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专家指出：发展特别政策赋权女性艾滋病感染者
2010年07月29日11:21 来源：《中国妇女报》
“应发展政策支持女性感染者小组并支持其可持续性的发展。”近日，项目主持人、中国社科院新闻与传播研究所卜卫教授在“社会性别与艾滋病政策研究报告”发布和倡导研讨会上特别指出，一部分女性已经在抗击艾滋病中发挥了重要作用，包括维持家庭、保护孩子、生产自救、向社会发声、走出家门与其他女性感染者相互支持、反对歧视、依法维权、自发成立女性小组/组织共同重建生活……她们需要发展，但缺少相应的社会支持和信息资源。
研究报告表明：由于社会经济地位低下且受传统性别文化的影响以及教育不足和相关资讯严重缺乏，无论经卖血、输血、性接触或静脉吸毒感染艾滋病，女性均存在对艾滋病的易感性；已经感染艾滋病的女性，存在应对艾滋病所导致后果的脆弱性。
针对女性感染者及各种艾滋病感染者小组的生存现状，研究人员在调研的基础上，提出了包括降低易感性、降低应对艾滋病的脆弱性和赋权妇女及脆弱群体等三方面的政策建议。
专家特别强调，应发展特别的政策和措施用于赋权妇女，包括：发展针对易感人群的功能性扫盲教育项目和人权教育项目，如为农村和少数民族女性感染者提供中短期功能性扫盲课程，提供有关如何预防艾滋病交叉感染，如何写项目申请书，如何申请小额贷款等生活中需要的信息和知识，使她们获得重新生活的起点。
在政策建议中，专家指出：最重要的一点就是提出发展政策支持女性感染者小组并支持其可持续性的发展。其中包括5方面内容：资源公平分配：发展专门的项目并拨出一定款项专门支持基层的女性感染者小组/组织。信息支持：为女性感染者提供方便接近的媒体硬件（如计算机、DVD播放设备、电视、印刷媒体等）；提供适合底层女性的、具有社会性别敏感的艾滋病防治资讯。同时，还应通过培训支持女性小组、小组发起人和领导者，提高其利用各种信息的能力。传播倡导者支持：大多数女性感染者不习惯发出自己的声音，提供资源帮助女性感染者发展草根媒体，为她们提供专门的传播倡导的培训以及提高交流、表达能力、女性感染者组织与大众媒介合作协商能力、向社会做倡导的能力以及政策对话能力。能力建设：提供资源支持女性外出开会或培训、参与政策讨论等。建立广泛合作和联系：提供资源以促进女性感染者小组与社会性别专家、各种女性组织以及女性的交流。
此外，课题组还特别期望女性感染者小组/组织能够获得全国妇联和地方妇联系统的支持，最终使这种支持成为全国妇联维权系统的重要工作之一。
据悉，“社会性别与艾滋病政策研究”项目是受联合国妇女发展基金和联合国艾滋病规划署委托，由中国社会科学院新闻与传播研究所媒介传播与青少年发展研究中心组成的课题组实施完成。自2008年10月至2010年1月，课题组在河南、河北、北京、广西、四川等13个省市自治区，完成了130余位女性感染者的访谈，850份问卷调查以及26个地方感染者小组/组织的访问。
本次研讨会由联合国妇女发展基金、联合国艾滋病规划署、中国社会科学院新闻与传播研究所媒介与青少年研究中心联合主办。会上，来自联合国有关机构、政府有关部门、性别与妇女研究部门、感染者组织、大众媒体等各方面的专家，就如何进行政策倡导行动，如何制定相应的或专门的措施和政策解决由于社会性别不平等造成的妇女易感性等展开了讨论。（记者 杜学敏）
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Experts pointed out: the development of special policies to empower women living with HIV
At 11:21 on July 29, 2010 Source: "China Women"
"Should develop policies to support women infected group and support its sustainable development." Recently, the program hosts, the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Institute of Journalism and Communication Professor Bu Wei, "Gender and AIDS policy research report," Publish and promote seminar highlighted part of the fight against AIDS in women has played an important role, including the maintenance of family, protection of children and self-sufficiency, the community voice, out of the house with other women infected with mutual support, oppose discrimination, according to activists, spontaneous the establishment of women's groups / organizations together to rebuild their lives ... ... they need to develop, but the lack of appropriate social support and information resources.
Research Report Biaoming: As socio-economic status and are subject to traditional gender culture, influence, and lack of education and Xiangguan information seriously Quefa, Wu Lunjing selling blood, blood transfusion sex or intravenous drug users infected with AIDS, Nvxing are Cunzai pairs of the susceptibility of AIDS; Yi Jing HIV-infected women, there consequences should lead to AIDS vulnerability.
For all infected women and the survival of people living with HIV status group, the researchers based on the research proposed, including reduced susceptibility to deal with AIDS, reduce vulnerability and empower women and vulnerable groups such as the policy recommendations in three areas.
Particular emphasis should be the development of specific policies and measures for the empowerment of women, including: development of susceptible populations for functional literacy education programs and human rights education projects, such as those infected in rural and ethnic minority women to provide short-term functional literacy courses on how to prevent cross-infection of AIDS, how to write project application, how to apply for small loans and other life needs of information and knowledge, so that they get re-start life.
In the policy recommendations, the experts say: The most important point is that proposed the development of policies to support women infected group and support its sustainable development. Includes 5 aspects: the equitable distribution of resources: the development of specific projects and set aside special funds to support grassroots women infected group / organization. Information support: to provide convenience for women infected with the media close to the hardware (such as computers, DVD playback device, television, print media, etc.); to provide for low-level women, with gender-sensitive HIV prevention information. Should also support women's groups through training, group founder and leader, to improve their use of information. Communication advocates support: the majority of infected women are not used to their own voice, to provide resources to help the development of grassroots media of infected women, providing them with specialized training in the dissemination of advocacy and improving communication skills, organization of women infected with the mass media and consultative capacity, the capacity of the community to do advocacy and policy dialogue and capacity. Capacity-building: to provide resources to support women go to meet or training, participation in policy discussions. To establish extensive cooperation and contact: the provision of resources to promote the group infected women and gender experts, a variety of women's organizations and women's communication.
In addition, the research group has particular expectations of women infected group / organization to receive the National Women's Federation and local women's federation system support, this support eventually became the Women's Rights One of the important work the system.
It is reported that "social policy research on gender and AIDS" project is subject to the United Nations Development Fund for Women and UNAIDS commissioned by the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences Institute of Journalism and Communication, Mass Media and Youth Development Research Center of the implementation of the completion of the composition of the discussion group. From October 2008 to January 2010, the research group in Henan, Hebei, Beijing, Guangxi and Sichuan provinces and autonomous regions in 13, completed more than 130 interviews with women are infected, 850 questionnaires and 26 local infection by group / organization visit.
The seminar was organized by the United Nations Development Fund for Women, UNAIDS, the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences Institute of Media and Communication Research Center jointly organized with the youth. At the meeting, from the relevant United Nations agencies, government departments, gender and women's studies Bumen, Ganran who Zuzhi, Dazhong media and other aspects Zhuan Jia, Chang Dao Jiu Ruhejinxing policy actions, how to formulate appropriate or specialized the measures and policies be solved as gender inequalities such as women's susceptibility to the topic. (Xinhua Du Xuemin)
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