2010年10月GRE考试疑难讲评-10,11(1)


201010GRE考试疑难讲评-10111

10
GRE考试将近,祝刚参加完模考讲评的同学成功,也要持续努力,不要放弃,没有机会到北京模考听课的同学,可以参考一些疑难解答。

注意,GMAT考试的同学不用看这个。SAT考试的同学可以参考填空部分。


类反

Astrolabe :nautical ==colander :culinary        (我选的是compass: mechanical)

等高仪是航海用的, 同样,漏斗是烹饪的

 

Subsidy: support == debt: obligation           (credit: payment)

财政补助是一种支持, 债务一种责任

 

Protocol: blunder == bumper: damage         (protocol这里是什么意思?)

后者违反前者,损害前者

PROTOCOL是礼节规范的意思

 

Plain: austere == arid: barren                 (austere 是什么意思?)

AUSTERE是朴素,这个单词都不知道????后者比前者的程度深

 

Complaincarp == drinkguzzle                              carp不是鲤鱼的意思么?

CARP是辱骂的意思,这里也是递进的关系,后者比前者程度深。

 

Perfunctorilyinspiration == insolently: veneration     inspiration 不是灵感的意思?

缺乏关系(不行啊,你连这些最基本的类比关系都没掌握?老师没讲过吗)

前者缺乏后者,敷衍了事的缺乏灵感,不尊敬的缺乏尊敬

 

Relevant crucial == perceptibleobvious    (我选的是possibledesirable

又是一个程度,后者比前者程度深,后面是至关重要,前面是相关而已。

POSSIBLE:FEASIBLE就好了

 

Invinciblesubdued== imperviousdamaged    题干没有找到联系

前者不能被后者,不可战胜的就不能被征服,这是一个被动关系。

 

Droll laugh==grislyflinch                  题干是离奇古怪的笑

DROLL是有趣搞笑的意思,所以,前者造成后者,搞笑的让人发笑,可怕的让人发抖。

 

填空

Although his attempts to appear psychotic were so clumsy as to be almost ludicrous there is evidence that Ezra Pound was able to avoid standing trial for treason merely by faking symptoms of mental illness.

 

我选择的是sporadic…premeditated

------你选的不对,题目说,这个人的装病是如此笨拙,以致有些可笑。这是一个递进的关系,还是程度类比。

 

The First World War began in a context of jargon and verbal delicacy and continued in a cloud of euphemism as impenetrable as language and literature, skillfully used, could make it.

第一次世界大战在一片术语和精致语言中开始,被委婉的说法笼罩,这种委婉和修辞,只有用到极致的文学和语言才能达到

 

选择对了,但是句子怎么都读不通顺……

 

Changes of fashion and public taste are oftenpermanent and resistant to analysis, and yet they are among the most reliable gauges of the state of the public’s collective consciousness.

 

我选择的是arbitrary...problematic

---第一个选项就是RESISTANT TO ANALYSIS的同义,ARBITRARY不对,是说流行和服饰是最固定的夜最难分析,但是有时最可靠的测量公共意识的标准。

 

During periods of social and cultural stability, many art academies are so firmly controlled by dogmatiststhat all real creative work must be done by the disenfranchised.

 

我选的是 specialists… elite       disenfranchised 不是剥夺权利么?

------社会稳定的时候,教条主义者控制艺术界,所有的创造必须是由非艺术圈离得人完成。

 

Usually the first to spot data that were inconsistent with other findings, in this particular experiment she let a number of anomalousresults slip by.

 

我选的是  inaccurate

-----这人通常一眼看出数据不符合,但是这次她却让不合数据溜走了。很简单,这样的题目都错!!!ANOMOLOUS就是INCONSISTENT的同义嘛。

 

Famous among job seekers for its largesse, the company, quite apart from generous salaries, bestowed on its executives annual bonuses and such perquisitesas low-interest home mortgages and company cars.

 

句子没有读懂,我选的是 magnanimity… reparations

是说公司很大方,给钱而且又给很多别的附加东西,所以第一个词用MAGNANIMITY也可以,但是第二个不对,这是赔偿补偿的意思。

 

In sharp contrast to the intense idealismof the young republic, with its utopian faith in democracy and hopes for eternal human progress, recent developments suggest a mood of almost unrelieved cynicism.

答案选择对了,但是后面没太翻译懂。

----------idealism是后面utopian faith in democracy and hopes的同义。 最后句话说的是和这个国家最初那种狂热乌托邦式最求民主和人类进步相比,最近的情况却显示出一种不可救药的愤世嫉俗。

 

Whereas biologists must maintain a disinterestedattitude toward the subjects of their research, social scientists must, paradoxically, combine personal involvement and scholarly detachment.

我选择的是 careful…abandon

----------------detachment是前面involvement的反义。Abandon也对,但是前面半句说生物学家必须对研究对象公正冷漠,社会学家则必须把公正冷漠和个人观点结合起来。这里。Careful明显不是后面的公正的反义。

 

Unlike the easily studied neutral and ionized materialsthat compose the primary disk of the Milky Way itself, the components of the regionsurrounding our galaxy have proved more resistant to study.

如何翻译?特别是region在这里是区域的意思么?

------这句话翻译什么意思不关键,不要纠缠于这个意思!!GRE不是靠你的单词和科学理解来取胜的,关键是反义和同义的逻辑关系。这段题目的意思是不像银河系主体那些离子化的物质这么容易研究(这是一个反义关系无疑了),我们星系的周边地区物质却很难研究。这个region对的就是上半句的primary disk.

 

A misconception frequently held by novice writers is that sentence structure mirrors thought: the more convoluted the structure, the more complicatedthe ideas.

我选的是 blatant,大致翻译是,新手一般都有一种错觉,越复杂的句子,越有华丽的意思。

-------这道题也很简单,同义关系,关键词是这个mirror(同样与,折射于,模仿。。。),写作新手经常错误认为,句子结构应和文章意思对应,因此,结构越复杂,意思也就越。。。(什么?)。这里肯定就是复杂的意思。Blatant是大声,嚣张的意思,不对。

 

The chances that a species will persistare reduced if any vital function is restricted to a single kind of organ; redundancyby itself possesses an enormous survival advantage.

没读懂,麻烦老师帮忙分析一下句子成分。

-----这道题很简单,我问你,第一个单词是下面谁的同义?毫无疑问就是survival的同义,redundancy有些难,这个词原来意思是指计算机系统中的计算冗余,这里指多重功能配置。句子什么意思?若果体内的主要功能只有一个器官来负责,那么一种生物存活的机会将会降低很多;多重功能配置将会是生存的极大优势。

 

Although remorseis usually thought to spring from regret for having done something wrong, it may be that its origin is the realization that one’s own nature is irremediably flawed.

这个句子中,spring这个词怎么翻译?爆发?全句子,怎么翻译?

--------spring from是从什么地方来源,和下面的origin是一样的。句子的意思是,虽然悔过被认为是从人发现自己做了错事来的,但是它也有可能是因为人们发现了自己的本性有某些道德缺陷。

 

The labor union and the company’s management, despite their long history of unfailingly acerbic disagreement on nearly every issue, have nevertheless reached an unexpectedly swift, albeit still tentative, agreement on next year’s contract.

我选择的是conclusive

------conclusive前面没有对应,不对。这里conclusive swift都行,但是swift对应前面的long history,必定是这个对。我反复说过,首先,题目中有的,最佳选项,题目中有对应的,也是好选项。题目中没有的,不能选。

 

From the outset, the concept of freedom of the seas from the proprietary claims of nations was challenged by a contrary notion---that of the enclosureof the oceans for reasons of national security and profit.

句子成分没有分析清楚,意思不明白,没有找到对应信息,郁闷……

------是吗,我怎么一眼就看出来???不要郁闷,接着训练吧,这题很简单,下次不能再错了!首先,national security and profit对应proprietary claims of nations 那么enclosure(封闭和划定)对应谁?那肯定就是freedom of the seas(海洋权利的划分不应受到国家主权影响) 选项里只有这个enclosure是自由,不受限制的反义,不选这个还选谁?