缺陷率升高
像董海东一家的遭遇，在我省并不少见。而避免这样的悲剧其实并非难事，只要做好婚检和产前筛查等工作就可以避免。然而，新婚姻法取消了强制婚检后，我省的婚检率一直处于比较低的状态，而卫生部门、民政部门只能劝说，更多的人因为怕麻烦或其他原因而拒绝婚检。
现状从82%到0.8%的落差我省婚检情况不乐观
记者从省卫生厅妇幼保健与社区卫生处了解到一组数据，自2003年新的婚姻法颁布取消强制婚检后，我省目前婚检情况并不那么乐观，婚检率急剧下降，由颁布前的80%以上，最低降到0.8%。虽然自2009年开始，政府加大宣传力度，推行免费婚检后，我省的婚检率提高到24%左右，但距离预期目标：县一级婚检率50%，城市90%仍然有很大差距。
据了解，2003年10月之前，作为省会的海口市每年的婚检率都在82%以上。2004年即降到1.8%;2005年婚检率仅为1%(其中80%为部队军人)。而2008年，海口的婚检率仅有0.31%。而婚检率的急速下降，随之而来的是婚姻质量的低劣和缺陷儿的产生。出生缺陷多为多指(趾)、先天性心脏病、唇腭裂(兔唇)、肌体短缺和先天性脑积水等疾病。
误区拒绝婚检理由多不少人认为没必要
误区1 ：
单位有体检婚检没必要
“单位平时就体检，我的身体也很好，没必要再婚检，浪费时间也花费精力。”不少准备结婚的男女都存在着这样那样的想法，他们对婚检存在着误区，不进行婚检。
解疑：婚检不同于一般单位体检
海口市妇幼保健院有几十年经验的韩医生告诉记者，婚前检查不同于一般单位组织的健康体检，它是一次全面系统的检查，重点是针对遗传病方面和生殖器官的检查。
通过婚检，可减少遗传性疾病和重大传染病的发生，是把好优生优育的第一关，同时也让双方了解各自和彼此的身体状况。
婚检的主要目的是发现传染病，排除影响生育及遗传的疾病和其他使人基本丧失自主生活能力的严重遗传病。
婚检赋予了当事人一次机会，用以充分了解婚姻对象的身体状况，市民们不要随意放弃“健康知情权”。
误区2 ：
婚检影响双方感情
一企业文秘表示，和男朋友都谈了那么久的恋爱，万一查出什么病，结不成婚可怎么办，而且婚检也让双方产生不信任感。而有的市民则认为，有了孩子再产检就行了，何必再多出一道程序那么麻烦。
解疑：婚后才发现病情那才影响感情
“不做婚检可能带来很多恶果，对家庭带来很多的影响，因不婚检而造成的新生儿缺陷或疾病，甚至成为家庭的负担，社会的负担。”韩医生说。
首先，如果患有性传播疾病，未经过治疗就结婚，不但会传染给对方，严重的如艾滋病、梅毒还会传染给胎儿，造成胎儿先天畸形。
其次，如果患有遗传病，就会遗传给下一代，造成出生缺陷率上升。
再次，如果患有影响婚育的内科疾病，不及时发现并治疗，会危及母婴的安全，这也是导致孕产妇死亡率升高的原因。海口市妇幼保健院曾对6例孕产妇死亡病例进行评审，发现5例是由于内科合并症造成的。其中1例是因为甲亢，甲亢患者怀孕会加重病情，最终导致母婴都死亡。有1例为心脏病，怀孕后加重心功能衰竭，最后小孩子虽然保住了，但母亲却死亡。
最后，不做婚检，等婚后才发现双方的病情，还会影响到婚姻家庭的稳定，从而影响社会的稳定。
误区3 ：
被人摆弄私处感觉很害羞
有的女士则对婚检项目存在恐惧，认为被人摆弄身体的私处觉得别扭，害羞。甚至有的人认为是走过场，说不定成为医院敛财的另一途径。
解疑：不能讳疾忌医
韩医生告诉记者，婚前医学检查由强制改为自愿后，更需要人们自觉婚检，这意味着人们今后要靠自觉自律去维护生活的幸福。因为讳疾忌医或者怕麻烦怕花钱而拒绝婚检，对自己和另一半的健康盲目胸有成竹，很容易为日后的幸福生活留下隐患。法规政策本着人性化的目的将婚检决定权交还到个人手中，婚检关乎个人的未来幸福，每个人应该慎重认真对待婚检。
服务
婚检费用全免
海口自2009年10月27日起，在规定的基本检查项目范围内，婚检费用全免，由海口市人民政府补贴。而这笔费用2个人是216元，婚检时如需做其他检查项目，根据自愿原则选择，费用自负。
只要符合《中华人民共和国婚姻法》有关规定，男女双方或一方户籍在海口市，且在本市登记结婚人员均可享受免费婚检服务，每对人员只可享受一次免费婚检。
免费婚检时，男女双方持身份证或户口簿(原件及复印件)、一寸免冠个人近照各三张，就可以在有资质的医院进行婚检。免费婚检的程序为：核对证件—填写婚前医学检查表—婚前医学检查—婚前宣教、卫生咨询、指导—出具婚检证明。
婚检前应该做一些准备：女方避免在月经期接受婚检，会影响妇科检查。要带着问题去婚检，准备好想要了解的问题，在检查时向医生咨询，收获会更大。另外，婚前检查时间要选择在婚姻登记前1-2个月较为合适，这样一旦发现问题需要进一步检查时，能有充足的时间，不至于影响婚姻登记。
检查哪些项目?
婚检主要查影响婚育的疾病。
严重遗传性疾病：指由于遗传因素而先天形成的、后代再发风险高、医学上认为不宜生育的遗传性疾病。遗传病是一种代代或隔代遗传的疾病。
指定传染病及一些性传播疾病：这类疾病是指《中华人民共和国传染病防治法》规定的艾滋病、淋病、梅毒、麻风病及医学上认为影响结婚和生育的其他传染病。
有关精神病：指精神分裂症、躁狂抑郁型精神病及其他重型精神病。
其他疾病：指影响结婚和生育的心、肝、肺、肾等重要脏器疾病及生殖系统发育障碍或畸形等。
男性婚检项目包括：询问病史、体格检查、胸部透视、血常规、尿常规、肝功能、乙肝表面抗原、梅毒筛查、淋病筛查。
女性婚检项目包括：询问病史、体格检查、胸部透视、血常规、尿常规、肝功能、乙肝表面抗原、梅毒筛查、淋病筛查、白带常规。
到哪里进行婚检?
记者了解到，我省各市县的定点婚检医院，大多数为当地的妇幼保健院。如果没有妇幼保健院，则为一家综合性医院作为定点。具体详细情况可在婚姻登记处了解，那里都发放一些婚检的小册子，可以从中了解到婚检的一些常识和内容。(南国都市报 史晓晖 唐诗)
- 艾滋病早期治疗是康复与延长30～60年生命的保
- 艾滋病免疫重建的重要意义是挽救生命的根本
- 从食品植物研究开发的治疗艾滋病新药三合皂甙
- 康生丹颗粒免疫实验提示符合艾滋病、肿瘤等应
- 鸡尾酒疗法并非万能，抗药性与毒副作用导致联合疗法与中药疗法应用的迫切性
- 康生丹配合西药治疗AIDS总结
- 三合皂甙，康生丹片
- 中药康生丹治愈艾滋病中医论析
-
-
Hainan premarital examination rate of 0.8% from 82% to newborns "defect rate" increases
At 11:55 on August 22, 2010 Source: South China net
Love me, you do premarital examination
The new marriage law abolished ups, the province premarital examination rating was from 82% to 0.8%, higher rates of birth defects
Like Dong Haidong family experiences are not uncommon in the province. To avoid this kind of tragedy it is not difficult, as long as doing premarital examination and prenatal screening, etc. can be avoided. However, the new marriage law abolished the ups, the province of the premarital examination rate has been relatively low status, while the health sector, civil affairs departments can persuade more people to avoid troubles or other reasons, refuse to premarital examination.
Status from 82% to 0.8% of the gap is not optimistic about the situation in our province premarital examination
From the Provincial Health Department's Maternal and Child Health and Community Health Department learned that a set of data, since the new marriage law promulgated in 2003 abolished ups, the province is not so optimistic about the current situation of premarital examinations, premarital examination rate declined sharply, from 80% before the promulgation of above, the minimum down to 0.8%. Although from 2009 onwards, the Government intensify propaganda and introduction of free premarital examination, the province of the premarital examination rate increased to 24%, but the distance from the target: the county a premarital examination rate of 50%, 90% of the city is still a big gap.
It is understood that prior to October 2003, as the provincial capital of Haikou City, the annual pre-marital examination rate of 82% or more. That is down to 1.8% in 2004; in 2005 was only 1% of the premarital examination (80% of Soldiers). In 2008, Haikou, premarital examination rate is only 0.31%. The rapid decline in the rate of premarital examinations, followed by a poor quality of marriage and the production of defective children. Birth defects are mostly multi-finger (toe), congenital heart disease, cleft lip and palate (cleft lip), the body shortages and diseases such as congenital hydrocephalus.
Wrong reason to reject premarital examination more than many people think that no need
Myth # 1:
Units do not need medical premarital examination
"Unit normal on physical examination, my body is also very good, no need to re-premarital examination, a waste of time to spend energy." Many men and women are getting married there this kind of thinking, there are misunderstandings of their premarital examination, not to premarital examination.
Resolving: premarital examination is different from the general medical unit
Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Haikou City, several years of experience in Dr. Han told reporters, pre-marital check the health of the organization is different from medical units, which is a comprehensive system of inspection, focused on genetic diseases, and reproductive organs for examination.
Through premarital examination, genetic disease and can reduce the incidence of major infectious diseases is to good prenatal and postnatal care of the first pass, while giving both sides understand each other and each other's physical condition.
Ups main purpose is to find infectious diseases, excluding the impact of fertility and genetic diseases and loss of autonomy of other people basic life skills of serious genetic disease.
Premarital examination gave the parties an opportunity to fully understand the physical condition of the object of marriage, people are not free to abandon the "health of the right to know."
Myth # 2:
Premarital examination affect their feelings
A company secretary, said, and her boyfriend have talked about for so long in love, in case find out what caused the knot is not married to how to do, and premarital examination also allowed both parties to generate mistrust. However, some people think that, had children and then for check on the line, why out of a process more cumbersome.
Resolving: marriage only to find that only affect the feelings of illness
"Do not do premarital examination may bring a lot of consequences, the impact on many families, because without premarital examinations caused birth defects or disease, or even become a family burden, the burden of society." Dr. Han said.
First, if suffering from sexually transmitted diseases, the treatment not been married, not only transmitted to the other, serious, such as AIDS, syphilis will be transmitted to the fetus, causing fetal congenital malformations.
Secondly, if suffering from genetic diseases, will be transmitted to the next generation, resulting in birth defects rates.
Again, if those with marriage and fertility of medical illness, not timely detection and treatment will endanger the safety of mother and child, which is the reason leading to higher rates of maternal mortality. Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Haikou, had six cases of maternal mortality cases for review, found in 5 cases because of medical complications caused. 1 case because of hyperthyroidism, Graves disease in patients with pregnancy will increase, leading to maternal and child are dead. 1 cases of heart disease, heart failure after pregnancy increase, the last child was saved, but the mother has died.
Finally, do not do premarital examination, such as marriage only to find both sides of the disease, but also affect the stability of marriage and family, thus affecting social stability.
Myth # 3:
Been playing with private parts feel very shy
Some of the ladies there is fear of the premarital examination items that had been tinkering with the body's private parts feel awkward, shy. Some people even think that is going through the motions, perhaps as another means of accumulating wealth hospital.
Resolving: can not suffer in silence
Dr. Han told reporters, pre-marital medical examination by a mandatory to voluntary, the more people need to consciously premarital examination, which means that people rely on conscious self-regulation to safeguard the future life of happiness. Afraid of asking for trouble because of fear of spending money, or refuse to premarital examination, on the health of themselves and the other half blind well-thought, it is easy to leave a happy life for future risks. Regulations and policies in line with the purpose of the premarital examination human right to decide to return to private hands, premarital examinations related to the future well-being of individuals, each person should carefully seriously premarital examination.
Service
Premarital examinations free of charge
Haikou from October 27, 2009, the provision of basic inspection items in the context of premarital examination free of charge, from the Haikou Municipal People's Government subsidies. But this cost is 216 yuan 2 individuals, premarital examination For the project to other checks, according to the principle of voluntary choice, at my expense.
Long as "The People's Republic of China Marriage Law" the relevant provisions of either one or both male and female household in Haikou City, and registered marriage officers in the city can enjoy free pre-marital examination services, each of the officers can only enjoy a free premarital examination.
Free premarital examination, both men and women on ID cards or booklet (original and photocopy), inch bareheaded recent photographs of all three, it can be qualified hospitals premarital examination. Free ups procedures: check the document - Fill out the pre-marital medical examination table - pre-marital medical examination - before marriage missionaries, health advice, guidance - issued by the premarital examination proved.
Pre-marital physical examination should do some preparation: the woman to avoid the acceptance of premarital examination in the menstrual period, will affect the gynecological examination. To bring the problem to the premarital examination, ready to want to understand the problems in check, to the doctor, the harvest will be even greater. In addition, pre-marital check the time to select the 1-2 months prior to the registration of marriage is more appropriate if problems are identified that require further examination, to have sufficient time, not affect the marriage registration.
Check which items?
Premarital examinations mainly affect marriage and fertility of the disease investigation.
Severe genetic disease: that due to genetic factors, congenital form, and offspring risk for relapse, medically appropriate reproductive genetic disease. Generation of genetic disease is a disease or atavistic.
Specified infectious diseases and some sexually transmitted diseases: these diseases is "The People's Republic of China Disease Prevention Act" provisions of AIDS, gonorrhea, syphilis, leprosy and medical impact of marriage and childbearing that other infectious diseases.
About mental illness: that schizophrenia, manic-depressive psychosis and other severe mental illness.
Other diseases: impact of marriage and childbearing that heart, liver, lung, kidney and other vital organs and reproductive system diseases, developmental disorders or malformations.
Male premarital examination include: history taking, physical examination, mammography, blood, urine routine, liver function, hepatitis B surface antigen, syphilis, gonorrhea screening.
Female premarital examination include: history taking, physical examination, mammography, blood, urine routine, liver function, hepatitis B surface antigen, syphilis, gonorrhea screening, vaginal discharge routine.
Where to premarital examination?
This reporter learned that the province's designated premarital examination of all cities and counties in the hospital, most of the local Child Care Centers. If there is no maternity and child care, compared to a general hospital as a fixed point. Specific details can understand the marriage registries, there are a number of ups issued pamphlets ups can learn some common sense and content. (Southern Metropolis Daily Shi Xiaohui Tang)
|
|
